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Pamiętnik Literacki
|
2020
|
vol. 111
|
issue 1
249-257
PL
Recenzja omawia książkę Bożeny Mazurkowej „Z potrzeby chwili i ku pamięci...” („For the needs of the moment and in memory of...”, Warszawa 2019), zawierającą osiem rozpraw o poezji i prozie oświecenia. Są to prace o utworach okolicznościowych, okazjonalno-towarzyskich i użytkowych, m.in. Ignacego Krasickiego, Stanisława Trembeckiego, Franciszka Dionizego Kniaźnina, pisarzy mniej znanych, poetów klientarnych i twórców anonimowych, jak również studia dotyczące epistolografii, literatury podróżniczej i kabał. W recenzji wskazano zmiany w stosunku do pierwodruków tych prac – źródłowe, faktograficzne, analityczne. Zaakcentowano odkrywcze aspekty studiów, nowe rozpoznania dla stanu badań nad polskim oświeceniem, uwzględnienie w badaniach również druków wróżebnych o charakterze zabawowym. Zwrócono też uwagę na różnorodność warsztatu badawczego autorki książki, zastosowanych metod analizy tekstów i obfitość wykorzystanych źródeł.
EN
The review discusses Bożena Mazurkowa’s book „Z potrzeby chwili i ku pamięci...” (“For the needs of the moment and in memory of...,” Warsaw 2019) that includes eight studies in the poetry and prose of the Enlightenment. The studies refer to occasional, occasional-social and applied pieces by, inter alia, Ignacy Krasicki, Stanisłąw Trembecki, Franciszek Dionizy Kniaźnin, also by less known authors, poets supported by patrons, and anonymous writers, as well as papers in epistolography, adventure literature, and the Kabbalah. The reviewer points at the source, fact-collecting, and analytical changes referring to the first editions of the studies; accentuates the revealing aspects of the studies, new recognitions for the state of research in the Polish Enlightenment, and inclusion into the examination of prophetic texts of amusement character. Attention is also paid to the diversity of the author’s workshop, the methods of analysis she uses, and abundance of texts she uses in her investigations.
EN
The ode "O miłości ojczyzny" by John Baptist Albetrandi is a translation of Jean Baptiste Louis Gresset’s "Sur l’amour de la patrie", published in Warsaw literary journal “Zabawy Przyjemne i Pożyteczne” in 1770. The text accompanied by explanatory notes was preceded by an introduction where a figure of Polish translator was presented, emphasizing genres used by him and leading threats of his literary work, and also the work was discussed. The attention was paid, among others, on the topicality of the subject during the tumultuous events of the Bar Confederation. Love radiant with nostalgia for native country in the time of confusion, anxiety, mutual hostility and prejudice was to realize what should unite the quarrelling society. In the section prior to the text of Albertrandi’s / Gresset’s ode, it was also showed that this and other works of French writers that Albertrandi translated in later years – during the threat of partition of the lands of the Poland – were deliberately chosen by him, and that through them he explained superior values to his countrymen, and he made allusions and evaluations of the difficult political situation. A similar tactic was used by him in his own philosophical and moral odes by undertaking universal subjects (time, hope, war), however, in terms strictly corresponding with the current political life of his country.
EN
The article is devoted to the strategies used in Polish playful poems, adapted from French and Italian literature (Boccaccio, Ariosto, La Fontaine) for the witty, pleasant in perception performance of sexual vitality of men and women. Those works revealed current manifestations and mechanisms of sexual morality of people of different status, condition, age and gender, not excluding secular clergy, monks and nuns of various orders (“hoods, hairshirts, cassocks, scapulars”). The following issues has been analysed: numerous metaphorical approaches derived from different layers of literary tradition and folklore, and the author’s of these poems creativity, an interesting plot and moral realities (Polish: “medieval” royal court, Sarmatian province; or Italian), a theme of travel rich in erotic adventures, avoiding obscene words, and above all, witty, humorous perspective (in the narrative and linguistic content) to sensitive, from the point of view of morality, taboo issues (like: sexuality — in general, erotic desire as a natural need; young people’s interest in eroticism, sexual performance and its sources; adultery not only in case of marriages unequal regarding the age; lifestyle of clerics seducing married women and hypocrisy; promiscuity at courts and in orders, etc.). All those factors constrain the poems ("Słowik", "Czyściec", "Pielgrzym", "Hilary"), attributed to Adam Naruszewicz, a Jesuit and a diocesan bishop, entertaining not only a group of writers on Thursday dinners, organised at the court of the King Stanisław August, but also contributed to a great readership in the manuscripts’ circulation, what is certified by noble 'sylwy'. The taboo was disarmed by laughter and emphasising the universality of sexual behaviours, officially hidden, and maybe also by a caricaturing–grotesque image of erotic struggles at times. Reading was probably accompanied by laughter, amusement, which accompany us today, too. In the analysis of the above mentioned scenes of sexual problems, the examined texts can also be situated within the erotic literature, briefly referred to heterogeneous, diverse criteria used for identifying the types, including: the realm of language, another time the themes (the so–called dominant topic or “erotic portions”), ethical and moral meaning of sexual contents contained in the works, their functions carried out in the reception of texts, as well as the aim of the authors (the mocking, acceptance, and fun).
PL
Artykuł ukazuje sposoby przedstawiania tematyki dotyczącej sfery seksualnej w wierszach erotycznych Adama Naruszewicza, jednego z głównych poetów polskiego Oświecenia. Utwory te potraktowano jako ciekawe świadectwo stosunku autora do tabu obyczajowego oraz językowego. Zostały one omówione w trzech wyodrębnionych przez autorkę grupach tekstów: I. Autentyczne literackie obscena erotyczne; II. Obrazki obyczajowe o zdarzeniach erotycznych, fraszki, anegdoty; III. Metaforyczne ujęcia seksualności.
EN
The paper investigates the ways in which the sexual sphere is presented in erotic poems by Adam Naruszewicz, a major poet of the Polish Enlightenment. The works are treated as an interesting testimony to the writer’s attitude to social and linguistic taboos. The author of the paper distinguishes and discusses three groups of texts: I. Authentic literary obscene erotica; II. Sketches of manners with erotic subjects, epigrams, anecdotes; III. Metaphorical depictions of sexuality.
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