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Jean Emmanuel Gilibert and Vilnius University Botanical Garden: results of current studies of archive material from Vilnius Archives, Göttingen University and National Herbarium of Ukraine (KW)

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Skridaila A., Žilinskaitė S., Shiyan N.

Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki

2015

vol. 60

issue 1

95–116

The Vilnius University Botanical Garden (VUBG) was founded by French professor Jean Emmanuel Gilibert (Joannes Emmanuel Gilibert, 1741-1814). Until he arrived to Vilnius, he was working in Grodno (now Belarus), where started in 1776 and founded the botanical garden too. He was invited to Vilnius in 1781 and came there in the late autumn of that year. Location of the first BG in Vilnius was in the heart of town, in the courtyard of the Medical College (Collegium Medicum) (now 22, Pilies str.), in a small plot of about 200 square metres. In early spring 1782 the majority of plants (trees and shrubs) were moved from Grodno BG to new VUBG (Köhler, 1995; Skridaila, 2001). Plants, in that time known as hard for Lithuanian climate conditions, were planted outdoor in to beds. Other of them planted in a small, quickly built greenhouse. J.E. Gilibert headed new BG in Vilnius for very short time. Unfortunately, in the beginning of 1783 he left Vilnius forever. There is no accurate data how many plants were cultivated by J.E. Gilibert in VUBG. The document retrieval was carried out in various Lithuanian and foreign archives (Gӧttingen, Kyiv). Some manuscripts of the second director of Vilnius BG - Georg Forster (Johann Georg Adam Forster, 1754-1794), have been studied in Gӧttingen, where they survived. According G. Forster’s data of year 1785, he found in VUBG, collection of plants and seeds, left by J.E. Gilibert, which took 500-600 names of plants (Skridaila, 2006). Another source was studied in the Herbarium of Institute of Botany in Kyiv too. In period 2008-2012 full inventory of this Herbarium was carried out. The collection contains 7401 specimens and includes the collections of vascular plants, mosses, lichen and one specimens of algae from Belarus, Lithuania and Poland (Shiyan, 2014). The Herbarium consists of three parts: Herbarium Linneanum, Herbarium Grodnensis and Zielnik Klassa 5. Pentandria. Herbarium Grodnensis contains herbarium sheets signed as "ex HortiAcad" or "in HortiAcad“ too. These sheets are examples of plants which were grown in VUBG. The total number of these herbarium sheets - 82. Considering the above and other sources, it is possible to suggest that J.E. Gilibert in Vilnius BG had accumulated collection of plants and seeds up to one thousand taxa.

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1 Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki

1 Shiyan N.

1 Skridaila A.

1 Žilinskaitė S.

1 2015

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Jean Emmanuel Gilibert and Vilnius University Botanical Garden: results of current studies of archive material from Vilnius Archives, Göttingen University and National Herbarium of Ukraine (KW)