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1

SALVAGE EXCAVATIONS AT SITE 1 AT WIATOWICE, WIELICZKA DISTRICT, MALOPOLSKIE VOIVODESHIP

100%
Jarosz P.
Acta Archaeologica Carpathica
|
2006
|
vol. 41
161-170
EN
Site 1 at Wiatowice is situated on a plane at the top of one of the hills forming the Wieliczka Upland (Fig. 1). The archaeological salvage work conducted in 2005 were concentrated on a plot of arable land which apparently covered the remains of some leveled-off mounds. Three test units covering jointly an area of 2.5 ars (Test Unit 1 - 10×10 m, Test Unit 2 - 10×10 m, Test Unit 3 - 5×10 m). In the course of the excavations five objects were recovered. Only one of them could be successfully dated (Lausatian culture). The site of objects 3-5 contained no archaeologically significant material; object 2 turned out to be natural. The scanty assemblage collected during the survey should be linked with the Lausatian culture, ie. the 5th period of the Bronze Age, the Prokocim-Skotniki phase of the Krakow subgroup) and the Early Middle Ages. The early medieval pottery could be dated to a period ranging from late 9th until early 11th century. Objects 3-5 seem to be of no interest to archaeology; nor is it possible to date them.
2

GRAVE OF THE CORDED WARE CULTURE FROM BRZEZIE, SITE 17, WIELICZKA DISTRICT

63%
Czekaj-Zastawny A., Jarosz P.
Sprawozdania Archeologiczne
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2007
|
vol. 59
293-304
EN
Site 17 at Brzezie locates in the source area of the Tusznica Creek, the left-hand tributary of the Raba River. In years 2000-2006, prior to the construction of Freeway A4 (the Cracow-Tarnow section), the site was subjected to wide-area rescue excavations. The excavations of 5.5 hectares revealed 2653 structures related to several culture of the Neolithic Period (the Linear Pottery, the Malice, the Baden and the Corded Ware cultures) and the Bronze Age (the Mierzanowice and Lusatian cultures). Discovered CWC burial remains were located in the uppermost are of the site. The survived part of the grave suggest it had a rectangular outline, width about op 140 cm and length 220 cm, orientated E-W, with deviation to S. In the northeastern corner of the pit there was found a damaged beaker, while in the southeastern corner a flint axe. Despite the damage state the vessel from Brzezie can be referred to an 'Old Corded' beaker. Rectangular axe found in the grave is compatible in shape and size with CWC axes. CWC grave from Brzezie, most probably originally covered by a barrow, is the fourth find of this kind between the rivers of Raba and Vistula.
3

CEMETERY OF THE CORDED WARE AND THE TRZCINIEC CULTURES IN GABULTÓW

63%
Gorski J., Jarosz P.
Sprawozdania Archeologiczne
|
2006
|
vol. 58
401-451
EN
Gabultów's region is an area of intensive settlement continuing from the early Neolithic Age to the early Middle Ages. Excavations of the kurgan in Gabultów was carried out in 1998. The exploration led to the discovery of graves related to the Corded Ware (CWC) and the Trzciniec culture (TC). Features 1 and 2 are related to the CWC, the former coming from the older CWC period, the latter - clearly younger - dating probably from the early phase of the Kraków-Sandomierz Group of CWC. The central pit grave (Feature 1) covered with an earth mound yielded remains of timber structural elements - a wooden box with framework construction. The pit contained one body, deposited with its head pointing west. The inventory consisted of richly ornamented amphora with four handles and three decorated beakers, a battle-axe, a Jurassic flint axe with two sides, and some half processed flint material. Features 3, 4, 5 and 6 have been dated at the period of the TC. Grave 5 contained bronze artifacts and four vessels that could be considered as the heritage of Otomani-Füzesabony culture. Features 3 and 6 yielded only a few very small fragments of vessels whose technological traits are evocative of TC pottery. Feature 4 contained backed knife. The excavations carried out at the destroyed mound in Gabultów have demonstrated one more case of using an older CWC mound by a TC community.
4

THE NEOLITHIC ANTHROPOMORPHIC FIGURINE FROM ZAKRZOWIEC, SITE 6, NIEPOLOMICE COMMUNE, MALOPOLSKIE VOIVODESHIP

63%
Jarosz P., Szczepanek A.
Sprawozdania Archeologiczne
|
2005
|
vol. 57
443-449
EN
During the excavation carried out on site 6 in Zakrzowiec in 2004 on the route of the intended Motorway A4, a fragmentarily preserved anthropomorphic figurine was found in a vast clay pit. The figurine was found in the base part of the upper fill layer of feature 416, on the depth of 90-100 cm. The artifacts depicts surrealistically a female with the thin, well pronounced waist and the well-modelled breasts. The body survived, but the arms are missing (they were probably spread out in the orantes gesture). An oblong, fine depression on the back of the figurine probably indicates the spinal column. The buttocks are slightly asymmetric, while the legs are preserved only in their upper parts. The figurine was made of clay with a fine-grained mineral temper, brown (partially black-brown) in colour. Its dimensions are: the preserved height 44 mm, width at arms 32 mm, width at hips 24 mm, thickness 15 mm. The pottery material from the vicinity of the figurine is numerous but very poorly preserved. There are fragments of hollow-pedestalled beakers and of pottery ornamented with knobs beneath the rim and on the belly. There are also parts of short neck vessels and wide-opening vessels with notched rim bending outwards (the so called sand pottery) related to the salt extracting process. In considerations on cultural and chronological affiliation of the figurine one should take into account the place where the artifact was found, its context, and analogies from other sites. The pottery material from the vicinity of the figurine is typical for the Pleszów group of the Lengyel culture and suggests a probable cultural-chronological affiliation of the figurine. Females' Neo­lithic figurines are interpreted as symbols of procreation and vital power of the reviving nature.
5

Absolute Chronology of the Corded Ware Culture in South-Eastern Poland and Ukraine

63%
Jarosz P., Wlodarczyk P.
Przegląd Archeologiczny
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2007
|
vol. 55
71-55
EN
Altogether 17 radiocarbon results referring to the Corded Ware culture were obtained. The selection of samples determined the good quality of the dated material from the Late Neolithic graves (mainly human bones). The new series aimed to verify previous establishments including dating of the cemetery in Zerniki Górne in particular. Four important results were obtained from central barrow graves. New dates verify the absolute chronology of the Corded Ware culture in south-eastern Poland. The beginning of the CWC settlement fell probably on years 2800-2700 BC. The final stage should be referred to ca. 2300 BC.
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