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EN
The article examines one of the so-called “Jagiellonian fi nishing rolls”, which were used in decorating by an anonymous bookbinder (or bookbinders) from Poznań from around 1547 until 1560s. The roll shows 5 carefully designed medallions with busts of a pope and some European rulers (Paul III, Sigismund the Old, Sigismund Augustus, Charles V and Ferdinand I) as well as an arabesque ornament. Today we know 22 bindings with such decorations, kept in libraries in Poland, Russia and Germany. The author of the article formulates some hypotheses concerning the time the roll was made as well as its maker and the person who may have commissioned it. He explores the tradition of making such fi nishing rolls in Europe. The characteristic composition and selection of motifs on the Poznań tool are presented against the background of model graphics showing “galleries” of portraits of European rules (they were made by e.g. Virgil Solis or Augustin Hirschvogel). The author describes the complex relations between the Habsburgs and the Jagiellons as well as the role of the papacy in these relations. This is necessary to establish the ideological and political basis of the iconographic concept of the roll. In addition, the author analyses the iconographic models of the portraits presented on the medallions. He indicates their originals among graphic works, paintings as well as numismatic works (coins and medals).
PL
Artykuł prezentuje jedno z tzw. „radełek jagiellońskich”, które stosował w dekoracji opraw anonimowy poznański introligator (lub introligatorzy) od około 1547 r. do lat 60. XVI w. Radełko ukazuje 5 starannie opracowanych medalionów z popiersiami papieża i władców europejskich (Paweł III, Zygmunt Stary, Zygmunt August, Karol V i Ferdynand I) oraz ornament arabeskowy. Obecnie znane są 22 oprawy z taką dekoracją, przechowywane w bibliotekach Polski, Rosji i Niemiec. W artykule postawiono hipotezy dotyczące czasu powstania radełka oraz jego wykonawcy i potencjalnego zleceniodawcy. Przedstawiono tradycję tworzenia radełek tego typu w skali europejskiej. Charakterystyczna kompozycja i dobór motywów na poznańskim narzędziu przedstawione zostały na tle grafiki wzornikowej prezentującej „galerie” portretów władców europejskich (tworzyli je np. Virgil Solis, Augustin Hirschvogel). Opisano skomplikowane relacje między Habsburgami a Jagiellonami, a także rolę, jaką w nich odgrywało papiestwo. Było to niezbędne dla określenia podłoża ideowego i politycznego, na jakim stworzono koncepcję ikonograficzną radełka. Przeanalizowano również wzorce ikonograficzne portretów przedstawionych w medalionach. Wskazano ich pierwowzory wśród dzieł grafiki, malarstwa, a także numizmatyki (monety i medale).
EN
In 2013 an unknown volume from the collection of books of bishop Erazm Ciołek, an eminent renaissance bibliophile, was discovered in the Raczyński Library in Poznań. The binding of the book features several impressions of a heraldic super ex libris, whereas the lining pasted on the inside of the covers is scrap printing paper from the Jan Haller printing house. In view of an enormous historical value of the volume and scarce knowledge of Ciołek's bibliophilic profile, the binding was set against the other presently known bindings from the bishops' book collection. As a result it was established that he availed himself of the services of the Krakow book binders Piotr Wald and Henryk Sussmund; moreover, he also used at least four kinds of super ex libris, out of which two have a characteristic Italinizing form of the testa di cavallo type. A typographic analysis of the scrap paper revealed that it is probably a fragment of a 'prognostic' that did not survive in any other copy.
EN
The present article begins with an analysis of a binding from the book collection of Jan Łaski (1499–1560) that has been recently discovered. The description aims to focus on characteristic elements indicating the Italian influence in the ornamentation of the covers. The characteristic features of the work are compared against the background of Italian Renaissance bookbinding traditions, in particular with that of the bookbinding workmanship distinguishing and representative of the group of bookbinders from Venice. A particular attention is given to the superexlibris stamped on the front cover with its form copying the characteristic type of the Italian shield of testa di cavallo form. The author then proceeds to discuss the issue of the place of manufacture of the binding and its authorship. The provided comparative analysis with other Italian-influenced bindings manufactured in Cracow in the 1520s shows that its authorship can be attributed to Maciej of Przasnysz, defined in literature as the Master of Cherub Heads. Advanced Renaissance forms in the works of this bookbinder, including the bindings from the Poznań collection, may prove him to be one of the leading European book artisans, who was capable of immediate absorbing the most recent and contemporary trends in bookbinding in Italy.
