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1

BIOGRAPHY AND METHOD. BIOGRAPHY AS A KEY TO UNDERSTANDING PERSONAL CREATIVITY (Biografia i metoda. Biografia jako klucz do zrozumienia osobowosci twórczej)

100%
Sitek R.
Kwartalnik Filozoficzny
|
2010
|
vol. 38
|
issue 1
19-38
EN
In a philosopher's biography, in his creative personality, as in a 'mental prism', refraction and transformation of many various factors connected with his situation and cultural conditions take place. A philosophical work is the final and objective result of this process. This integral connection between a philosopher's personality and his work was noticed and taken under consideration long ago. Numerous tendencies that have appeared during the last fifty years try to break it. Once inspired by structuralism, they are nowadays inspired by deconstruction and have met with much success. They have led to the writing of 'history of philosophy without philosophers'. The present article arises from the need to rehabilitate the biographical method in philosophy.The author believes that the philosopher as a person stands behind his system and he wants to restore the connection - severed by the contemporary humanities - between a work and its author.
2

ANDRZEJ WALICKI'S CONCEPTION OF SELF-DISINTEGRATING TOTALITARIANISM (Andrzeja Walickiego koncepcja 'samo-dezintegrujacego sie' totalitaryzmu)

100%
Sitek R.
Przegląd Filozoficzno-Literacki
|
2010
|
vol. 9
|
issue 3(28)
467-485
EN
Various research interests of Andrzej Walicki include the problem of the concept and practice of totalitarianism, as well as of the conceptualization of the process of detotalitarianization. The author devoted a lot of space to these problems in his fundamental work 'Marxism and the Leap to the Kingdom of Freedom. The Rise and Fall of the Communist Utopia'. Following the steps of Hannah Arendt, George Orwell, and Czeslaw Milosz, Walicki underlines the force of communist ideology 'from within' as a specific 'secularized, immanentized version of millenarist terror of the collective salvation on Earth'. Totalitarianism, understood as the combination of terror with the ideocratic coercion leading to the internalization of the 'New Faith' culminated in Poland in 1954. The developments caused by 'Polish October 1956' liberalized the system, by constraining the scope of the state's power and increasing the range of negative freedom available for Poles. The subsequent de-ideologization of the system not only did increase the autonomy of Poles in their private life, but also opened new spheres of freedom in intellectual life and culture. In the economic sphere, the detotalitarianisation of the system was supported by pathological phenomena, i.e., corruption, 'clientelism', dirty business 'connections' that effectively disintegrated the mechanisms of state central planning and control
3

'WHERE ARE THE SNOWS OF YESTERYEAR...'. ON PECULIARITIES OF POLISH AFTER-WAR PHILOSOPHY - ONCE AGAIN ('Ach, gdzie sa niegdysiejsze sniegi...'. czyli o osobliwosciach polskiej powojennej filozofii - raz jeszcze)

100%
Sitek R.
Przegląd Filozoficzno-Literacki
|
2009
|
vol. 8
|
issue 4(25)
237-263
EN
The period between 1955 and 1968 was probably the time of the most significant achievements in Polish postwar philosophy. Although they were still usually under formal and mystifying name of Marxism, they were clearly influenced by three other great philosophical traditions dominating in interwar Poland: analytical, inspired by the Christian thought and phenomenology. Their representatives were the ones who created the peculiar intellectual climate that made the position of Marxism and social sciences in Poland different from the one in the other countries depending on the USSR. Trying to reveal the peculiarity of Polish postwar philosophy, the author finds the biographical method very helpful. Philosophical choices among: Marxism, phenomenology, neotomism, philosophical pluralism and further evolution of views and ideas of Polish philosophers who belonged to the generation that started its intellectual journey after World War II, cannot be understood without biographical context.
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