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EN
The article presents the results of household surveys in Poland regarding selected conditions for the households self-esteem of theirs financial situation. In particular, the childcare benefit implemented in April 2016 under the “Family 500+” program was included. In the paper a comparative analysis of the relationship between self-esteem and income, consumption expenditure and selected characteristics of farms belonging to the group of raising children was conducted. The analysis showed that there is a strong dependence of the assessment of the own economic situation of households on both the obtained income and consumer spending. Income from parental benefit proved to be an important factor in improving the socio-economic situation of households with children, and as a result it influenced the self-assessment of their financial situation. The increased income of this group of households, to a small extent, affected the change in the structure of consumer spending. The methods of statistical analysis were used in the research. There were used data from panel surveys of households budgets in Poland in 2015 and 2017 conducted by the Central Statistical Office in Warsaw.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu programu „Rodzina 500+” na poziom życia gospodarstw domowych w Polsce. W tym celu przeprowadzono analizę porównawczą relacji między samooceną poziomu zaspokajania podstawowych grup potrzeb a dochodami, wydatkami konsumpcyjnymi i wybranymi charakterystykami gospodarstw domowych klasyfikowanych według kryterium typu biologicznego. Porównywano sytuację gospodarstw domowych w roku 2015 i 2017, czyli w roku bezpośrednio poprzedzającym wprowadzenie programu świadczeń wychowawczych i roku, w którym świadczenie to wypłacane było już przez pełne 12 miesięcy. Analiza wykazała, że istniała silna zależność oceny własnej sytuacji ekonomicznej gospodarstw zarówno od uzyskiwanych dochodów, jak i wydatków konsumpcyjnych. Ponadto dochody z tytułu świadczenia wychowawczego istotnie wpłynęły na poprawę sytuacji ekonomicznej gospodarstw domowych posiadających dzieci, a w efekcie na samoocenę ich sytuacji materialnej i poziomu zaspokojenia potrzeb. W badaniach zastosowano metody analizy statystycznej. W artykule wykorzystano źródłowe dane z badań panelowych budżetów gospodarstw domowych w Polsce w roku 2015 oraz 2017, prowadzonych przez GUS.
EN
The aim of the article is the diagnosis and analysis of the changes in the work resources in the agriculture during the last fifteen years of the system transformation. There are arguments for the improvement of the quality of the work resources in the agriculture during the time of change of the economical system in Poland. There have been positive demographical changes and the farmers’ qualifications have risen. What is more, the level of education of the managers of the homesteads brings the economical results of the homesteads. The research proves that there have been beneficial changes in the work resources. There is a greater contribution of younger farmers. In the agricultural households the structure of people has improved as far as the economical age is concerned. There has been seen a noticeable improvement of the level of education of people from the agricultural areas, however, it is still rather low, much lower than the education of people from the urban areas. The results show that the education of the managers of the homesteads has a considerable influence on the obtained economical effects, especially desired is the higher agricultural education.
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