PL
Punktem wyjścia artykułu jest analiza nowo odkrytej oprawy z księgozbioru Jana Łaskiego (1499–1560). Nacisk położono na charakterystyczne składniki italianizującej dekoracji okładzin. Dzieło zostało osadzone na tle renesansowego introligatorstwa włoskiego, w tym głównie dorobku introligatorów skupionych w środowisku weneckim. Osobną uwagę poświęcono superekslibrisowi w formie naśladującej charakterystyczny typ włoskiej tarczy herbowej testa di cavallo. W dalszej części poruszono kwestię miejsca wykonania oprawy oraz jej autora. Z dokonanej analizy porównawczej z italianizującymi oprawami krakowskimi z lat 20. XVI wieku wynika, że jest to dzieło Macieja z Przasnysza, określanego w literaturze jako Mistrz Główek Anielskich. Zaawansowane formy renesansowe dzieł tego introligatora, w tym oprawy z poznańskich zbiorów, przesądzić muszą o uznaniu go za czołowego europejskiego twórcę, błyskawicznie przyswajającego nawet najświeższe tendencje w introligatorstwie Italii.
EN
This article reports on a set of remarks on the characteristic types of private ownership marks that are to be fund in the incunabula currently held in the collection of old and rare books at Poznań University Library. The marks of ownership are analyzed and positioned against the cultural phenomena of the late Middle Ages and early decades of Renaissance in Europe and Poland. First, the hand-painted bookplate (the earliest form of book plates) is discussed. This analysis is then followed by descriptions of the sketched altar model (bookplate depicting an altar) with the coat-of-arms of the donator pasted into a book as an object of devotion and, presumably, a proper mark of ownership, then the so-called clasp hasp bookplate (in German language: Schließen-Exlibris), placed on the hasp of the clasp on the binding. Finally, names inscribed on the inside front cover of a book that indicated its owner or owners, and individual family crests placed on title pages are discussed. Separate attention is given to graphical bookplates, in particular to unique pieces of ornamentation that relate to the anonymous book collector with the exhibited noble Rawicz coat of arms, as well as to book plates imprinted directly onto pages of books.
PL
Artykuł stanowi Zbiór uwag dotyczących charakterystycznych kategorii Dodaj znakow własnościowych książki, znajdujących Się w inkunabułach ZE Zbiorów Biblioteki Uniwersyteckiej w Poznaniu, osadzonych na TLE zjawisk kulturowych późnego średniowiecza i początków renesansu w Europie IW Polsce. Analizie zostały poddane: ekslibris malowany (protoekslibris), rysunkowy wzór ołtarza herbem fundatora wklejony oo nie Książki Jako Przedmiot dewocji í prawdopodobnie znak Własności, TZW. superekslibris zapięciowy umieszczony na zaczepie zapięcia oprawy, nazwiska właścicieli ksiąg zapisane na okładzinach opraw, herby rysowane na stronach tytułowych. Osobną uwagę poświęcono ekslibrisom graficznym, w Tym zwłaszcza unikatowym dziełom związanym z anonimowym bibliofilem herbu Rawicz, Oraz ekslibrisom odbijanym bezpośrednio na kartach ksiąg.
EN
The article (based on the queries carried out in the last decade) presents the remarks on the status of works of Polish bookbinders (and foreign bookbinders who have worked on the Polish lands) since the Middle Ages to the 1st half of the 20th century. The discussed works are kept in libraries and museums as well as in private collections in Europe and the United States. In particular, it refers to institutions that keep the greatest amount and/ or the most valuable Polish bindings (especially Russia, Sweden, Germany and France). Particular attention is paid to the circumstances – often dramatic – in which those works became a part of foreign collections in the course of the centuries. The author on the one hand discusses evaluation of advancements in identification/inventory of those works provided by foreign and Polish researchers, and on the other outlines the research perspectives concerning this characteristic category of Polonica.
