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EN
The text outlines selected colonial and postcolonial dimensions of entanglement of hunter-gatherers (Pygmies) in Central Africa. The author discusses the entanglement which the Pygmies experienced and are experiencing in three dimensions: systemic, interactional – referring to interethnic relations at the stage of sedentarization processes and village life, as well as the dimension of : words and images and thus “representations of...”, present in an academic, literary and media discourse. The recognition of earlier forms of entanglement of the Pygmy population explains the current problems of indigenous peoples’ lack of voice and the isappearance of their identity. It uncovers a range of civilisational practices which include territorial and mental dispossession of indigenous people of their ancestral lands and a deprivation of natural resources as well as their cultural heritage based on oral transmission.
PL
Tekst przybliża problem aktywności Polonii oraz szkół polonijnych w Gruzji związaną z edukacją opartą na kultywowaniu języka i kultury polskiej przez pryzmat kategorii miejsca. Autorka prowadząc badania terenowe wśród gruzińskiej Polonii podjęła próbę przedstawienia złożonej rzeczywistości codziennego funkcjonowania dzieci, młodzieży i dorosłych, którzy mając polskie korzenie uczęszczają do polskich szkół i uczą się języka polskiego oraz Gruzinów z polskimi korzeniami, skupionych wokół towarzystw i związków polonijnych. Szkoły te i związki polonijne z jednej strony jawią się jako swoiste „epicentra” pielęgnowania polskiej tożsamości kulturowej, z drugiej zaś, jako miejsca nauczania języka polskiego, który gruzińskim potomkom Polaków daje szansę na „lepszą przyszłość” w Polsce – kraju Unii Europejskiej oraz scala pozostałe ślady polskości. Zaznaczyć należy, że sytuacja w Gruzji – w centrum oraz regionach pogranicznych, gdzie zamieszkują potomkowie Polaków i gdzie znajdują się punkty nauczania – szkoły polskie, jest trudna i charakteryzuje się dużym bezrobociem, niskim poziomem edukacji, małymi szansami na „lepszy standard życia” dorastającego młodego pokolenia. Polska szkoła daje więc szansę na uzyskanie możliwości dalszego rozwoju edukacyjnego.
EN
The text outlines the activity of Polish community associations and schools in Georgia connected with education based on the preservation of the Polish culture and language through the prism of the category of a place. Conducting her field research among the Polish community in Georgia the Author made an attempt to present the complex reality of the everyday functioning of children, youth and adults who, having Polish roots, attend Polish schools and learn the Polish language as well as Georgians with Polish roots centred around Polish community societies and associations. One the one hand, these Polish community schools and societies emerge as peculiar “epicentres” of fostering the Polish cultural identity, on the other hand, as places of Polish language education, which gives the Georgian descendants of Poles the chance “for a better future” in Poland – a European Union country, and unifies the remaining traces of Polish identity. It must be stressed that the situation in Georgia – in the centre and borderland regions where the descendants of Poles live and where educational centres – Polish schools – function, is difficult and is characterized by high unemployment, low quality education, low chances for “a better standard of living” of the growing young generation. Thus, the schools become a chance for further educational development.
EN
In the present article I outline the situation of children who belong to an indigenous community of Ba’Aka Pygmies, a group inhabiting the Sangha-Mbaéré region of rainforest in the Central African Republic. These children are inscribed in the categories of “invisible” and “unheard” children. They are also deprived of the right to be properly researched. This is due to a number of external and internal factors which shape the contemporary reality of the formerly colonised country. Despite the fact that the Central African Republic broke free from colonial oppression, since 1960s it has been experiencing internal colonisation and civilising missions by the countries of the Global North so as to be “fruitfully” written in the narrative of national development. Thus, referring to key categories, I discuss postcolonial representations: images and narratives perceived through the perspective of a female researcher who, since 2002, has conducted field research among excluded and marginalised children and young people in fragile (vulnerable) contexts in Central Africa.
EN
The text draws attention to the theory and practice of intercultural contact, constituting the basis of the communal functioning of communities, groups and individuals. By referring to interactionist concepts and praxis, we attempt to present the realities of conducting intercultural (Polish-Israeli) youth meetings. The meetings allow to increase the chance of achieving positive results in the area of reducing mutual stereotypes and prejudice. The text attempts to indicate the possibilities of applying the theory of intercultural contact in praxis related to international Polish-Israeli projects which conform to the framework of intercultural education.
EN
Te aim of the text is to present - based on the research - various planes of acculturation of the culturally Others (belonging to new groups of migrants) in Polish society. Here have been analyzed the processes of shaping the identity, various types of relationships occurring among migrants in different areas of their lives, their identity and social ties as the possibility of breaking down the barriers in the integration in the process of intercultural learning. Te text provides a starting point for the inclusion of acculturation threads to intercultural pedagogy.
PL
Artykuł stanowi analizę relacji mistrz-uczeń w wymiarze współpracy akademickiej. Podejmujemy próbę diagnozy sytuacji obecnej z perspektywy młodych naukowców oraz identyfikacji dobrych praktyk w postaci działań potencjalnie wspierających dla ich rozwoju. Odwołujemy się m.in. do terminu „obdarzania obopólnego” jako czynnika kluczowego dla rozwoju wzajemnie wzbogacającej relacji. Podjęta w projekcie problematyka stanowi odpowiedź na zmiany zachodzące we współczesnym świecie, a które kształtują potrzebę zweryfikowania i aktualizacji postrzegania definicji mistrza oraz specyfiki jego relacji z uczniem, tak aby odpowiadała aktualnym potrzebom.
EN
The article is an analysis of the master-student relationship in the dimension of academic cooperation. We attempt to diagnose the current situation from the perspective of young scientists and identify good practices in the form of potentially supporting activities for their development. We appeal, among others to the term „mutual sharing” as a key factor for the development of a mutually enriching relationship. The issues raised in the project are a response to changes taking place in the modern world, which shape the need to verify and update the perception of the master’s definition and the specificity of his relationship with the student, so that it corresponds to current needs.
PL
Tekst dotyczy sytuacji dzieci odmiennych kulturowo w środowisku polskiej szkoły. Celem zrealizowanego w latach 2011–2013 projektu badawczego było zbadanie przebiegu procesu „zakorzeniania” i „oswajania” dzieci z trzech zróżnicowanych grup kulturowych w Polsce: Czeczenów, niejednorodnych kulturowo osób pochodzenia arabskiego (Arabów) i afrykańskiego (Afrykanów). W tekście przybliżamy założenia badawcze, definiujemy niejednorodną grupę dzieci innych kulturowo oraz wskazujemy na pedagogiczną perspektywę adaptacji i funkcjonowania dzieci „Innych kulturowo” w jedno- i wielokulturowym środowisku rodzinnym i szkolnym, w grupie rówieśniczej oraz w środowisku lokalnym.
EN
The text concerns the situation of culturally different children in the environment of Polish schools. The aim of the research project realized in the years 2011–2013 was to study the process of „rooting” and „adaptation” (foreign children becoming „familiar with” the host society/community and the host society/ /community becoming „familiar with” foreign children) of children from three diverse cultural groups in Poland: the Chechens as well as the culturally heterogeneous groups of Arab (Arabs) and African (Africans) origin. In the text we present research goals, discuss a heterogeneous groups of culturally different children and point at a pedagogical perspective of adaptation and functioning of „culturally different” children in a mono- and multicultural family and school environment, in a peer group as well as in a local environment.
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