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Design of the Future – the Future of Design: How Can Design Imponderables Be Sized Up?: Monika Rosińska, „Utopie dizajnu. Pomiędzy afirmacją a krytyką nowoczesności”
EN
Runic and ogham inscriptions are contained within a form, place and shape which may pinpoint to a specific message that remains hidden on the level of the text itself. This extra-linguistic and extra-textual dimension of inscriptions was an iconic element of the process of shaping of early oral cultures in their transition to literacy. As Judith Jesch (1998) argues, due to the sole materiality of inscribed stones, which allows to contain words, as well as the fact that inscriptions create a space for convergence of oral and literate cultures, it is possible to pinpoint differences between these two types of cultures. The following article1 seeks to address the issue of transition from orality to literacy on the basis of early ogham and Latin traditions of inscribed stones. The main area of focus here lies in early Welsh inscribed stones, which represent a similar set of characteristics to runic inscribed stones. The extra-linguistic paradigm of these inscriptions allows distinguishing not only the meaning and addressees of the inscription, but also enables recovering information on the circumstances in which inscriptions were probably created.
EN
The article aims at analyzing the concept and purpose of death in the Aeneid, Book 2. In its premise, the concept of death presented within the poem reveals its ethnic, social and cultural tone. The deaths which close eight books of the Aeneid indicate the progress of a main theme: abdicate the past to defend the future. Initially, towards the closing of Book 2 Creusa dies: a loyal, affectionate wife and mother who is nevertheless to be replaced by a young bride chosen for political benefits. The modes and circumstances of the deaths elicit some immediate investigations: first, it seems meaningful that some die in the bloom of youth and others in old age; second, some must die as sacrifices to the gods; third, some are destined to die because they demonstrate furious difficulties to the completion of Aeneas’ duty. Before discussing the concept of death in Book 2 it is essential to introduce the reader into some considerations representing the structure and purpose of Book 2. The authors would like to thank professor Jakub Pigoń (Institute of Classical, Mediterranean and Oriental Studies, University of Wroclaw) for his guidance and insightful remarks throughout the process of writing of this article.
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