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1

Perception of the elderly by junior high school students and university students in Poland

100%

Cybulski M., Krajewska-Kułak E., Jamiolkowski J.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2015

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vol. 5

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issue 2

93-98

EN

Introduction: Statistical data from the turn of the 20th century shows a significant increase in the average human life span and, what follows, an extension of old age. The world is aging and Poland has joined the list of countries which have been classified as demographically old since the rate at which society is aging has become very fast. Purpose: The aim of this thesis was to become familiar with the opinions submitted by respondents regarding aging and old age, health problems connected with aging and preferred health behaviors.Materials and methods: The research was conducted between January 3rd of 2013 and February 15th of 2014 on a group of 200 junior high school students and 200 university students from the Medical University of Białystok Faculty of Health Sciences using a questionnaire created by the authors.Results: A vast majority of the respondents of the study groups declared that they have thought about old age. Among university students this percentage reached 38.5%. Almost 50.0% of all respondents acknowledged that older people are needed by society.Conclusions: The results show that the aging process should be contemplated considering multiple aspects of life: biological, psychological and social. Moreover, youth education programs about seniors and old age as well as about ways to counteract their stigmatization should be introduced.

2

Physical activity in type 1 diabetic young and early adults treated with insulin pump therapy. A preliminary report.

100%

Roszkowski A., Kulesza K., Cybulski M., Witkowska, A.M

Progress in Health Sciences

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2019

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vol. 1

13-21

EN

Purpose: To determine the level of physical activity in young and early adults with type 1 diabetes in comparison with their healthy counterparts and to determine whether the use of insulin pump facilitates physical activity. Materials and methods: This study included 40 type 1 diabetes (T1D) subjects of both sexes treated with a personal insulin pump therapy, and 30 healthy controls. The diagnostic survey included questions about nutrition, knowledge about the disease and whether the patient can control diabetes through physical activity, diet and self-monitoring. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire – long form (IPAQ-L), was used to assess the level of physical activity of both diabetic and control individuals. Results: 87.5% T1D subjects believe that using an insulin pump facilitates their physical activity. The level of physical activity associated with cycling (p=0.038) and vigorous physical activity (p=0.008) was higher in T1D than in the control group. Statistically significant differences (p=0.043) were found for total physical activity. The total mean activity was higher in participants with T1D (8147.70 MET-min/week) compared to the control group (5857.55 MET-min/week). Conclusions: Young and early adults with type 1 diabetes may be more physically active than their healthy counterparts, mainly in their leisure time. The use of a personal insulin pump facilitates physical activity, but most diabetics experience episodes of hypoglycemia after physical activity.

3

Stigma of people living with HIV/AIDS

88%

Van Damme-Ostapowicz K., Sarosiek J., Krajewska-Kułak E., Pedrycz A., Cybulski M.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2015

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vol. 5

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issue 1

209-213

EN

A specific character of HIV/AIDS has caused numerous complications either medical, legal or social. HIV infection exposes its carriers to frequent acts of intolerance or stigma by the healthy part of the population. Negative social consequences found after detection and disclosure of HIV perfectly match the theory of stigma by Goffman. This theory elucidates mechanisms of stigma or self – stigma affecting these members of the society that via their behavior or life style break the basic social, moral and religious norms. Despite numerous achievements, this disease cannot be overcome completely. People living with HIV/AIDS are still stigmatized and discriminated in the society. They suffer being rejected and isolated by a family, partners and friends. The results demonstrated in the present review, obtained from the examinations conducted among people with HIV/AIDS, in Poland and abroad, attesting stigma, discrimination, low evaluation of the quality of life are the basis for further in-depth studies concerning this issue. This must reinforce educational efforts which will constrain inequality of people with HIV/AIDS, in Poland and abroad. The aim of this study is to inform and sensitize a recipient about stigma among people with HIV/AIDS.

4

Most common health problems of elderly in the opinion of health sciences students in Poland, Belarus and Greece

76%

Cybulski M., Krajewska-Kułak E., Sowa P., Shpakau A., Theodosopoulou E., Chadzopulu A.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2016

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vol. 6(2)

39-45

EN

Introduction: Health is one of the most important and cherished values in the elderly. It has been estimated that among people over 65 years old 80% of people suffer from at least one physical illness. Purpose: To identify the opinions of the respondents on the most common health problems of elderly over 60. Materials and methods: The study was conducted between January 2013 and November 2014 in three study groups: Polish, Belarusian and Greek students. A total of 600 (200 for each group) respondents were tested with the questionnaire created by authors. Results: Respondents indicated that the most characteristic physical features of elderly people are wrinkles (68.7%, n = 412), gray hair (54.3%, n = 326) while cardiovascular diseases are the most common health problem (76.3%, n = 458). The most significant factor in delaying the aging process was active lifestyle (85.3%, n = 512). Conclusions: There is a need for increased education in geriatrics and care of the elderly among students of health sciences, who in the future will be entered in the geriatric therapeutic teams. The perception of health problems of the elderly were different depending on the country of origin of the respondents. This may indicate that the students don’t know the basic diseases and ailments in this age group (for example geriatric giants).

