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Semantic diffusion in language and in text (part I)

100%
Kiklewicz A.
LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa
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2006
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issue 1
11-21
EN
The semantic diffusion is defined as non determining of the content of linguistic signs (the morphemes, words, word groups, sentences, texts), the indistinct character of borders between semantic categories in the system of language as well as in the linguistic communication. Semantic diffusion is a multiaspectual phenomenon, characteristic both for language, as and for parole. In the first part of article the author discusses the semantic diffusion in system of language, and namely in range of the derivation affixes, and also in range of the referential and signification meaning of the words.
2
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Semantic diffusion in language and in text (part II)

100%
Kiklewicz A.
LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa
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2006
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issue 2
9-22
EN
The problems of the semantic diffusion in linguistic communication are discussed in the second part of the article, namely on the levels of lexical, sentence and text semantics. The author considers the indefinite character of the metaphorical expressions and because of this introduces a notion 'parasemy'. Phenomenon, which R. Dirven qualified as 'the minimal specification view', was examined in two aspects: 1) sentence semantics and 2) inference understood as a factor of the semantic interpretation of the expressions of this type. In aspect of semantics of the text the author considers two kinds of diffusion - leaning on poetics of the modernism and on poetics of the postmodernism.
3
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FORM

100%
Kiklewicz A.
Biuletyn Polskiego Towarzystwa Językoznawczego
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2006
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vol. 62
129-146
EN
The author discusses the problem of the form of linguistic signs in different linguistic-philosophical paradigms: rationalistic (formalistic), postrationalistic, structural and poststructural. According to the author the dynamics of the linguistic-philosophical paradigms has depended on two factors: the divisibility or indivisibility of the form and the content, and also the domination of the form or the content in the structure of linguistic signs as objects of linguistic description. The author distinguishes three kinds of linguistic forms: explicative (monomorphous), operative, and implicative, and discusses them in detail with reference to the stylistic function of the sentence in Polish and Russian. Special attention is given to zero forms, which are treated as a kind of synsemantic (index) signs, equivalent to anaphoric and cataphoric pronouns. The author considers also the problem of nonverbal forms, i.e. those which result from the cooperation of the utterance and the text with the relevant situational context. He introduces the notion of the principle of optimality, which defines the cooperation of the different factors of linguistic communication.
4
Content available remote

AMBISEMY AS A CATEGORY OF FUNCTIONAL SEMANTICS

100%
Kiklewicz A.
Biuletyn Polskiego Towarzystwa Językoznawczego
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2008
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vol. 64
63-76
EN
The article concentrates on the controversial questions of functional semantics, and namely the semantic distinctness of words in linguistic communication. The author distinguishes two levels of meaning variants: polysemy (semantic mutations) and diasemy (semantic modifications). Based on the example of possessive pronouns the author argues for the necessity of using the notion of semantic invariant in linguistics. The invariant category is realized in the language system as ambisemy, i. e. the reference to cognitive base of the linguistic subjects, which has nomothetic or empirical character during interpretation of compositional signs (especially formal indiscreet, semantically ambivalent). Two components are distinguished of the structure of meaning: endosemantic, which in case of the derived words is identical with their internal form, as well as exosemantic, which shows the sender's knowledge on the subject of standard relation between referents of word group components.
5

SEMANTICS AND METAPHORICAL CONCEPTUALISATION OF FEAR IN THE POLISH, RUSSIAN, AND GERMAN LANGUAGES

100%
Kiklewicz A.
Slavia Orientalis
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2005
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vol. 54
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issue 2
283-308
EN
The author discusses problems of language semantics representation in the cognitive theory of conceptual metaphors. He expresses criticism concerning the explication model of meanings by G. Lakoff and M. Johnson, because it does not take into account certain important aspects of language functional semantics, and, first of all, the communicative context of language nomination and conceptualization of experience. The model of semantic (conceptual) category proposed by the author is based on propositional (predicate-argument) structures, whereas the figurative models form the level of lexicalisation for separate components of base propositional structures. The integrative model of semantic category, ambivalent to the new-positivist and phenomenological theories of meaning, is applied to describe the category of fear in modem Polish language.
6

METONYMY VS. COMPRESSION IN THE FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM OF MODERN RUSSIAN LANGUAGE (AS COMPARED TO POLISH)

100%
Kiklewicz A.
Slavia Orientalis
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2007
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vol. 56
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issue 2
249-263
EN
The author discusses the indistinct border between semantic derivation (metonymy) and syntactic derivation, namely the compression (condensation) of the grammatical structure of sentences and/or word groups. Linguistic conceptions of E.L. Ginzburg, P. Zmigrodzki and B.J. Norman are special, separate objects of considerations. The author represents own criterions for the distinction between metonymy and condensation, and devotes attention to Polish-Russian confrontations in regular polysemy.
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ASSOCIATION SYNTACTIC RELATIONSHIP IN THE SEMANTIC STRUCTURE OF THE SENTENCE

100%
Kiklewicz A.
Slavia Orientalis
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2006
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vol. 55
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issue 3
401-421
EN
The author discusses the syntactic association relationship, earlier introduced by A. F. Priyatkina (sootnositel'naya svyaz') as well as P. V. Chesnokov (oposredovannaya svyaz'). The association relationship (diatax) disturbs to a degree the symmetry of the sentence, i.e. the agreement between its grammatical and semantic structures. The author quotes the results of a psycholinguistic experiment to confirm the psychological reality of the diatax in sentence structure. Further, the author describes the form and the performance of the association relationship in the structure of a simple sentence, examining the regularity of syntactic models and syntactic parallelism, the linear contact of words, the syntactic condensation, the ellipse, the preposition of the verb, the general communicative function of words (usually for comments), the semantic and phonetic similarity of words, their lexical identity, paired prepositions, and others.
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