PL
W artykule, bazującym na kwerendach przeprowadzonych w ostatniej dekadzie, zaprezentowano ustalenia dotyczące statusu znajdujących się w placówkach bibliotecznych i muzealnych oraz w zbiorach prywatnych w Europie i Stanach Zjednoczonych dzieł polskich introligatorów (oraz introligatorów obcych działających na ziemiach polskich) od średniowiecza do pierwszej połowy XX w. Przedmiotem szczególnego zainteresowania stały się te instytucje, w których przechowuje się największą liczbę opraw polskich bądź najcenniejsze z nich (a więc przede wszystkim z obszaru Rosji, Szwecji, Niemiec i Francji). Osobną uwagę poświęcono okolicznościom – nierzadko dramatycznym – w jakich na przestrzeni dziejów zabytki te znalazły się poza krajem. Spróbowano też ocenić stopień identyfikacji/inwentaryzacji tych dzieł przez badaczy zagranicznych i polskich, ponadto zarysowano perspektywy badawcze tyczące się owej charakterystycznej kategorii poloników.
EN
The article is a response to the extensive review by Maria Cubrzyńska-Leonarczyk concerning the first Polish monograph of superexlibris from the Middle Ages to the half of the 17th century, which I published in 2016. Primarily, it contains rectifications of numerous concealments and mistakes that the Reviewer has made in her article. According to the author of the response to the review many of them are the consequence of a doctrinaire and anachronistic interpretation of the notion of superexlibris, which origins from the opinions of Kazimierz Piekarski (1920s – 1930s). Moreover, the author points out a range of interesting and inspiring remarks and discoveries of the Reviewer.
DE
Der Artikel ist einem heraldischen Exlibris gewidmet, das in der polnischen Fachliteratur bisher als Buchzeichen der Posener Stadtratsbibliothek aus dem 16.-17. Jahrhundert fungiert. Es wurde in Linolschnittechnik ausgeführt und stellt einen Schild mit Wappenbild, Helm und von zwei Löwen gehaltenem Kleinod dar. Die Gesamtkomposition befindet sich in einer Umrandung aus Lorbeerblättern. In Wirklichkeit gehörte das Exlibris, wie eine genaue künstlerisch-heraldische Analyse ergab, Baron Ludwig Simon Juda Schimmelpfennig (de Schimmelpennink van der Oye, 1708-1772), einem privaten Buchliebhaber aus dem Ermland, Domherr in Dobre Miasto (Guttstadt), Pfarrer in Kiwity, Ryna Reszelska (bei Rössel) und Rogóż. Seine Bibliothek bestand vorwiegend aus Werken mit religiöser Thematik, die er dem Jesuitenkloster in Swieta Lipka (Heiligenlinde) testamentarisch vermachte. Nach dem Krieg gelangte sie zusammen mit den aus diesem Kloster stammenden Frühdrucken in die Bibliothek des Bobolanum in Warschau, wo sie sich bis heute befindet. Die Untersuchung dieser Büchersammlung ergab, daß noch zwei weitere, in der Literatur unbekannte Exlibris von Schimmelpfennig existieren. Eines davon bildet eine Variante des aus der Literatur bekannten Exlibris (mit ihm ist die überwiegende Mehrheit der Bücher beklebt), das zweite dagegen basiert, obwohl es ebenfalls das Wappen des Besitzers darstellt, auf einer anderen Komposition und stammt höchstwahrscheinlich von einem anderen Künstler. Alle diese Exlibris sind höchstwahrscheinlich nach der Mitte des 18. Jahrhunderts entstanden, wovon die Eigentumsvermerke des Sammlers zeugen. Diese Vermerke gibt es in zwei Ausführungen: die die Personalien und ein Verzeichnis der kirchlichen Funktionen des Sammlers enthaltenden Identifikationsvermerke (welche wahrscheinlich vom Besitzer selbst stammen) und die sich auf sein Legat beziehenden Memorativvermerke (welche von anderer Hand stammen). Sie befinden sich in den Büchern meistens zusammen mit dem Exlibris (dann auf dem Vordersatz), viel seltener auf einem anderen Blatt oder selbständig - ohne Exlibris.
EN
The article focuses on the binding of the incunabulum from the book collection of one of the greatest Polish Renaissance bibliophiles, Jan Lubrański Bishop of Poznań. The great value of this historical monument, discovered in 2012 in the Library of the Seminary in Włocławek, results from the fact that it is one of the few volumes that remained from hierarch’s extensive book collection, and also the only one, so far discovered, marked with his supralibros. The article starts with a biographical outline of Bishop Lubrański, with special attention paid to his bibliophilic activity. Then, the author presents a detailed formal and stylistic analysis of the binding against the background of bookbinding of the Polish leading centers in this fi eld in the late fi fteenth and sixteenth centuries. The result is the hypotheses concerning the time and place of its creation, which point to the unknown bookbinding workshop in Cracow or Poznań, operating in the fi rst two decades of the sixteenth century. Finally, the author attempts to trace the history of the book from the time of Lubrański up to its discovery in the collections of Włocławek.
