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1

WHAT ROLE IS AGRICULTURE EXPECTED TO PLAY IN EUROPEAN COMMUNITY?

100%
Maurel M.-C.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
|
2005
|
issue 1(126)
23-35
EN
Social expectations as to the role of agriculture vary, ranging from the production of large quantities of inexpensive food, an improvement in the quality of foodstuffs and their guaranteed safety, participation in international exchange, respect for the needs of the natural environment and protection of the landscape to participation in the development of rural areas, etc. Functions ascribed to agriculture are the resultant of political choices that need to be harmonized and updated in the enlarged Europe. These choices relate to many levels (national, European, international) at which decisions are made and various initiatives are launched. This article presents several scenarios of evolution. The first of these scenarios is based on the concept of liberal economy and leaves agriculture to be piloted by enterprises from the food and agricultural sector. This tendency may produce undesirable effects for the agricultural word and upset the territorial and environmental equilibrium. The second scenario, based on the reformed Common Agricultural Policy, is not free either from contradictions between economic and social function of agriculture and it entails the risk of a deepening conflict of interests between the member-states. The third scenario, which is inscribed in the perspective of lasting development and which emphasises the service function of agriculture and valorization of territory in accordance with the logic of multifunctionality, seems to be an ideal proposal.
2
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The LEADER programme in Central Europe. A new local development policies.

63%
Chevalier P., Maurel M.-C., Pascal Chevalier -Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales D. d. é. E., Marie-Claude Maurel -Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3 D. o. G. a. L. M.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Sociologica
|
2013
|
vol. 44
EN
The implementation of a new European policy based on integrated rural development is an entirely new experiment in the Central European countries, which formerly belonged to the communist system. This paper explores the conditions and the context in which the Local Development Model is being transferred from former member states to new ones, and the way it has been implemented. To examine this issue, we consider the European Union’s Leader programme (an acronym of Liaisons Entre Actions de Développement de l’Economie Rurale), which became the fourth axis of the European Rural Policy (2007–2013). The Leader approach is usually presented as an original way of supporting local development, especially through a Local action group (LAG), which is a local body constituted of public and private stakeholders. We focus on how this approach is put into effects in five post-communist states, four of which are new EU members. (Czech Republic, Hungary, Lithuania, eastern Germany and Poland). Downloading policy to the local communities takes place via various hierarchical modes of governance. Domestic authorities (or transfer operators) transpose and implement European rules and norms, which are more flexible than the former development policies. Looking at the main differences between the countries we explore how the original model is being distorted by domestic institutional factors. Policy transfer processes are not restricted to ministries of agriculture but involve a wide variety of nongovernmental actors mediating the policy transfer to the local stakeholders, who are the acting receivers. The Leader model is experimented in various territorial and social contexts, some more and some less receptive to this new way of thinking and managing local development. This paper is based on the relevant academic literature, on official national sources, and a field research survey. It is a cross-national comparative work that takes into account national and local variations in order to highlight similarities and differences in the transfer of a policy model.
3

THE LEADER PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION IN CENTRAL EUROPEAN COUNTRIES (Program LEADER w krajach Europy Srodkowej)

63%
Chevalier P., Maurel M.-C.
Wieś i Rolnictwo
|
2010
|
issue 4(149)
26-41
EN
The implementation of a new European policy based on integrated rural development is an entirely new experiment in the Central European countries, which formerly belonged to the communist system. The paper attempts to explore the conditions and the context in which the Local Development Model is being transferred from the 'old' member-states to the new ones, and the methods of its implementation. To examine this issue, we consider the European Union's Leader programme (an acronym of 'Liaisons Entre Actions de Développement de l'Economie Rurale') which became the fourth axis of the European Rural Policy (2007-2013). The Leader approach is usually presented as an original way of supporting local development, especially through the Local Action Group (LAG) which is a local body composed of public and private actors. We focus on how this approach is put into effect in three new member states (Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland). Downloading policy to the local communities takes place via various hierarchical modes of governance. Domestic authorities (or transfer operators) transpose and implement European rules and norms which are more flexible than the former development policies. Looking at the main differences between the four countries we explore how the original model is being distorted by domestic institutional factors. Policy transfer processes are not restricted to the ministries of agriculture but involve a wide variety of non-governmental actors mediating the transfer of the model to the local stakeholders who are the acting receivers. The Leader model is experimented in various territorial and social contexts, more or less receptive to this new way of thinking and managing local development. The paper is based on the relevant academic literature, on official national sources and a field research survey. It is a cross-national comparative work that takes into account national and local variations in order to highlight similarities and differences in the transfer of a policy model.
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