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Państwowe Muzeum Zoologiczne wobec powstania Polskiej Akademii Nauk: droga do powołania Instytutu Zoologicznego PAN

100%
Zabłocki W.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
|
2020
|
vol. 65
|
issue 4
81–98
EN
The State Zoological Museum, established in 1928, inherited and developed the legacy of the Zoological Cabinet of the University of Warsaw (existing since 1818). The Cabinet’s collection had been gathered for decades and belonged to eminent personages not only in Poland but also in Europe. The Museum and its collections were threatened many times: first by a great fire in 1935, then by the German attack on Warsaw in 1939 and subsequent occupation, as well as by the outbreak of the Warsaw Uprising and the destruction of the city. After the post-war reconstruction of the Museum, it was time to function in a new political reality, in which the most significant change for this institution was the establishment of the Polish Academy of Sciences. A planned inclusion of the State Zoological Museum in the structures of the newly-founded Polish Academy of Sciences meant that the scientists had to face a dilemma: in exchange for research funds and career development opportunities, they were expected to show favour to the communists and readiness to implement the idea of socialism. In the background of this process, numerous scientific conferences took place, where controversial visions of the future of biological sciences clashed. This process resulted in the transformation of the State Zoological Museum into the Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences.
2
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The impact of smog on the design of sports facilities

100%
Zabłocki W.
MAZOWSZE Studia Regionalne
|
2021
|
issue Special Edition 2021
129-130
EN
The smog phenomenon and its health consequences seem to be nowadays a real problem for many societies, including Poland. In addition, the question arises as to what impact it may have on urban planning and architectural design. Scientists believe that there are only three methods to avoid the dangerous smog pollution: trying to stay indoors during smog alerts, avoiding outdoor exercise and using special masks. However, using masks during exercising is unhealthy due to the reduction of the body's oxygenation. Special attention should be paid to the location of open sports areas for young citizens. Air-conditioned sports halls would be the best option for those who want to be physically active during smog alerts.
PL
Zjawisko smogu i związane z nim konsekwencje zdrowotne stanowią w dzisiejszych czasach poważny problem i wyzwanie dla społeczeństw wszystkich zamieszkanych kontynentów, w tym Polski. Ponadto pojawia się pytanie, jaki może to mieć wpływ na urbanistykę, planowanie i projektowanie architektoniczne. Naukowcy uważają, że istnieją tylko trzy metody na uniknięcie niebezpiecznego zanieczyszczenia smogiem: próba pozostania w domu podczas alarmów smogowych, unikanie ćwiczeń na świeżym powietrzu i używanie specjalnej maski. Jednak używanie masek podczas ćwiczeń jest niezdrowe ze względu na zmniejszone natlenienie organizmu. Szczególną uwagę należy zwrócić na lokalizację otwartych terenów sportowych przeznaczonych dla młodzieży. Klimatyzowane hale sportowe to najlepsze rozwiązanie dla tych, którzy chcą być aktywni fizycznie w dniach, kiedy ogłaszane są alarmy smogowe.
3
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Wpływ smogu na projektowanie obiektów sportowych

100%
Zabłocki W.
MAZOWSZE Studia Regionalne
|
2021
|
issue 36
165-167
EN
The smog phenomenon and its health consequences seem to be nowadays a real problem for many societies, including Poland. In addition, the question arises as to what impact it may have on urban planning and architectural design. Scientists believe that there are only three methods to avoid the dangerous smog pollution: trying to stay indoors during smog alerts, avoiding outdoor exercise and using special masks. However, using masks during exercising is unhealthy due to the reduction of the body’s oxygenation. Special attention should be paid to the location of open sports areas for young citizens. Air-conditioned sports halls would be the best option for those who want to be physically active during smog alerts.
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