EN
This paper is devoted to a precious sobiescianum from the Kórnik Library’s collection of manuscripts – the binding of a hand-written panegyric with emblems by Johann Jakob Rollos, dedicated to King John III Sobieski. This piece of bookbinding art is marked by its restrained although exquisite decoration centred around the monarch’s supralibros in the form of a monogram under a royal crown, encircled by palm branches. First, the binding is analysed in terms of its materials, technique, and decoration. Conclusions from the analysis were used to situate the work in the context of French 17th-c. bookbinding, which led to the conclusion that it is a classic example of an à la Duseuil (à la Du Seuil) binding, which has numerous counterparts in the output of French bookbinders of the Baroque era. The genesis of the form of the supralibros is then analysed, indicating French sample design books presenting inter alia designs of monograms. Analogies between the Sobieski’s supralibros and the French supralibros with a monogram or an escutcheon under a crown and encircled by palm branches or similar motifs turned out to be significant. Attention was also devoted to the genesis of the form of the marbled paper from which the endpapers were made. Finally, it was attempted to situate the book in the context of John III Sobieski’s book collection, from which only a handful of volumes have managed to survive until our own times. Attention was also paid to the issue of the royal monograms in Poland in the last years of the 17th century and the first decades of the 18th century.
PL
Artykuł poświęcony jest cennemu sobiescianum z kolekcji rękopisów PAN Biblioteki Kórnickiej – oprawie rękopiśmiennego panegiryku z emblematami autorstwa Johanna Jakoba Rollosa dedykowanego królowi Janowi III Sobieskiemu. To dzieło introligatorskie odznacza się powściągliwą, choć wytworną dekoracją, w centrum której widnieje superekslibris władcy w formie monogramu pod koroną królewską i w ujęciu gałązek palmowych. W pierwszej kolejności dokonano analizy oprawy pod względem materiałowo-technicznym i dekoracyjnym. Wnioski z analizy wykorzystano do osadzenia dzieła na tle francuskiego introligatorstwa XVII wieku, co doprowadziło do wniosku, że jest to klasyczny przykład oprawy w stylu à la Duseuil ( à la Du Seuil), mający liczne odpowiedniki w dorobku francuskich introligatorów ery baroku. W dalszej kolejności przeanalizowano genezę formy superekslibrisu, wskazując na francuskie wzorniki graficzne, prezentujące m.in. projekty monogramów. Istotne okazały się analogie między superekslibrisem Sobieskiego a francuskimi superekslibrisami z monogramem lub tarczą herbową pod koroną i otoczoną gałązkami palmowymi bądź podobnymi motywami. Uwagę poświęcono też genezie formy papieru marmurkowego, z którego wykonano wyklejki. Na końcu podjęto się próby osadzenia tej księgi na tle księgozbioru Jana III Sobieskiego, z którego do dziś zachowała się jedynie drobna część woluminów. Zwrócono też uwagę na problem monogramów królewskich w Polsce ostatnich lat XVII i pierwszych dekad XVIII wieku.
EN
Te numerous cimelia of the Kórnik Library include Stanisław Sarnicki’s work Descriptio veteris ac novae Poloniae, printed by Aleksy Rodecki in Cracow in 1585. It is protected by a parchment binding with orientalising decoration marked with a supralibros dedicated by Jan Sienieński to King Stephen Báthory. In view of a scant number of the surviving bookbinding bathoriana, the paper provides a book cover-focused analysis of the work. It makes it possible to examine the binding against the Polish bookbinding art of the late 16th century, identify its maker, link it to other bindings of printed books from Báthory’s book collection, and picture the connections between the decoration of the covers and the illustrations of the publication the binding protected.
