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On the Conceptualization of Blurred Knowledge

100%
Wybraniec-Skardowska U.
Filozofia Nauki
|
1996
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vol. 4
|
issue 3
45-62
PL
In the article the problem of imprecise information and concepts is considered. The theory of rough sets and the theory of fuzzy sets are used to provide an original solution to this problem.
2

On Language Adequacy

100%
Wybraniec-Skardowska U.
Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric
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2015
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vol. 40
|
issue 1
257-292
EN
The paper concentrates on the problem of adequate reflection of fragments of reality via expressions of language and inter-subjective knowledge about these fragments, called here, in brief, language adequacy. This problem is formulated in several aspects, the most general one being: the compatibility of the language syntax with its bi-level semantics: intensional and extensional. In this paper, various aspects of language adequacy find their logical explication on the ground of the formal-logical theory of syntax T of any categorial language L generated by the so-called classical categorial grammar, and also on the ground of its extension to the bi-level, intensional and ex- tensional semantic-pragmatic theory ST for L. In T, according to the token- type distinction of Ch. S. Peirce, L is characterized first as a language of wellformed expression-tokens (wfe-tokens) - material, concrete objects - and then as a language of wfe-types - abstract objects, classes of wfe-tokens. In ST the semantic-pragmatic notions of meaning and interpretation for wfe-types of L of intensional semantics and the notion of denotation of extensional seman- tics for wfe-types and constituents of knowledge are formalized. These notions allow formulating a postulate (an axiom of categorial adequacy) from which follow all the most important conditions of the language adequacy, including the above, and a structural one connected with three principles of compositionality.
3

Does the Lie Contradict the Truth?

100%
Wybraniec-Skardowska U.
Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric
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2010
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issue 20(33)
127-153
EN
The paper deals with one of the most difficult and worrying philosophical problems, that is the problemate of the truth and the lie. First, certain analyses are made with reference to notions related to attempts at answering the questions: What is the truth? And What is the lie?, then – taking into account problems pertaining to political and social ethics – various notions of the truth and of the lie are juxtaposed, respectively, in such a way as to be able to answer the basic question raised in this work: Does the lie contradict the truth? Answers to this question are not unambiguous. In the author’s opinion, this presents a peculiar challenge to philosophy, and – in particular – to philosophy of politics, as well as to the idea of shaping the culture of politics and logic in our society.
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