5

Effects of religious beliefs on the assessment of nurses’ work in the perception of patients, nursing students and nurses

76%

Lankau A., Krajewska-Kułak E., Bejda G., Guzowski A., Baranowska A., Cybulski M.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2017

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vol. 7(1)

122-130

EN

Introduction: Religious orientation is associated with psychological well-being resulting from treating negative life events as opportunities for personal and spiritual development. Purpose: To assess the impact of religious beliefs on the evaluation of nurses' work in the perception of patients, nursing students, and nurses. Materials and methods: the study included 150 patients, 150 nurses, and 150 nursing students, using our questionnaire. Results: 56.7% of patients, 46.7% of students, and 47.7% of nurses assessed the religious sphere of life as very important. Respondents identified good family life as the most important value in life (82.7% of patients, 76% of students, and 92% of nurses). Emotional needs were the greatest motivation for students (70.7%) and nurses (72.7%) to increase religious activities; for patients, it was an illness in the family (42.7%). Patients (62.4%), students (48.7%), and nurses (61.1%) were of the opinion that religion could affect performing work-related tasks. Blood transfusion was the most likely procedure to be affected by patients’ religious beliefs (50% of patients, 44.7% of students, 58% of nurses) or nurses’ religious beliefs (29.3% of patients and 18.7% of nurses). Conclusions: Patients more often reported that religion may have some effects on choice of profession, and most respondents did not consider religious beliefs an obstacle in making new acquaintances or performing work-related tasks. In the case of a conflict between a nurse’s therapeutic activities and a patient’s or nurse’s religious beliefs, the nurse should assign the patient to another nurse.

6

Medical students’ perceptions of people with disabilities

76%

Guzowski A., Kułak-Bejda A., Stelcer B., Jasiński M., Łukaszuk C., Cybulski M., Kułak W.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2016

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vol. 6(2)

125-131

EN

Introduction: Little is known about associations of attitudes of medical students towards people with disabilities and their life satisfaction and empathy. Purpose: To assess the social perception of people with disabilities by medical students. Materials and methods: The present study interviewed 451 medical students of the Medical University of Białystok regarding their perceptions of people with disabilities, especially in light of their own satisfaction with life and empathy. We used the following questionnaires: the original questionnaire about attitudes towards people with disabilities, The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Empathy Understanding Questionnaire (KRE). Results: Attitudes towards people with disabilities people were generally positive. Almost 40% of respondents expressed a willingness to help for people with disabilities. In general, disabled people do not have full access to all fields of social (63.4%) and professional (63.2%) life. At the same time, disabled people tend to marry (84.9%), have children (82.1%), work (88.2%), and drive cars (76.1%). Respondents were convinced that contact with a disabled person teaches ways to help others (42.1%), and in fact 58.6% of respondents reported having decided to participate with helping the disabled. The average life satisfaction of the students was 22.7 ± 5.3 which indicates that the respondents are satisfied with their lives. The empathy level of respondents was 66.97 points ± 2.98, which indicates average level of empathy. Conclusions: This study shows that students’ perception of people with disabilities depends upon how the students viewed disabled people’s, life satisfaction and empathy.

7

The perception of violence in children’s drawings

64%

Krajewska-Kułak E., Kułak W., Stelcer B., Jasiński M., Kowalczuk K., Łukaszuk C., Guzowski A., Cybulski M., Lewko J., K., Van Damme-Ostapowicz

Progress in Health Sciences

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2016

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vol. 6(1)

78-85

EN

The aim of the paper is to evaluate the perception of violence held by children and adolescents aged 8 to 16 years based on their artworks. 163 children’s drawings submitted from across Poland on "Children against violence." were analyzed. These pictures were analysed according to their contents. The artworks were made using various techniques: torn paper collage, collage, wax scratch, coloring pages, painting using poster paints and watercolors. Drawings have been classified in twelve thematic groups: "aggression against things", "peer violence","violence and addiction", "family violence", "workplace violence", "on-line violence," verbal violence", the continuity of violence", difficult choices" ,and " help ". Children and adolescents are good observers and they see various forms of violence, especially signs of bullying, and the impact of addictions on their development. Children know how to avoid and reduce violence.

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Perception of disabled persons held by children and adolescents based on their artwork

64%

Krajewska-Kułak E., Kułak W., Humienik-Dworakowska U., Łukaszuk C., Lewko J., Van Damme-Ostapowicz K., Lankau A., Rozwadowska E., Guzowski A., Cybulski M.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2012

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vol. 2

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issue 2

116-124

EN

Purpose: To evaluate perceptions of disabled persons held by children and adolescents aged 4 to 15 years based on their artwork. Materials and methods: 192 children's drawings were analyzed. These were submitted from all of Poland, from hospital recreation centers, schools, art studios, sick children, children with special needs, and healthy children in the "My disabled friend” contest. Results: Most artworks were from children aged from 8 to 10 years old (40.6%), 4 to 7 (33.9%) and 11 to 14 (17.2%). The remaining artwork was completed by adolescents from 15 to 20 years old - 16 (8.3%) persons (including the oldest with intellectual disabilities). The artworks were divided into four age groups: 4-7, 8-10, 11-14, and over 15. Various techniques were used: torn paper collage, collage, wax scratch, coloring pages, painting using poster paints and watercolors. Conclusions: The children's drawings show their positive attitude towards people with disabilities. Children are aware of the need to help and support people with disabilities. In the imagination of children, a disabled person can fully participate in society

