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1

Nowe technologie ICT w polskich przedsiębiorstwach na tle Unii Europejskiej

100%
Mundry R.
Studenckie Prace Prawnicze, Administratywistyczne i Ekonomiczne
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2011
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issue 10
47-56
EN
Information and communication technologies more and more into the lives of enterprises. They affect both the improvement of production processes and the same product. Companies can also extend its reach and increase the speed of response to changing customer needs. ICT can also adjust flexibly to changing economic realities. ICT technology is still new and not all consumers have access to it. It is also associated with large capital expenditure. Poland on the background of ICT in a EU countries falls significantly below the average. By Polish companies to fully compete with more developed businesses, we need more and more integration of ICT.
2

Bankowość centralna w Azji na przykładzie Chin, Japonii i Rosji — analiza porównawcza

100%
Mundry R.
Studenckie Prace Prawnicze, Administratywistyczne i Ekonomiczne
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2014
|
vol. 15
95 - 107
EN
The major central banks in Asia have asignificant impact on the economic life of particular countries. They determine the value of money, both its internal and external price. They create the environment in which the economic life of the country takes place. These banks differ in terms of independence, organizational structure and decision-making processes. They also have different goals that they must pursue. And even though they have similar instruments at their disposal, they use the tools of monetary policy in anumber of ways. The biggest influence on this situation have historical and political determinants. The most stable isthe Bank of Japan. But it owes its position to along tradition. On the other hand the bank that is the most susceptible to the influence of political factors is the Chinese People’s Bank. This is due to the prevailing political system in China. It is worth noting that these banks are not as orthodox in conducting the monetary policy as the central banks of Western countries. Despite many differences in terms of institutions and instruments, they normally have asimilar goal which they try to achieve through the use of different tools, depending on the situation on the global financial markets. Typically, this requires matching instruments to the currently prevailing conditions. Amain goal in each case is the same — maintaining the stability of own currency.
3

Działania Europejskiego Mechanizmu Stabilizacji Finansowej (EFSM) oraz Europejskiego Funduszu Stabilizacji Finansowej (EFSF) — stan na 1 grudnia 2011 roku

100%
Mundry R.
Studenckie Prace Prawnicze, Administratywistyczne i Ekonomiczne
|
2011
|
issue 11
23-32
EN
As a result of the crisis in Greece and the volatile situation on fi nancial markets, the EU decided to implement a European Stabilisation Mechanism. Detailed and in depth article examines the operation of The European Financial Stabilisation Mechanism (EFSM) and The European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF).The EFSM, the Commission may borrow a total of 60 billion euros in the financial markets on behalf of the European Union, as part of an unconditional guarantee of the EU budget. The European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF) was created by the euro area Member States following the decisions taken on 9 May 2010 within the framework of the Ecofin Council. It may issue bonds to total 440 billion euros. These bonds are guaranteed by the EAMS (Euro Area Member States).
4

Struktura długotrwałego bezrobocia LTU w Unii Europejskiej

100%
Mundry R.
Studenckie Prace Prawnicze, Administratywistyczne i Ekonomiczne
|
2012
|
issue 12
65 - 79
EN
The ongoing financial crisis started in 2008 resulting in an increase in the unemployment rate was an impulse for the development in 2010, by the European Commission of the Strategy 2020. One of the aims of the European Commission was to raise the employment rate to 75%. Particular attention should be paid to those who have been unemployed for longer than 12 months (LTU — long-term unemployment). People who have been unemployed for a long time are discouraged, which makes it even harder for them to find a job. This causes the social and economic costs to society. In the struggle against long-term unemployment the Beveridge curve can be helpful, since itallows to diagnose whether the unemployment (LTU) is influenced by the business cycle or is a result of the structural problems on the labour market.
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