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EN
Human linguistic development is constitutionally conditioned and is achieved through contact with adult language users. All children follow the same rules and stages in the development of speech. The knowledge of their course and consequences enables early recognition of deviations from the norm, which may be delayed speech development or a symptom of other, often serious developmental disorders. The analysis of the research results shows that the most common reason for parents’ seeking diagnosis and therapeutic support is an incorrect linguistic functioning of the child. Diagnostic procedures often end with the diagnosis of other developmental disorders in which linguistic retardation was an early symptom. Therefore, it is legitimate to increase social knowledge and sensitivity of parents and specialists in monitoring the linguistic development of children under 3 years of age.
EN
There is a growing interest in theater game-based therapeutic programs aimed at alleviating ASD symptoms and, in consequence, the need for evidence-based actions. This article presents a theater therapy project aimed at older children with ASD and their parents. The assumptions, the course and opinions of the participants of the theater therapy workshop were presented and described using direct quotations. The observations obtained are promising and indicate that further studies of theatrical therapy offers for this group of participants are justified and may bring about a potential improvement in the socio-emotional functioning of children with ASD.
PL
Rośnie zainteresowanie programami terapeutycznymi opartymi na teatralnej grze, prowadzonymi w celu złagodzenia objawów ASD, a wraz z nim potrzeba stosowania oddziaływań opartych na dowodach. W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowano projekt teatroterapii skierowany do starszych dzieci z ASD i ich rodziców. Przedstawiono tu założenia, przebieg i opinie uczestników warsztatu teatroterapii, które zostały opisane przy użyciu dosłownych cytatów. Uzyskane obserwacje są obiecujące i wskazują, że dalsze badania ofert teatroterapii dla tej grupy uczestników są uzasadnione oraz mogą przynieść potencjalną poprawę funkcjonowania społeczno-emocjonalnego dzieci z ASD.
EN
In inclusive education, teachers work with all students, including those exhibiting aggressive behaviors. Today, many teachers struggle with challenging student behavior. The study aims to examine (1) aggressive behaviors in students with SPE – a source of teacher frustration in inclusive education, (2) the consequences of these behaviors triggering fears in teachers, and (3) the relationship between teacher seniority and likely consequences as per objective 2. The survey was conducted among 188 teachers. The data were analyzed using descriptive and correlational approaches. We determined that (1) the main source of teacher frustration is the physical aggression displayed by students with ASD, ADHD, ODD and CD; (2) the fear students with SEN may hurt other students is prominent amongst teachers, with a linear correlation between predictable consequences, where the strongest links appear between prediction of conflict in a classroom and the accusation of incompetence levelled at teachers by parents of students with SEN and between the fear of losing self-control and disapproval by superiors; (3) no significant relationship exists between the seniority of teachers and their perception of the sources of frustrations and fears. Against the background of the results, we formulated recommendations on inclusive education training for teachers.
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