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Ludzie (w) ruchu świecie przywództwa ad hoc

100%
Bauman Z.
ER(R)GO: Teoria – Literatura – Kultura
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2013
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issue 1(26) autorytet/hierarchia/wpływ (pod gościnną redakcją Lecha Witkowskiego)
16-19
EN
People in/of the Movement in the World of Ad Hoc Leadership The essay describes the phenomenon of a progressing interregnum in the domain of leadership which dooms us to accepting the world of ad hoc leadership. The author emphasizes involvement in movement both as a striving and as an escape, especially significant in times of crisis, transitional period, or “interregnum.” The state of interregnum appears during an intense and dynamic period of change when the authority does not rule, making decisions in changing conditions, often invalidating the premises of its pronouncements. Movement “from,” or “against” the familiar hopelessness is much easier than movement “to,” or “towards” (in terms of its direction and outcome) the unknown hope. An important thesis is the acceptance of the growing divide between the knowledge of what should be rejected, and that which should be established in place of the rejected. Bauman refers to the recent events in Egypt, but our own experiences of transformation related to the “Solidarity” movement can also illustrate the fragility of a movement’s commonality. Solidarity in removing the undesired state does not develop into a commonality of an alternative vision. The only need is the ad hoc leadership. The lack of demand for a solid authority, and the lack favoring such characters grows. The decline in the need for authorities spreads susceptibility for superficial criteria of affirmation in terms of aestheticization of experience developed ad hoc. Making good impression, rather than caring for honest arguments and intellectual value. What does the progressing interregnum in the domain of leadership lead to, then? Bauman reflects on the situation of the “movement” immediately after V. Havel’s death.
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UTOPIA AND DYSTOPIA IN LIQUID-MODERN TIMES (Utopie i dystopie czasów plynnej nowoczesnosci)

100%
Bauman Z.
Przegląd Filozoficzno-Literacki
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2009
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vol. 8
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issue 4(25)
57-74
EN
'Lumieres de l'utopie', Bronislaw Baczko's magnum opus among Baczko's numerous magnificent works, deserves to be described as the 'prolegomena to all future study of utopian thought and utopianism of thinking' ('utopias' having been defined by Baczko as visions of an alternative world, better than the extant reality since free from its banes). This essay attempts to apply the concepts and the approaches developed to Baczko to the tracing of the convoluted fate of utopias in three decades after the publication of that study. As the 'hunter' took over from the 'gardener' as the basic pattern for life strategy in the deregulated, individualized liquid-modern society of consumers, utopian thinking followed suit. After the 'blueprint utopias', time arrived for their 'iconoclastic' variety, critical of reality as their predecessors yet unlike them reticent to invest hopes and intentions in a 'perfect society' making all further reform undesirable and unnecessary. Continuous and infinite change has become the utopia of liquid-modern society of hunters. Instead of being located in the undefined future time and distant place, it is an individualistic and 'lived' utopia, incorporated in the practices of the continuous reinvention of selves, renegotiation of social networks and identities and the projects of 'being born again' and 'new beginnings'.
3
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Ponowoczesne wzory osobowe

100%
Bauman Z.
Studia Socjologiczne
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2011
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issue 1(200)
435-458
EN
Incoherence and lack of consequence in endeavors, fragmentation and scattering of various domains of individual's activity appear to be unalienable attributes of 'post-modern' life style. The article contains the characteristic of the four types of post-modern self: the stroller (flâneur), the vagabond, the tourist and the player. Although these types were known in previous epochs, there are two factors that render them 'post-modern': (1) the fact that they have become a 'norm' of behavior in everyday life while previously their role was rather marginal; (2) their simultaneous co-occurrence in the lives of the same people in the same fragments of life, while in 'pre-modern' times their presence in the life of individuals was disjunctive - they were subject to choice; presently one does not choose among them, what is more one does not even need to choose. They are just present. The polyvalence of this situation gives individuals the feeling of freedom, yet there are also negative sides to it. 'Post-modernity' forms a certain stage of the development of individuals and social relations.
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