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Excessive body mass and its correlation with hypertension – a review of the literature

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Justyna Wyszyńska J., Justyna Podgórska-Bednarz J., Artur Mazur A.
Medical Review
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2016
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issue 2
2019-2019
EN
Hypertension is a serious health issue both in Poland and worldwide. It has been demonstrated that hypertension diagnosed in childhood persists in adulthood. Therefore, knowledge of the risk factors, prophylaxis and treatment of hypertension are crucial due to its serious medical and social consequences. Early identification of risk factors for hypertension allows to implement targeted preventive actions leading to the modification of habits connected with lifestyle, which in turn may lead to a reduction in the incidence of the disease or reduce its effects. The aim of the paper is to characterize the relationship between the occurrence of excessive body mass and hypertension in adults and in children and adolescents. Material and methods. A review of Polish and foreign literature mainly from the last 10 years. The following databases were searched: PubMed, EBSCO, Science Direct, Termedia, Polish Medical Bibliography.
PL
Nadciśnienie tętnicze stanowi poważny problem zdrowotny zarówno w Polsce, jak i na całym świecie. Wykazano, że nadciśnienie tętnicze rozpoznane w dzieciństwie utrzymuje się również w okresie dorosłości. Dlatego znajomość czynników ryzyka, profilaktyka i leczenie nadciśnienia tętniczego jest niezwykle ważne ze względu na jego poważne konsekwencje zdrowotne i społeczne. Wczesna identyfikacja czynników ryzyka nadciśnienia tętniczego pozwala na wdrożenie ukierunkowanego działania prewencyjnego prowadzącego do modyfikacji nawyków związanych ze stylem życia, co w konsekwencji może doprowadzić do zmniejszenia zachorowalności na tę chorobę lub ograniczenia jej skutków. Celem pracy jest charakterystyka zależności pomiędzy występowaniem nadmiernej masy ciała i nadciśnienia tętniczego u osób dorosłych oraz w populacji wieku rozwojowego. Materiał i metoda. Dokonano przeglądu piśmiennictwa. Przeszukano następujące bazy danych: PubMed, EBSCO, Science Direct, Termedia, Polska Bibliografia Lekarska. krajowego i zagranicznego, głównie z ostatnich 10 lat.
2
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Extracorporeal shock wave therapy in the treatment of plantar fasciitis

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Justyna Wyszyńska J., Justyna Podgórska-Bednarz J., Anna Świtała A., Julian Skrzypiec J.
Medical Review
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2016
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issue 4
465-472
EN
Plantar fasciitis is reported as the most common cause of chronic plantar heel pain. An extra-corporeal shock waves have been used in the treatment of plantar fasciitis with promising results. The purpose of this paper was to present results from randomized controlled trials to estimate of the effectiveness of ESWT in the treatment of plantar fasciitis. Method: MEDLINE, EBCO, PubMed, ScienceDirect and SpringerLink databases were searched, using the keywords: ESWT, plantar fasciitis, shock wave, randomized clinical trials. Results: Ten randomized clinical trials was critically appraised. Eight studies report significant decreases in pain symptoms and better function scores associated with an extra-corporeal shock wave therapy. However two studies show no meaningful improvement of clinical outcome in patients treated with extracorporeal shock wave therapy for chronic plantar fasciitis compared with placebo. Summary: In most cases shockwaves therapy was a safe and effective method for treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis and helped the patient to avoid surgery for recalcitrant heel pain but warrants further larger studies.
PL
Zapalenie powięzi podeszwy jest najczęstszą przyczyną przewlekłego bólu podeszwowej strony pięty. Wyniki terapii zapalenia powięzi podeszwy zewnętrzną falą uderzeniową są obiecujące. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie wyników randomizowanych badań klinicznych mających na celu ocenę skuteczności fali uderzeniowej w terapii zapalenia powięzi podeszwy. Metody: Analizą objęto doniesienia opublikowane w bazach: MEDLINE, EBCO, PubMed, ScienceDirect oraz SpringerLink. Użyte słowa kluczowe: terapia zewnętrzną falą uderzeniową, zapalenie powięzi podeszwy, randomizowane badania kliniczne. Wyniki: Wyniki dziesięciu randomizowanych badań klinicznych zostały objęte analizą. Analiza wyników ośmiu z nich wskazuje na istotne zmniejszenie dolegliwości bólowych oraz polepszenie funkcji u pacjentów leczonych przy użyesticiu fali uderzeniowej. Natomiast wyniki pozostałych dwóch badań nie wskazują na znaczącą poprawę stanu pacjentów leczonych falą uderzeniową w porównaniu z grupą kontrolną pacjentów nieotrzymującą leczenia. Podsumowanie: W większości przypadków terapia zewnętrzną falą uderzeniową jest efektywną metodą leczenia zapalenia powięzi podeszwy, pomaga pacjentom uniknąć leczenia operacyjnego,jednakże celowe byłoby przeprowadzanie badań klinicznych obejmujących liczną grupę pacjentów.
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Selected factors influencing the level of physical activity in the elderly

