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EN
This paper constitutes an attempt to present problems encountered by the translator when he performs community interpreting .The omnipresence of expressions from youth jargon may disturb the process of effective communication which is the main aim of every translation process.
RU
Статья представляет названия гомосексуальных мужчин, существующие в современном русском и польском молодёжном жаргоне. Исследовательский материал был избран из следующих лексикографических публикаций: St. Kania Słownik argotyzmów (Warszawa 1995), B.C. Елистратов Словарь московского арго (Москва 1994), Т.Г. Никитина Так говорит молодёжь. Словарь молодёжного сленга (Санкт-Петербург 1998), В.М. Мокиенко, Т.Г. Никитина Большой словарь русского жаргона (Санкт- Петербург 2000), И. Юганов, Ф. Юганова, Словарь русского сленга (сленговые слова и выражения 60-90-х годов) (Москва 1997). Молодёжь это такая группа общества, для которой характеристично преодолевать всякие нормы и запреты, также языковое табу. Её язык, молодёжный жаргон, указывает на общественное отношение молодых людей ко всем явлениям мира. Непосредственно с языковым табу связаны эвфемизмы, то есть табу является причиной возникновения эвфемизмов. Настоящая статья представляет эвфемизмы называющие мужчин - гомосексуалистов.
EN
The present paper concerns translation of legal language as an act of communication and constitutes an attempt to reconstruct the presuppositions of legally binding statements that appear in messages which are sent in legal language and which are read on the directive level. The problem of the binding of a legal act might seem irrelevant from the point of view of translation. This is so because the descriptive layer of a message does not change depending on whether a given norm enters into force or not, or whether it loses its binding power or not. However, the sender of a message in legal language does not send a message devoid of information concerning legal binding. The latter is the main constitutive element of every message sent in legal language, which in turn results in communication based on presupposition.
EN
Emotions and feelings, which determine mental experiences and activities of individuals, find their reflection in literary works. Love manifests itself externally as a behaviour of an individual, including the language he or she uses to communicate. The article constitutes an attempt to present the linguistic image of the world embodied in a Polish translation from Russian. For that purpose the research material was excerpted from Crime and Punishment, a novel by Fyodor Dostoyevsky.
EN
The article focuses on the structural analysis of 400 verbal nominations referring to love, eroticism and sex excerpted from modern Russian dictionaries. Modern Russian youth jargon remains within the language system and is subjected to its fundamental rules. The structural analysis of research material presented in the article confirms high productivity of the morphemic word formation process. Derivation of verbs from verbal roots is based primarily on prefixation. Application of prefixal formants is highly developed and consti- tutes one of the most characteristic features of the word formation process of sociolectal Russian verbs. Suffixation, in turn, is characteristic of verbs derivated from nominal and adjectival roots. Among all the analyzed examples of jargonisms contaminations are infrequent.
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EN
Prof. Walenty Piłat first co-operated with the Department of Russian Philology in the Higher Pedagogical School (in the mid-70s of the 20th c.). Prof. Piłat with Prof. Albert Bartoszewicz initiated a series of international Slavic conferences which have been organised in Olsztyn biennially until today. He also co-established Acta Polono- -Ruthenica, a scientific journal published in Olsztyn, and was its editor since 2001 to 2016. He always found it extremely important to cooperate with the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University in Kaliningrad. His academic interests have always centred on modern Russian drama, in this field he published extensively both in Poland and abroad. Not only a scientist, but also a teacher, he was a supervisor of a few dozen MA students and a few Ph.D. candidates.
EN
This article presents the description of phraseologisms nominating concepts of love, eroticism and sex in the contemporary Russian youth jargon. The analysis is based on 685 dictionary entries chosen from the contemporary jargon dictionaries.
10
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Komunikacyjny model przekładu tekstu prawnego

63%
EN
The article constitutes an attempt at constructing a model of a legal text translation on the basis of a general scheme of linguistic communication. It takes into account the normative aspect of a legal text, as a result of which the message is received on the descriptive level, i.e. the level of language and legal regulations, as well as on the directive level, which is semantically much deeper and requires applying specific statutory interpretation rules and even validation rules in order to describe legal norms. The presented communication schemes illustrate problems which result from superseding the recipient of a normative message with a replacement recipient, i.e. a translator, who is limited – or not – by their own legal intuition, i.e. the images they have in their mind. The schemes also refer to communication limitations which arise due to the linguistic channel, i.e. the written medium, which comes as a result of the matter that undergoes translation. The schematic approach to the model allows the author to analyze the problems of untranslatability of a legal text.
EN
The present article attempts to take note of some existing problems with the legal texts translation. The legal texts translation has to take into consideration the fact, that the text is experienced in two ways - translated text is the subject to further interpretation. A translator translating the legal text from Russian into Polish faces difficulties with choosing the proper lexems. Russian-Polish translating dictionaries do not always present all the meanings of the given lexems and first and foremost they do not always consider language of the law. A translator himself has to use in a translation a inner sentence context, which exceeds the context of a word which is completive to a phrase, as well as a translator has to use a surround sentence context and in comprehensiveness a legal language context which often allows to reduce the meaning of translated lexeme in relation to semantic field, resulting from the context of a word which is completive to a phrase.
EN
Cultural codes, that is elements of permanent perception and interpretation of reality in a given culture, have impact on the effectiveness of intercultural communication. An effective translation of these codes constitutes the core of international understanding on many planes, including the political and legal systems of particular countries, or to put it broadly - their legal cultures. The present article proposes a general discussion of the issue of translating cultural codes of legal Polish and Russian, as well as outlining ways to cope with difficulties occurring in the translation process.
EN
The article presents the assumptions for the single meaning dictionary as resulting from the features of the legal language. It also presents the causes of including each of the terms denoted by one common heading in separate entries. It also presents the structure of an entry as based on the contextual analysis.
EN
The subject of this article is the modern jargon of Russian youth. The authors present an analysis of borrowings relating to narcotics and love. Quoting dictionary entries, they try to prove that inner borrowings constitute the most numerous group, and among foreign borrowings those from the English language are most frequent.
EN
The article constitutes an attempt to reconstruct presuppositions of respect for axiological foundations present in communications sent in legal language and understood at the directive level. The analysis focuses on the presuppositions which originate in the sphere of religion and relationships between communities of believers and the sovereign, who is the sender in the communication process. Juxtaposing communications sent in Polish and Russian legal language related to the constitution allows one to distinguish and name the presuppositions in question. Moreover, this makes it possible to address communication difficulties in translation which result from differences in the occurrence of presuppositions, differences which have impact on extensions of legal terms in these languages.
EN
The article presents the phenomena of polysemy and homonymy within the field of nominations defining love, eroticism, sex and narcotics in the modern Russian jargon. Although polysemous nominations appear in all the semantic groups presented in the article, polysemy is not a representative phenomenon in the modern Russian jargon. Homonymy is illustrated only by one pair of homonyms within the narcotic nominations.
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