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Výraz svoboda v perspektivě lingvistické analýzy - na příkladu materiálu z období 1948-1989:

100%
David J.
Naše řeč (Our Speech)
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2020
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vol. 103
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issue 3
231-242
EN
The text deals with the semantics of the word svoboda (‘liberty’) as it is illustrated in the selected source material from the period 1948–1989, known as “the time of the absence of liberty”. The material comprises the Totalita corpus (of opinion journalism texts), the key documents of the Czechoslovak anti-Communist movement (Dva tisíce slov (‘The Two Thousand Words’; 1968), Prohlášení Charty 77 (‘Declaration of Charter 77’; 1977), Několik vět (‘A Few Sentences’; 1989), as well as the New Year speeches of Czechoslovak presidents. The analysis is aimed at the occurrence of the word svoboda in particular collocations, at the possibilities of tracking semantic changes in the expression, and mostly at whether, and in which way, the perception and presentation of liberty differ in the official texts of the Communist regime and those of the anti-Communist opposition. The analysis combines quantitative and corpus approaches with qualitative analysis.
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The thematization of proper names in travel literature : Czech travelogues of visits to the USSR

63%
David J., Glogarová Davidová J.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2017
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vol. 78
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issue 3
195-213
EN
The article explores the thematization of proper names (anthroponyms, chrematonyms and toponyms, includings street names) in Czech travelogues describing Soviet Russia (and later the Soviet Union). The material for the study comprised 40 travelogues published in book form and relating to the period 1917–1956. The aim of the article is to demonstrate how proper names function in this type of travelogue as a means of reflecting and promoting Soviet society, its values and ideology. The article also explores how proper names – particularly name changes in response to historical developments – were presented and commented on by the authors of pre- and post- World War II travelogues. Predominantly up to 1945, naming practices under the Bolshevik regime (name changes, new personal and geographical names, the practice of giving ‘revolutionary’ names to children) were viewed as part of the creation of a new Soviet reality and a new society, and the authors emphasized the ideological value and propaganda function of proper names.
CS
Text se zabývá tematizací vlastních jmen (antroponym, chrématonym, toponym včetně uličních názvů) v českých cestopisech ze sovětského Ruska, později Sovětského svazu. Materiálem studie bylo 40 knižně vydaných cestopisů pojednávajících o období 1917–1956. Cílem studie je představit propria z daného typu cestopisů jako prostředek propagace sovětské společnosti, jejích hodnot a ideologie. Studie si rovněž všímá způsobu, jakým byla vlastní jména autory meziválečných a poválečných cestopisů prezentována a komentována. Důraz je přitom kladen na problematiku přejmenování v závislosti na historických proměnách. V období před rokem 1945 byly pojmenovací praktiky (přejmenování, nová osobní a zeměpisná jména, křty revolučními jmény) provázející bolševický režim vnímány jako součást vytváření nové sovětské reality a společnosti a byla zdůrazňována ideologická hodnota a agitační funkce proprií. Tyto procesy byly levicovými autory přijímány s nadšením jako projev pokroku a revolučních změn, ostatními pouze stroze konstatovány, či dokonce kritizovány. Po roce 1945 se v přístupu k novým pojmenováním s kritikou již nesetkáváme, a to především vlivem důsledného uplatňování jednotného striktně ideologického pohledu na sovětskou realitu a její zobrazení. Výjimkou je pouze hodnocení revolučních osobních jmen jako přežitých.
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Heraldická reprezentace obce a nevědecká etymologie toponym

63%
David J., Davidová Glogarová J.
Národopisný věstník
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2022
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vol. 63
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issue 2
355-366
EN
The study deals with the non-scientific (folk, popular) etymology of toponyms, specifically settlement place names, and its reflection in contemporary municipal heraldry. The aim is to incorporate the situation when the interpretation of a place name motivates the image of a municipal emblem into the general principles of the process labelled as “exteriorization” of the place name. It is the process in which the etymology of a proper name motivates the emergence of an object, most often a two-dimensional, pictorial, or three-dimensional one. The process is illustrated with the analysis of justifications of new municipal emblems of 159 selected communities in the total of 12 Czech districts that were created and approved in the period of 1990−2021. The research showed that 72 % of the examined emblems regarded as canting arms are based on the scientific etymology of place names, while 26 % are based on the respective folk etymologies.
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Exonymie průmyslové oblasti : na příkladu Ostravska a Karvinska (Česká republika

63%
David J., Nováková L.
Acta onomastica
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2018
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vol. 59
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issue 1
32-41
EN
The text is focused on the toponymy of the industrial area of the Ostrava and Karviná regions (the Czech Republic); the research being centred on (the local) exonyms. Exonyms were used for naming coal-miners’ colonies and districts, or newly built housing estates. The oldest layer of exonyms-based toponymy originated at the beginning of the post-1850 industrial development (Amerika, Mexiko, Nový York), whereas the youngest one is represented by the post-WWII place names (Balaton, Donbas, Korea, Stalingrad). Later, exonyms have stopped forming the base for new place names, cf. sporadic names, such as Bronks, Dalas and Fukušima. The reason is the development of global communication, a rapid information flow, and tourism; names of places abroad have been losing their unique status. This fact is also evidenced by a nearly zero knowledge of the place names origin. Their spatial distribution reflects coal mines and heavy industry areas in the regions - the exonymic place names are spread concentrically in the Ostrava area, whereas they are spread evenly in the Karviná one.
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Onymickou stopou Petra Bezruče