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Justyna Wyszyńska J., Katarzyna Dereń K., Iwona Hausner I., Artur Mazur A.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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2018
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issue 3
184-189
EN
Introduction. It is commonly known that physical activity has great influence on the quality of life and health in the people of all age groups. Physical activity has a beneficial influence on both functional and locomotive abilities, the dynamics of which deteriorates during the process of aging, and this in turn has an impact upon satisfaction of basic biological, social and psychological needs. Aim. The main purpose of this study was an assessment of selected factors affecting the level of physical activity in the elderly. Material and methods. The study group consisted of 100 participants (85 women and 15 men), aged from 65 to 69 years old. An International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) - Polish long version was used. Results. A high level of physical activity was reached by 44 participants, moderate level of physical activity was noted in 53 participants, and low in physical activity was found in 3 participants. Older the subjects reached lower MET value in case of job-related physical activity and higher MET value in case of physical activity in free time and total intense effort. Conclusion. The level of job-related physical activity, the level of physical activity in free time and the total intense level of activity depended on the age of the subjects. There were no association between the level of total physical activity and sex, place of residence and BMI of participants.
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Selected factors influencing physical fitness in the elderly

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Agnieszka Wybraniec A., Miłosz Boguszewski M., Norbert Nizio N., Justyna Wyszyńska J., Justyna Drzał-Grabiec J.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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2019
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issue 1
45-50
EN
Introduction. In effect of the ageing process, there are involutional changes in older adults both in the mental and in the physical spheres. Some factors may slow down the ageing process. Physical activity is one of these factors. Physical ability is one of the most important indicators of quality of life of older adults, and it can be shaped by physical activity. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess chosen factors that influence physical ability of adults older than 65 years. Material and methods. The study involved 63 older adults. The criterion for inclusion in the study was the age - older than 65 years. There were 37 women and 26 men in the study population. All the subjects were able to walk without assistance, and they had no contraindications to do functional tests. We used a questionnaire of our own design, three SPPB trials, Up&Go test; we calculated the BMI indices and assessed depression scale. Results. We found that older adults rarely engage in physical activity. The low level of physical activity of the older adults was reflected in equally low physical ability level, as assessed by functional tests. We found a directly proportional dependence between body mass and the level of functional limitations and risk of falls. Conclusion. In our functional tests, we found a statistically significant correlation with regard to age and BMI index.
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Assessment of the effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation therapy on the improvement of motor function in a patient after total hip replacement – a case study

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Agnieszka Guzik A., Anna Szpitman (, Mariusz Drużbicki M., Justyna Wyszyńska J., Andżelina Wolan-Nieroda A.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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2017
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issue 3
287–294
EN
Hip osteoarthritis is a serious clinical and social problem. The number of patients who suffer from degenerative changes in the hip joints and require endoprosthesis-plasty is constantly increasing. This paper presents physiotherapeutic activities based on Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) which optimize a patient’s mobilization using the reserves in their body fully to make improvements in movement and to regain lost functions for achieving beneficial therapeutic effects. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of PNF therapy on changes in muscle strength, mobility, and gait pattern in patients after Total Hip Arthroplasty. The case described here regards a 63-year-old woman diagnosed with left hip osteoarthritis who had Total Hip Arthroplasty. The patient was examined twice before and after PNF therapy. The range of mobility of hip joints, level of pain, muscular strength and gait were assessed. Applied PNF therapy, including dynamic (eccentric, concentric) and static muscle training, post-isometric relaxation, stabilization and control in the stance phase, resulted in improved hip joint mobility, muscle strength, gait pattern and pain reduction in the patient. The case study demonstrates that a short (two-week) but intensive (over two hours per day) PNF therapy positively influenced selected motor functions after Total Hip Arthroplasty.
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Physical activity in postmenopausal women

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Gabriela Szufnara-Wójcik G., Miłosz Boguszewski M., Norbert Nizio N., Justyna Wyszyńska J., Justyna Drzał-Grabiec J.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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2018
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issue 4
300-307
EN
Introduction. Menopause is the time when the female body goes through substantial endocrine changes resultant from the gradual phasing out of the reproductive activity of the ovaries. Consequently, post-menopausal women face some perimenopausal symptoms. These symptoms affect everyday physical and psychological functioning to various extent, and result in certain limitations. Aim. The aim of this paper was to study which limitations are most difficult for postmenopausal women, and how menopause symptoms affect women’s physical activity and satisfaction with life, as these are important components of quality of life. Materials and methods. The study involved 60 postmenopausal women. We used our own questionnaire. Results. We did not find the remaining relationships enumerated in research questions: the impact of menopausal syndromes on the frequency of physical activity, on its intensity, and on satisfaction with life, nor with the impact of subjective health on intensity of physical effort. Conclusions. We confirmed the relationship between intensity of physical effort and satisfaction with life and the relationship between subjective assessment of one’s health and the frequency of physical activity.
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The assessment of the impact of myofascial training on postural control – a case study