PL
Wśród licznych cymeliów Biblioteki Kórnickiej znajduje się dzieło Stanisława Sarnickiego pt. Descriptio veteris ac novae Poloniae, wydrukowane w 1585 r. przez Aleksego Rodeckiego w Krakowie. Chroni je oprawa pergaminowa z dekoracją w typie orientalizującym, oznaczona superekslibrisem dedykacyjnym od Jana Sienieńskiego dla króla Stefana Batorego. Wobec nikłej liczby introligatorskich bathorianów, które zachowały się do dzisiaj, w tekście podjęto analizę tegumentologiczną tego dzieła. Pozwala ona na osadzenie oprawy na tle rodzimej twórczości introligatorskiej schyłku XVI w., określenie jej wykonawcy, powiązanie z innymi oprawami druków z księgozbioru Batorego, a także zobrazowanie powiązań między dekoracją okładzin a szatą ilustracją chronionej przez nią publikacji.
PL
In 2012 in the Library of Major Seminary in Włocławek a volume was discovered with two Wittenberg’s protestant prints (1557 and 1560) in a characteristic binding made from yellow leather with Mikołaj Koryciński’s superexlibris on it (1548‑1615). On the inner side of the upper cover there is a Latin inscription from 1560, made probably by Philip Melanchton or another, anonymous Philip (maybe student of Wittenberg’s Leucorea?). In the article a hypothetical history of contacts between Melanchton and a Polish nobleman, during his studying in Wittenberg since 1559 is reproduced. First the biography of Koryciński is reconstructed, next close relations between the famous German reformer and Polish nobility are described. Their important feature was Wittenberg’s professor’s affection for students from Poland and other Slavic countries. Perhaps Melanchton gave the book to Koryciński or enrolled himself in the book, which Koryciński had owned before, because he strived to win over younger nobleman’s son to himself and Lutheran religion. Furthermore, he could have also strived to spread information about particular contacts, which connected him with Gorka family from Poznań: in one of the prints Melanchton’s dedication to Stanisław Gorka is placed. The analysis of the binding of the book, which belonged to the Polish student proves that it is work of a Wittenberg’s bookbinder Caspar Kraft‑senior, working since 1563. It has got numerous, typical features of book bindings of the so‑called „Wittenberger Stil”. Probably in the same workshop Koryciński ordered the superexlibris, which clearly differed from other Polish superexlibrises originating from the same period. As a result of that, the book is a hypothetical vestige of attention which Melanchton showed to the Polish student, but also a proof of Koryciński’s interrest for new religious ideas. Finally, the characteristic shape of the book binding and superexlibris indicate that Koryciński provided himself with books from the city in which he was living, and he ordered their bindings and the ownership mark there.
|
2011
|
vol. 4
|
issue 1(6)
135-143
EN
The article presents a book on the most precious old books from the special collections of the Library of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz. The book, written by the long-time director and the founder of the Library, gives the reader a unique opportunity to learn of precious prints usually hidden from their eyes, from printing houses located in such cities as Basel, Maintz or Antwerp. The book not only records the most unique items from the Library's collection, but also describes their origins, their distinctive features and presents some of their most interesting pages.
EN
The article focuses on a copy of Andreas Vesalius’ famous work De humani corporis fabrica libri septem (Basel, J. Oporinus, 1543), currently kept in the Wrocław Ossolineum. The authors examine first of all the fate of the book from the 16th century till the present, an analysis facilitated by e.g. Sylwester Roguski’s ownership note placed on the title page in 1586. Next, they analyse the binding made in Master David’s Kraków workshop. The analysis suggests that the book was purchased and then bound for Sigismund Augustus between 1543 and 1547. Consequently, it appears as the only known book from the king’s collection before it began to be systematically expanded in 1547 on a large scale.
EN
The subject of the article is the discovered prayer book of the bishop of Chełmno Wikbold Dobilstein (1363–1385). As the history of the manuscript is closely connected with the fate of its owner, the fi rst part of the article addresses the biography of the bishop, particularly the years spent „in exile”: Wikbold left the diocese in 1376 aft er a conflict with local knights and the Teutonic Order. He first settled down in the court of Karthaus (Kartuzy) in Koblenz, and later in the Cistercian Abbey in Altenberg. This was probably the time when the prayer book containing works belonging to the Rhine mystical school were created. It has an impressive cover made by an unknown bookbinder from Cologne from the circle of the Master of the Book of Vows in the second half of the 1370s- the 1380s. The bishop probably bequeathed the prayer book to his library in the castle in Lubawa – it later became the property of the Bernandine convent there. After the convent was cassated in 1821, the prayer book was passed over to the library of a secondary school in Chojnice, and in 1946 it was transported to the University Library in Toruń. It was not until recent years that the abbreviated name of its author was identified as Wikbold Dobilsten.
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