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EN
Nowadays, the concept of clusters is being indiscriminately accepted as an important path to the competitiveness of industries and spatial units. The aim of the paper is to present the concept of the (regional industrial) clusters pointing to its historic predecessors. Above all, reasons that cause its ambiguity and the confronting attitudes of the scientific and political authorities are discussed. Based on the literature study, the problems connected with an especially free and flexible definition and delimitation of clusters are emphasized, as they may offer pragmatic and simple solutions but also cause the numerous theoretical/methodological problems. The paper concentrates on problems associated with identification of the clusters and choice of appropriate methodical approaches for its industrial and spatial delimitation. Some risks connected with the general glorification of the role of clusters in industrial and regional development without taking into account the local and regional specific features are also pointed to.
EN
Industry used to be the decisive branch of Slovakia's national economy until 1989. The aim of the article is to point to regional aspects of de-industrialising process in Slovakia by means of calculation of size of industrial centres (industrial centres represent the basic units of industrial regionalisation) and their share in regional employment for two time horizons. Comparison of regional differences of industrial employment in the pre-transition and post-transition periods shows a persisting spatial inertia in the distribution of industry. In spite of uniqueness of some impacts of transition process on the life of society, two basic spatial dichotomies survive in the regional structure of industry in Slovakia: west - east and core - periphery.
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