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  1. 2 Współczesna Gospodarka

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  1. 1 2014

  2. 1 2012

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  1. 2 Kujawa J.

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Europejska polityka żeglugowa

100%
Kujawa J.
Współczesna Gospodarka
|
2014
|
vol. 5
|
issue 1
PL
Artykuł poświęcony jest wspólnej polityce Unii Europejskiej w sferze transportu morskiego, który obsługuje prawie 80% wolumenu handlu zewnętrznego tego ugrupowania integracyjnego i prawie 40% wewnętrznych potrzeb przewozowych (licząc wielkością pracy przewozowej). W pierwszej części artykułu przedstawiona została geneza wspólnej polityki żeglugowej i trudności w jej początkowym kształtowaniu. Następnie omówiono ewolucje założeń tej polityki i jej obecny charakter. W dalszej, najobszerniejszej części przedstawione zostały główne cele i kierunki polityki żeglugowej Unii Europejskiej a na koniec podjęto próbę oceny jej efektów.
EN
The article describes the common EU policy on maritime transport, which comprises almost 80% of the volume of external trade of the Union and about 40% of internal transport needs. The first part of the paper presents the origins of the common maritime transport policy and the difficulties encountered during its initial formation. Subsequently, the evolution of the concepts of the policy and its current shape is discussed. The final, substantial part of the article describes the main aims and directions of the EU maritime transport policy and includes an evaluation of the effects of the policy.
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Żegluga kontenerowa w kryzysie

100%
Kujawa J.
Współczesna Gospodarka
|
2012
|
vol. 3
|
issue 4
19-26
EN
In the last two years, the global maritime trade, and in particular container throughput, has been growing, although more slowly than in the exceptional year 2010, after a rapid collapse in 2009. Container fleet has also been growing well, but financial results achieved by the majority of leading container carrier companies (TOP 20) are very bad. When in 2009 their losses amounted to several billions dollars, carriers explained that it was an exceptional year because of the economic crisis and unusual collapse of container throughput accompanied by increasing expenses (especially on fuel). However, looking at financial results for the four years period of 2008-2011, year 2010 appears to be exceptionally profitable and the sum of financial results for the entire period for fifteen carriers from the TOP 20 group is 5.5 billion dollars loss. Debt of carriers is already over 90 billion dollars. Many of them are actually on the verge of bankruptcy and the prospects are not the best.
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