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Agnieszka Guzik A., Bartłomiej Chwaszcz B., Mariusz Drużbicki M., Andżelina Wolan-Nieroda A., Justyna Wyszyńska J.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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2017
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issue 1
71-77
EN
Introduction. A sedentary lifestyle with lack of physical activity contributes to deteriorated balance among healthy young people. Physical activity is import_ant since it stimulates neuromuscular junctions that control body posture, especially at younger age, when greater postural sway may be observed in stabilography compared to adults. Proper work of individual muscle groups is import_ant to maintain proper balance. Abnormal muscle tone can lead to dysbalances that make it difficult o maintain a stable posture in a variety of conditions. Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a training cycle consisting of stretching of the ilopsoas, rectus femoris, gluteus maximus, hamstring and rectus abdominis, and eccentric training of the above mentioned muscles to improve static and dynamic balance. Methods. Oobjective and qualitative-subjective were used to assess the results in a man aged 22 yrs. Postural control was tested twice in the patient with the Neurocom International Inc. SMART EquiTest device under static conditions without visual control and with dynamic visual surrounding and unstable support surface. Automatic postural reflexes were also evaluated. In addition, clinical tests were performed. Results. Myo-fascial training, which included eccentric training combined with lower limb and trunk stretching improved the postural control in the subject.
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Risk factors for overweight and obesity in pre-school children

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Ewelina Polak E., Katarzyna Dereń K., Edyta Łuszczki E., Justyna Wyszyńska J., Adriana Piątek A., Artur Mazur A.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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2018
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issue 1
5-13
EN
Introduction. Obesity in children and adolescents is a growing problem in the 21st century. The epidemic of chronic non-communicable diseases resulting from obesity is currently one of the biggest problems of modern medicine. Excessive body weight is the result of a long-lasting imbalance between the amount of energy supplied and its expenditure. Energy regulation of the body is subject to both genetic and environmental factors. Among other things, due to this, the problem of excessive body weight is most severe in societies with a high degree of socio-economic development. The aim of this paper is to determine the influence of selected environmental and social factors on the occurrence of overweight and obesity in pre-school children. Material and methods. The study included pre-school children from south-eastern Poland. After obtaining the consent from parents, 200 children (87 boys, 113 girls) aged 3 to 6 years were examined. A questionnaire used for the research was derived from the program: European Pilot Study Evaluating the Influence of Local Promotional Activities on Prevention of Obesity in Pre-school Children. In the subjects, body weight was measured on an electronic scale three times and the body height was measured three times using a stadiometer. Obesity was determined according to the criteria developed by the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF). Results. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children amounted to 6.4% in 3-year-olds, 11.3% in 4-year-olds, 17.7% in 5-year-olds, and 20.7% in 6-year-olds. A factor significantly increasing the risk of obesity among the examined girls and boys was the mother’s BMI index. Conclusion. Although knowledge about the factors that promote overweight and obesity is common, it is still a common health problem. Particular attention should be paid to the prevention of obesity in children of parents with a BMI above 30 kg m2. Early maternal education can change the lifestyle of the whole family.
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Cervical spine injuries in Poland – epidemiology, divisions, and causes

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Andżelina Wolan-Nieroda A., Andrzej Maciejczak A., Agnieszka Guzik A., Grzegorz Przysada G., Justyna Wyszyńska J., Ewa Szeliga E.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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2017
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issue 1
66-70
EN
Aim. The aim of the study was to review the literature on the prevalence of cervical spine injuries divided between the level of the injury and the causes of fractures. Material and methods. A review of Polish and foreign literature was performed. The following databases were searched: PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, Termedia, and Polish Medical Bibliography. Literature analysis. In Poland the incidence of spinal injuries, including damage to the cord, is estimated at the level of 25–35 persons per one million of the population, half of these being cervical spine injuries. More than one in three of all spinal injuries affect the atlantoaxial and occipital area. It is estimated that axis fractures occur in up to 40% of the cases involving cervical spine injury. Odontoid fractures constitute 10–15% of all cervical spine fractures. Hangman fractures account for 20% of vertebral fractures. Cervical spine injuries more frequently occur in males than in females, and the relevant rates for males are from 1.5 to 2.7 times higher. The most common causes of cervical spine injuries include road traffic accidents, accounting for 33 to 75% of the cases, falls from heights (15–44%) and sports injuries (4–18%). Cervical spine injuries are most often diagnosed in subjects over thirty years of age. Such injuries most commonly are related to the second, fifth and sixth cervical vertebrae. On the other hand damage to the first and second cervical vertebrae is often observed in the same patients who are found with injury to lower cervical vertebrae (approx. 9% of the cases). In the group of advanced age subjects the most frequent cervical spine injuries are axial fractures and they are diagnosed in 15% of adult patients with cervical spine fractures.
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Nutritional behavior of pregnant women from the Podkarpacie province

