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Negocjowanie z Azjatami

100%
Potocka E.
Azja-Pacyfik
|
2000
|
issue III
284-304
EN
Our need to look for new markets makes us pay more attention to the East Asian countries. These huge markets look promising for the highly industrialized countries of Europe and America not only because the countries of that region are inhabited by over 2 billion people but also because they represent a big economic potential. But trade success on these markets to a greater extent would depend on how far one is familiar with their cultural identity and particularly knows how to negotiate with representatives of these countries. In the West the ways of negotiations with the Asian people are carefully studied by many anthropologists and active businessmen. In Poland this field of studies has only started and there are only a few experts dealing with ways of negotiations and inter-cultural differences. In the article the author presents her personal experience in contacts with the representatives of the Confucian-Buddhist cultures and points out many essential cultural differences, knowledge of which may make negotiations easier and more fruitful.
2
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Spór terytorialny - główną przeszkodą w normalizacji stosunków rosyjsko-japońskich

100%
Potocka E.
Azja-Pacyfik
|
1999
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issue II
49-79
XX
48 years after the Japan's occupation and regaining full sovereignty Russia and Japan still do not have a full normalization of relations, because they do not have a peace treaty yet. The USSR did not sign the San Francisco Peace Treaty in September 1951 because it did not recog nize Soviet sovereignty over southern Sakhalin and the Kuriles which the Soviets, according to secret Yalta Agreement of Feb. 11th, 1945, took over in August 1945 to incorporate them into the Soviet territory in September 1946. Tokyo and Moscow started the peace negotiations in London in June 1955 and finished them in October 1956 in Moscow. Unfortunately, they did not agree upon a peace treaty because of the differences on the terri torial problem. As a result of two year peace negotiations The Russo-Jap anese Joint Declaration was signed in Moscow on 19th October 1956. Both states resumed the diplomatic relations and decided to leave the territo rial issue for the future consideration, including the conclusion of the peace treaty. During the peace negotiations Japan insisted that the Soviets should return a group of islands called by the Japanese "The Northern Territo ries", or the South Kuriles by the Russians. This group of islands off northeastern Hokkaido consists of Etorofu, Kunashir, Shikotan and the Habomais, which are a cluster of small islands. Their total area amounts to 4,996 square kilometers. In the eighteenth and nineteenth century these islands were connected with Japan and that was formally con firmed in the Shimoda Treaty signed by Japan and Russia on 7 Feb. 1855. The line separating the zones of Russian and Japanese influence was established between Etorofu and Urup. It was the first Russo-Japanese border. At the end of World War II, 16,505 Japanese lived on these is lands, most of them working in the fishing industry. The Soviets took this territory between August 29 and September 3 by the army which came from Sakhalin. For many years Japan has insisted on the return of these group of islands as a precondition of full normalization, i.e. signing of peace treaty.
3
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(artykuły recenzyjne) Nieznane aspekty stosunków radziecko-japońskich w latach 1931-1941

100%
Potocka E.
Azja-Pacyfik
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2000
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issue III
391-398
4
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80 lat stosunków polsko-japońskich

100%
Potocka E.
Azja-Pacyfik
|
1999
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issue II
7-16
EN
Official Polish-Japanese relations are 80 years old. They have been always characterized by mutual sympathy and understanding. Even during the most difficult period for Poland, i.e. in the years of World War II a broad cooperation of intelligence services of both countries took place. After the war both countries resumed normal diplomatic relations only in 1957. This resulted from the fact that Poland was included in the Soviet zone of influence and our foreign policy was closely connected with that of Moscow. During the entire post-war period the cultural exchange has been the core of our relations with Japan, however, in recent years a growing role has been played by cooperation in the field of science and technology. Eco· nomic cooperation has always played a secondary role in mutual relations. For many Polish companies the Japanese market is too distant while many Japanese businessmen still see Poland as a "former Socialist state". This situation changes slowly. An increasing number of Japanese come to Poland however the Japanese held but L7th position among foreign investors in Poland in the first half of 1999 with 200 million USA in re· lation to the total of 35 billion USD of foreign investment value. The situation changed after the visit Prime minister Jerzy Buzek paid to Japan in July 1999. It resulted in two contracts: Marubeni plans to invest 1 billion USD in power industry in Belchatow, while Toyota Co. 350 million USD in gearbox factory in Walbrzych. Among the firms with the Japanese participation to successfully operate in our market should be noted the following: the Bridgestone tire plant in Poznan, PhilipsMatsushita Battery Poland S.A., Isuzu Motor Poland in Tychy.
5
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Hongkong – blaski i cienie trudnej integracji

