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VÝCHODOKARPATSKÝ MAGICKÝ REALIZMUS? REKONŠTRUKCIA CESTY „MAGICKÉHO REALIZMU“ DO SLOVENSKEJ LITERATÚRY Z VÝCHODU

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Passia R.
World Literature Studies
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2016
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vol. 8
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issue 2
29 – 39
EN
The paper explains the relation between the concepts of socialist realism and magic realism in the Slovak literature during the period of Perestroika occurring in the second half of the 1980s. The author claims that the ideologically biased criticism of the period warned of the increasing interest in magic realism among writers, critics and readers because magic realism was regarded as one of the tools of the “destruction” of socialist realism. Many of the new ideas that overcame the conservative thinking of socialist realism in Czechoslovakia then came from the East, i.e., from the Soviet Union. However, Slovak critics and writers did not just follow theoretical works but also translated works of prose, e.g., those from Ukrainian literature, which had been inspired by reading Latin American prose as well as by the indigenous folk sources and specific cultural situation in the multi-ethnic environment of the Eastern Carpathians. In addition to that, the 1960s saw translations of the “original” magic realism of Latin American provenance penetrating the Slovak cultural space. The individual national literatures from the territory of the Eastern Carpathians have also kept developing upon the inspirations from magic realism of Latin American literature, from the 1990s until now. Selected works of prose from this particular cultural region clearly reflect the phenomena of myth and magic and operate with natural circular time and relatively closed, isolated spaces, and they are strongly influenced by folk oral culture. All of these elements bring the cultural space in question closer to the premises of Latin American magic realism.
2

INTERPRETATION, DOMESTICATION, MANIPULATION (DAVISTS AND F. X. SALDA) (Interpretacia, domestikacia, manipulacia (davisti a F. X. Salda))

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Passia R.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2011
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vol. 58
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issue 4
358-366
EN
The study deals with the relationship between critics from the magazine DAV's circle and the Czech critic F. X. Salda. There seem to be three complementary ways relating to Salda that can be tracked in the Davists' approach to him from 1937 (F. X. Salda's death), and especially after 1948: they are called domestication, interpretation and manipulation. Salda's critical methods were well received and applied by Slovak Marxist critics from the magazine DAV in order to solve Slovak culture problems however his opinions were also significantly reshaped under the influence of ideology. Vladimir Clementis is used as an example to prove this fact. The study deals also with the influence of Salda's personalistic criticism as a model and pattern on Slovak cultural environment before World War II and is concerned with opinion adjustments made by some of the Slovak promoters of Salda's criticism after the rise of Communist dictatorship (Alexander Matuska). In conclusion, there is given evidence that Salda as a representative of a certain approach to cultural issues is still present in the current Slovak literary discussions, e.g. in Julius Vanovic's works.
3

'HOW IT BUBBLED IN THE NICE SPIRIT OF STUR...' TO 'DISCUSSION' ON A MONOGRAPH OF L. STUR'S PERSONALITY ('Ako to klokocom vrelo v peknom duchu Sturovom...' K 'diskusii' o monografickom spracovani osobnosti L. Stura)

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Passia R.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2009
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vol. 56
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issue 3
172-175
EN
The article shows that from the 19th century until now, reflections has been appearing on a form of adequate monographic depiction on Ludovit Stur (1815-1856), the main personality of the Slovak national revival. According to the author's opinion the biggest problem of the already existing monographs was that they provided only a one-side ideological explanation, but Stur's various activities cannot be reduced to one common ideological platform. The result of such reduction is a constant feeling of non complexity, dissatisfaction, and tendentiousness of both cultural interpretations and interpretations of literary scholarship concerning Stur's impact. The author suggests respecting Stur's ambiguity in his works and also positive, semantically unreduced quality. He also proposes resigning on seeking of common variable quantity in the series of Stur's cognitive mistakes and discontinuities unlike he rather recommends an approach that introduces Stur's work and life as an artistic project, as directional performance, in which ascetic love to excellence is to dominate over.
4

BONDYHO BRATISLAVSKÁ EPIZÓDA

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Passia R.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2021
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vol. 68
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issue 3
304 – 313
EN
The introductory section of the article reconstructs the arrival of the Czech writer, philosopher and foremost member of underground culture, Egon Bondy (1930 – 2007) to Bratislava in 1993. There he became part of the city’s intellectual and cultural (literary, musical and artistic) life. The novella Epizódaʼ96 [Episode ʼ96] Bondy wrote in Slovak is an important contribution to the literary identity of the city. The article interprets the close relationship between Bondy’s narrator and space and also looks at the central topoi present in Bondy’s portrayal of Bratislava. He presents the city via “emptiness”. Diachronically, this means putting into spotlight some of the key episodes (unknown territories) of the weakened historical memory of the city (life and work of the sculptor F. X. Messerschmidt and the fates of the Jewish community). Synchronically, the author focuses on the structure of the city formed by socialist planning and on the empty spaces as natural spaces that to a great extent determine Bratislava’s genius loci (the Danube, the Little Carpathians).
5

LITERATÚRA – MESTO – BRATISLAVA (PO ROKU 1918): STAV VÝSKUMU A VYBRANÉ KONTEXTY

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Passia R.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2021
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vol. 68
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issue 3
211 – 221
EN
At the turn of the 21st century, the spatial turn that took place in various fields of humanities and social sciences could also be observed in literary studies. On the international level, research was inspired by topics and theories from such fields as architecture, urban studies, sociology or anthropology. Slovak literary studies, however, has not been significantly inspired by geo-poetics and has not devoted systematic attention to the study of urban locations and motives. This article provides a basic overview of existing research into the representations of urban settings in Slovak literature. It maps topics and methodological background of individual research initiatives with a special focus on literary and artistic representations of Bratislava. The paper also outlines new lines of inquiry, such as the relationship between literary representations of the city in the post-socialist Central Europe and the phenomenon of nostalgia. It also suggests the possibilities of comparative research. With regards to the latter, the author argues that juxtaposing literary representations of Bratislava with representations of urban settings in the literatures of other European “small nations” (Miroslav Hroch) offers more fruitful ground for research than searching for similarities in culturally and geographically closer Hungarian or Czech literature. The article also provides a list of selected literature on the problematics of urban representations in Slovak literature and culture.
6

PRÓZY JÁNA ROZNERA A BRATISLAVA (SPISOVATEĽ – AUTOBIOGRAFIA – MESTO)

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Passia R.
Slovenská literatúra (Slovak Literature)
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2017
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vol. 64
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issue 2
104 – 117
EN
The research into spatial categories is enjoying a lot of attention in contemporary literary theory as well as in interdisciplinary research. In the introduction the author of the paper offers an overview of certain theoretical and practical approaches to the phenomenon of town in Central Europe. Then he deals with the autobiographical proses written by Ján Rozner (1922 – 2006), especially the books Noc po fronte (The Night after the Front, 2010) and Výlet na Devín (The Trip to the Devín Castle, 2011). The attention is mainly paid to the analysis of the relationships between: 1.) the literary representation of the urban space 2.) the autobiographical genre and 3.) the writer´s personality. He arrives at the conclusion that in case of J. Rozner´s prosaic work the three theoretical issues are inseparably connected. „Rozner´s“ Bratislava is not only the background in his proses, the space effectively contributes to the way the writer artistically captures the basic subject, which is the relationship between the Central European intellectual and the complicated cultural and political history of the region in the 20th century. J. Rozner uses retrospective narration in order to come to terms with his own problematic past and the literary representation of Bratislava serves as part of the process of intellectual „reanimation“ of the writer in contemporary Slovak culture.
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