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Katarzyna Dereń K., Magdalena Gaweł M., Edyta Łuszczki E., Sara Jarmakiewicz S., Aneta Sokal A., Ewelina Polak E., Justyna Wyszyńska J.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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2017
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issue 4
322-329
EN
Introduction. Healthy nutrition is very important during pregnancy for both a baby and a mother. Modification of metabolic and hormonal processes i.e. metabolic programming occurs already at the prenatal stage. This process significantly affects the baby’s health and eating habits at a later age. The diet of a pregnant woman should supplement the demand for energy, nutrients, vitamins and minerals. An expecting woman needs to also avoid products that are contraindicated during this period, such as raw milk, eggs or meat. Aim. Assessment of nutritional behavior of pregnant women from the Podkarpacie province. Materials and method. 228 women living in the Podkarpackie province were enrolled in the study. Surveys were collected via the Internet. An anonymous questionnaire developed by the authors was used. Results. Women’s eating habits are primarily influenced by education. Most women had knowledge about proper nutrition and awareness of its impact on the health of the baby. A worrying fact was a very low intake of dairy products. 44% of women consumed dairy products only once a day. Fruit and vegetables consumption was also low (40% of the respondents ate only from 100 to 200 g during the day). Conclusions. Although part of the eating habits of pregnant women is correct, nutritional education should be introduced in this group, especially related to the adequate supply of dairy products, fruit and vegetables to supplement the necessary vitamins, minerals and protein.
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Association between body mass and physical activity with quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

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Anna Świtała A., Justyna Wyszyńska J., Kinga Czerwińska K., Katarzyna Dereń K., Justyna Podgórska-Bednarz J., Agnieszka Guzik A.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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2017
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issue 3
200–205
EN
Introduction. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive joint condition that leads to joints destruction and complications in the internal organs and significantly affects the a patient’s functional, physical, psychological and social condition. Over the last few years, research into the quality of life (QoL) in people with chronic disease has been conducted to assess the results of treatment. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess QoL in various areas of life in regards to physical and mental functioning, social relations, and environmental influences in people with RA. Material and methods. The study group (subjects with RA) and the control group (subjects without RA) consisted of 48 people each. Subject age ranged from 19 to 68. In order to assess QoL, the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used, while socio-demographic data were assessed with a questionnaire developed by the authors. Results. QoL in people with RA was lower than that of healthy individuals. The worst QoL was observed in the physical domain. No statistically significant association was found between BMI and QoL. It was found, however, that subjects with RA and a higher level of physical activity had a better QoL than those with a lower level of physical activity. Conclusion. There was no association between the body mass of RA patients and QoL assessment. However, an association was found between the level of physical activity in people with RA and QoL in the physical and environmental domain.
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Risk factors and the incidence of overweight and obesity in pre-school children from the southern part of Poland

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Katarzyna Dereń K., Sara Jarmakiewicz S., Aneta Sokal A., Edyta Łuszczki E., Elżbieta Motyka E., Justyna Wyszyńska J., Regina Kowal R., Artur Mazur A.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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2018
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issue 2
97-102
EN
Introduction. In recent years there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in humans. It turns out that the problem is not limited to adults; excessive body weight is occurring in children more often. Aim. The main purpose of this work was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in preschool children from the Rzeszów district, and to determine risk factors for occurrence. Materials and survey method. The study was conducted among 200 preschool children (3 - 6 years of age) from the Rzeszów poviat area. Measurements of height, weight, and determination of BMI were performed and these values are standardized according to the WHO centile grids appropriate for each age group. Survey results. Normal weight was observed in 58% of the respondents, 11% were overweight, and 10.5% were obese, whereas 20.5% of children had undernourishment. Obese children were the largest group among 6-year-olds. Among 4 year old children, abnormal body weight were more frequent in boys. On the other hand, in children aged 5 years, undernourishment or overweight was found more frequently in girls. Conclusions. The study did not confirm a significant relationship between gender, place of residence and socio-economic situation of respondents, and the prevalence of overweight or obesity. The results of this study indicate that the problem of excessive body weight refers to the increasing number of children.
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