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EN
Decentralisation of tasks in the scope of conservation of monuments underwent three phases: in 1990, 1998 and 2003. They were accompanied by alterations in the conservation administration system. Changes in the systemic position of monument conservation authorities – at the central and local level – are a subject of justified criticism of the conservation milieu. The question about direction of changes of indicated administrative structures remains valid. Systemic changes should include a decentralisation of certain tasks of Voivodeship Conservators of Monuments. The proposal of the new model of monument conservation, discussed in this article, has been presented during the II Conservators Congress.
EN
Museums provide public services of an great importance for society. They are custos - guardians of the national treasures. However they are also providing other significant public services. In the structure of the government they act as administrative facilities, what significantly affect their activity. Contemporary issues in the management of public museums is connected with the widely described in the literature crisis of public entities providing services for society.
EN
Forty years after the Convention on Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property adopted by the General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization gathered in Paris between 12 October and 14 November 1970 is a good occasion to discuss its effectiveness and topicality in today’s world with its threats to the movable heritage. The aim of this article is to discuss the most important provisions of the Convention and their implementation in Poland.
EN
In the Polish law system, cultural heritage (historical monuments) and the property law are not absolute values. The conservation administration is thus compelled to continually search for a compromise. An useful directive for delineating the limits of permissible intervention into historical substance is the principle of proportionality derived from the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, which assumes the usefulness, necessity and proportional nature of the accepted limitations. This is a tool for seeking an optimal solution that would remain in accord with the requirements and purposes of the protection of historical monuments. At the same time, it must be noted that the conservation administration is obligated to maintain such a balance of public and individual interest which would not undermine the essence of the protected value (the very core of historical value), defined upon the basis of suitably conducted historical studies of the given monument.
EN
Protection of national heritage is state responsibility. Principles of protection are incorporated in two separate sets of rules – one for artifacts and one for archives. Rules on protection of movable heritage are not applied in practice, and the very concept of protection envisioned by the lawmaker seems to be lax. Furthermore duties imposed on private owners of cultural objects are not balanced by their rights. This rises a serious doubt about constitutionality of these laws.
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