63%
David J., Davidová Glogarová J.
Acta onomastica
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2018
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vol. 59
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issue 1
18-31
EN
The text is focused on the cult of Petr Bezruč (1867-1958), a Czech poet, and its reflection in Czech post-1945 proper names. This is both effected, and proposed cases of (re-)namings of selected localities in the Moravian-Silesian region connected with Bezruč’s life and poetry; the research is focused on the period of 1940s and 1950s. The survey, based on available archival sources and that-time opinion journalism, was aimed at investigating the motivation of local authorities to use Bezruč’s names and the arguments presented in their requests. From the region perspective, the cult was created mostly via proposals of new names of institutions (chrematonyms) and new names of settlements, the latter were not effected; from the state/national perspective, the crucial role was played by urbanonyms (street and square names) in the cult creation.
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Český Brad Pitt, moravská Mata Hari - antroponymické variování v současné české publicistice:

63%
David J., Davidová Glogarová J.
Acta onomastica
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2020
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vol. 61
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issue 2
287-298
EN
The goal of the study is to present the metaphorical usage of personal names in the newspaper opinion articles contained in the Czech National Corpus. The analysis is aimed at attributive collocations with adjectival forms český/moravský/slezský (Czech, Moravian, Silesian), and pražský/brněnský/ostravský (Prague ‒ Praha, Brno, Ostrava in the adjectival forms) + personal names referring to well-known foreign people, e.g., česká Edith Piaf, moravský Edison. The research showed that the attributive constructions are more frequent in serious newspapers than in tabloids. The Czech society orientation towards the Western, Euro-American civilization is illustrated with the continents (Europe, North America) and states (the United Kingdom, France, Germany, the United States of America) to which the selected personal names refer to. The formal aspects of the names are also examined ‒ e.g., their orthography, morphology, coinages of Czech female forms of male surnames and of hypocoristic forms, as well as their usage in communication (e.g., multireference of the construction to various people).
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Varianty a variování zeměpisných názvů v českém politickém diskurzu 1945-1989:

63%
David J., Rupińska A.
Acta onomastica
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2020
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vol. 61
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issue 2
299-310
EN
The study is aimed at variants and variation of place names in the Czech political discourse in the period between 1945 and 1989. It is illustrated with the place names Podkarpatská Rus / Zakarpatská Ukrajina (Carpathian Ruthenia / Zakarpatia), Bahía de Cochinos / Zátoka sviní (Bahía de Cochinos / Bay of Pigs), and Falklandy / Malvíny (the Falkland Islands / Islas Malvinas). The usage of a particular form (variant) and the substitution of a place name for its variant reflect the process of their politicization and ideological presentation in that-time political journalism. It also shows their usage in symbolic and metaphorical ways through their occurrences in specific collocations. The analysis is based on the Rudé právo newspaper, the official medium of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
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Thematization of place names in opinion journalism : Czech exile politicians’ radio speeches between 1938 and 1945

63%
Davidová Glosarová J., David J.
Acta onomastica
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2019
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vol. 60
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issue 1
7-23
EN
This text focuses on place names and their thematization in Czech opinion journalism in the mid-20th century. After describing general features of the thematization of proper names and the ways in which this process is accomplished – i.e. (re-)semantization through the use of collocations, onymic allusions, and symbolization –, the authors turn their attention to a qualitative textual analysis of political speeches. The collection consists of radio speeches given by exiled Czech politicians based in London and Moscow during the Second World War. The texts reflect a broad spectrum of Czech politicians, ranging from democrats (Edvard Beneš, Prokop Drtina, Jan Masaryk, Jaroslav Stránský, Jan Šrámek) to Communists and their sympathizers (Zdeněk Fierlinger, Klement Gottwald, Zdeněk Nejedlý).
CS
Studie se zabývá toponymy a jejich tematizací v české publicistice 20. století. Na pozadí obecných charakteristik tematizace proprií a způsobů její realizace, např. (re)sémantizace prostřednictvím kolokací, onymických aluzí a symbolizace, se zaměřuje na kvalitativní textovou analýzu politických projevů. Analyzovaný korpus textů zahrnuje rozhlasové projevy českých exilových politiků působících v době druhé světové války v Londýně a Moskvě. Texty odrážejí širokou škálu politického spektra, od demokratů (Edvard Beneš, Prokop Drtina, Jan Masaryk, Jaroslav Stránský, Jan Šrámek) ke komunistům a jejich sympatizantům (Zdeněk Fierlinger, Klement Gottwald, Zdeněk Nejedlý).
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Toponymie moderního sídliště - na příkladu pátého stavebního obvodu městské části Ostrava-Poruba

63%
David J., Místecký M.
Acta onomastica
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2016
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vol. 57
26-37
EN
This study is focused on the survey of a non-standardized (popular) toponymy of the fifth district of the municipal borough of Ostrava-Poruba, which was established, as a prototypical socialistic housing estate, from the 1940s to the 1980s. The green-field establishment of a self-sufficient city, the yard-based shaping of the construction, and the way the standardized toponymical structure was politically charged (commemorative names) became the main triggers and background of the development of popular urban names; these are studied from two different social groups’ points of view. The research started in a family whose three generations had been closely linked to the district; this survey was followed by another one, focusing on pupils of the local elementary school.
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Prolegomena ke kvantitativní onomastice

63%
David J., Místecký M.
Acta onomastica
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2023
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vol. 64
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issue 2
301-320
EN
The aim of this paper is to present the potential of quantitative methods for the research of proper names (mostly personal and place names) as units operating in Czech texts. Three case studies treat particular research topics on the background of the development of Czech onomastics in the 20th century and in the first decades of the 21st century. They are aimed at 1) quantification of relational (semantic) patterns; 2) collocation analysis; 3) morphological categories of proper names. The text also provides an overview of previous attempts to apply quantitative and corpus approaches to proper name research.
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