9

Perceptions of nurses as health educators held by children and adolescents based on their artwork

64%

Krajewska-Kułak E., Van Damme-Ostapowicz K., Kułak W., Humienik-Dworakowska U., Lewko J., Łukaszuk C., Lankau A., Rozwadowska E., Cybulski M., Guzowski A.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2012

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vol. 2

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issue 1

122-128

EN

Purpose: To evaluate perceptions of nurses as health educators held by children and adolescents aged 4 to 17 years based on their artwork. Materials and methods: 514 children's drawings were analyzed. Titled "With a Nurse for Health," drawings were submitted from all over Poland, coming from hospital recreation centers, schools, art studios, sick children, children with special needs, and healthy children. Results: Children created images of nurses engaged in a detailed range of professional duties, including delivering care to children and attending to children’s personal hygiene. The drawings portrayed the nurses delivering first aid care for cases of injury, bleeding, and fractures, as well as applying or changing dressings. Nurses were depicted in hospital rooms, nurse’s offices, and emergency rooms. Conclusion: We believe that the analysis of children's artworks can help in the planning of health programs aimed at children

10

Differing attitudes for various population groups towards homeless people

64%

Krajewska-Kułak E., Wejda U., Kułak-Bejda A., Łukaszuk C., Repka B., Guzowski A., Cybulski M., Stelcer B., Jasiński M.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2016

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vol. 6(1)

57-62

EN

Introduction: People who are homeless are most often unable to acquire and maintain regular, safe, secure, and adequate housing, or they lack a “fixed, regular, and adequate night-time residence”. Purpose: To assess the attitude of secondaryschool students, high-school students, university students, and working adults towards homeless people. Materials and methods: A survey of 420 randomly selected middle school students (n=120), high school students (n=100), university students (n=100), and working adults (n=100) was conducted. Nearly half of the participants reported a fear of homeless people. Results: According to the majority of respondents, a homeless person collects scrap metal and waste paper, and also begs. The first words that come to mind when a majority of people think of the homeless were: poor, unhappy, dirty, lonely, and smelly. The participants reported the main reasons for homelessness to be: joblessness, family problems, alcohol, helplessness, and avoiding work. The majority of respondents argued that social and legal problems are the main reasons that it is difficult for homeless people to extricate themselves from their situation. The groups surveyed had a variety of opinions about homelessness. According to most respondents, a homeless person is a poor, miserable, lonely, childless man with a vocational education who begs, collects scrap metal and waste paper, and is also usually dirty and smelly. Conclusions: In the survey groups, respondents’ opinions about homelessness varied.

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Validation of the Polish version of the Anderson and Dedrick Trust in Physician scale

46%

Krajewska-Kułak E., Kułak W., Łukaszuk C., Lewko J., Sengupta P., Cybulski M., Guzowski A., Kowalczuk K., Jankowiak B., Kowalewska B., Kondzior D., Rolka H., Baranowska A., Lankau A., Klimaszewska K., Sierakowska M., Krajewska-Ferishah K., Szyszko-Perłowska A.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2018

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vol. 8(1)

27-35

EN

Purpose: The aim of this study was to validate the Trust in Physician Scale (TPS) for Polish patients. Materials and Methods: The validation of a Polish-language version of Anderson and Dedrick’s TPS was performed with a group of 849 patients. Validation consisted of the translation and evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Polish TPS and its application among Polish-speaking patients. We also explored the TPS with the patient’s sex, age, education, income, marital status, and number of physician visits. Results: The internal consistency of the Polish TPS was high (Cronbach’s alpha = .891). In our study, the TPS is positively associated with age, education, income, marital status, and number of physician visits. Also, we have found that the TPS is negatively associated with sex and place of residence. Conclusions: The Polish-language scale fulfills all the criteria of psychometric and functional validation with the original version of the Trust in Physician Scale.

Refine search results

Perception of the elderly by junior high school students and university students in Poland

Physical activity in type 1 diabetic young and early adults treated with insulin pump therapy. A preliminary report.

Stigma of people living with HIV/AIDS

Most common health problems of elderly in the opinion of health sciences students in Poland, Belarus and Greece

Effects of religious beliefs on the assessment of nurses’ work in the perception of patients, nursing students and nurses

Medical students’ perceptions of people with disabilities

The perception of violence in children’s drawings

Perception of disabled persons held by children and adolescents based on their artwork

Perceptions of nurses as health educators held by children and adolescents based on their artwork

Differing attitudes for various population groups towards homeless people

Validation of the Polish version of the Anderson and Dedrick Trust in Physician scale