100%
Potocka E.
Azja-Pacyfik
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2007
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issue X
86-115
EN
In 1997 Hong Kong returned to China after 156 years of the British colonial rule as a Special Administrative Region of the PRC. In the past the city has been served China as a bridge between the centrally commanded economy of the Mainland, which suffered various restrictions in its foreign trade and free market economies of the West. To preserve existing position of Hong Kong and the Westernised style of life of its inhabitants a special formula of „one country – two systems” was set up and its principles were included into the “Sino-British Joint Declaration on the Question of Hong Kong” of December 1984 and into the “Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region” of 1990. Implementation of these documents is crucial to both parties. In practice, these agreements are implemented most vigorously by Hong Kong big business community which have profited very much from a large scope cooperation with the Mainland. The territory of Hong Kong has a particular international status with many prerogatives similar to these of a state, to name only its right to negotiate and conclude international treaties as „Hong Kong, China”. During last 10 years of Hong Kong under motherland’s jurisdiction Beijing did its utmost to respect a „high degree” of HK autonomy as required by these agreements. However, from time to time the Central Government had to remind some Hong Kong local politicians, who demanded more freedom or democracy for the territory, that Hong Kong is only an administrative part of China. As PRC leaders insist, this enclave has almost unlimited economic liberty, but still has to wait for more democratic solutions as a universal suffrage, for instance. In general, however, the integration of Hong Kong with the motherland progressed rather smoothly during the last ten years.
6
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(recenzje) Rola zagranicznych inwestycji bezpośrednich w wybranych gospodarkach Azji

88%
Potocka E.
Azja-Pacyfik
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2001
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issue IV
264-268
7
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(recenzja) Ewa Pałasz-Rutkowska, Andrzej T. Romer, Historia stosunków polsko-japońskich 1904-1945, Wydawnictwo: Bellona, 1996, s. 272, Biblioteka Fundacji im. Takashimy

88%
Potocka E.
Azja-Pacyfik
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1998
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issue I
286-292
8
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Perspektywy zjednoczenia Korei po szczycie w Phenianie

63%
Potocka E., Burdelski M.
Azja-Pacyfik
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2000
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issue III
16-27
EN
The world has expected the reunification of Korea to be accomplished someday, but even experts on Korea were completely surprised to hear about the inter-Korean summit planned for June 2000. The summit was welcomed by the international community with hope that the last vesti ge of the Cold War would be liquidated in this region of the world. The authors intend to demonstrate that despite Koreans' common wish to accomplish the reunification as soon as possible, due to huge political, economic and social differences between the two Koreas the process will be very long. It: may require decades of rapprochement and cost much more than the reunification of much richer Germany.
9
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(recenzje i dyskusje) Japonia i Polska w latach 1918-1941

50%
Potocka E.
Azja-Pacyfik
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1999
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issue II
319-321
10
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(recenzje) Pearl Harbor- konflikt nieunikniony

50%
Potocka E.
Azja-Pacyfik
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2001
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issue IV
289-296
11
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(artykuły recenzyjne) Gejsza - ginący zawód

50%
Potocka E.
Azja-Pacyfik
|
2000
|
issue III
412-416
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