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Modern Technologies in Comprehensive Forensic Examination

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Zubański S., Nawotka R.

Internal Security

2014

vol. 6(2)

117-126

Latent fingerprints have an indisputable identification value and are considered to be evidentially significant.In accordance with the principle of transfer, fingerprint and genetic identification process can be improved by a suitable methodused to reveal and secure a proper trace. The use of the method depends on many factors, including the properties of the substrate,the conditions prevailing when the print was recovered or the passage of time. The technique commonly used by forensics to reveallatent prints during the examination of the scene is a physical method, based on the adhesiveness of the particles of fingerprintdusting powder to the deposited sweat and sebaceous secretions. This method is effective for the disclosure of prints on relativelysmooth, equal or clean surfaces, and if it is necessary to reveal “fresh” latent fingerprints. Unfortunately, the conditions duringthe scene examination can significantly deviate from the ideal. Often the surfaces encountered are uneven, porous, multi-colouredor dirty, and fingerprints are “old” or faint. In such situations, this method is frequently insufficient. The alternative seems to bea chemical method of revealing latent fingerprints. From the point of view of comprehensive forensic examination, the risk thatboth fingerprint dusting powders and chemical methods of fingerprint visualization bring a substantial risk of contamination,or corruption through traces of foreign DNA, should be taken into account. This situation leads to a search for solutions to reducethe negative effects of the transfer of foreign DNA, including: the use of disposable fingerprint brushes free from human DNAand decontaminated by gamma irradiation or ethylene oxide, or the use of modern technology, e.g. the Reflected UltravioletImaging System (RUVIS) which allows visualization of fingerprint traces based on reflected ultraviolet light during preliminaryoptical examination for evidence, regardless of the type of surface or its size.

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1 Internal Security

1 Nawotka R.

1 Zubański S.

1 2014

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Modern Technologies in Comprehensive Forensic Examination