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EN
The stadium in Rzeszów was created thanks to the enthusiasm of many people. The construction of the stadium, in the immediate vicinity of the Communication Equipment Factory, was to integrate the society of the developing city. It developed afterwards thanks to the help of hundreds of disinterested activists, successive executives of the WSK PZL crew of several thousand, as well as the help of the authorities of the province and the city of Rzeszów. The stadium has various sports, cultural and social events, a testimony that from the very beginning the stadium played an important role in the life of the city and its residents. The stadium was also a place of unusual events. The blood-curdling performances were performed on him by autorodeo stuntmen, and over him acrobats pilots, angry here poured great meetings with the youth of the World Polonia. But it was always a great sport and the main host at this stadium.
EN
The article presents the image of the speedway rider, identified with the medieval knight and preserved in the language and works of speedway fans. The language material was excerpted from the slogans, songs etc. of the black sport fans and their statements, published in fan song books and online forums. The linguistic resource was enriched with terminology and professional vocabulary. Speedway supporters have been identifying speedway riders with medieval warriors for years, naming them the knights of the black track. The knight’s nickname refers to the speedway riders’ outfit, resembling an armour, to the speedway motorcycle, compared to a steed and other analogies, thus creating a stereotype of the knight speedway rider which functions among the black sport fans. The observations prove that such an image determines the fan environmental lexis that operates with many neosemantics, such as the rider, the Teutonic Knights, the armour etc. connoting tradition and culture of medieval knights.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia wizerunek żużlowca, utożsamianego ze średniowiecznym rycerzem, utrwalony w języku oraz twórczości kibiców wyścigów na żużlu. Materiał językowy wyekscerpowano z haseł, piosenek etc. fanów czarnego sportu oraz z ich wypowiedzi, zamieszczonych w kibicowskich śpiewnikach oraz na forach internetowych. Zasób lingwistyczny wzbogacono o terminologię i słownictwo zawodowe. Miłośnicy speedwaya od lat identyfikują zawodników ze średniowiecznymi wojami, nazywając sportowców rycerzami czarnego toru. Rycerski przydomek nawiązuje między innymi do stroju żużlowców – kombinezonu, przypominającego zbroję, żużlowego motocykla, porównywanego z rumakiem oraz innych analogii, tworząc stereotyp żużlowca-rycerza, funkcjonujący wśród kibiców czarnego sportu. Jak wynika z przeprowadzonych obserwacji, wizerunek ów determinuje także kibicowską leksykę środowiskową, operującą wieloma neosemantyzmami, jak jeździec, Krzyżacy, zbroja etc., konotującymi tradycję i kulturę rycerzy średniowiecza.
EN
Leachability of chemical substances from waste produced during fuel combustion in a power plant has been investigated. The aim of the research was to identify the chemical composition of eluates obtained from fly ashes and slags subjected to the leaching test. The results of leaching tests indicate potential environmental hazards related to the migration of chemical substances. Migration can occur both during the storage of waste and due to the weathering of usable materials, including those made from waste. Leachability of the following substances has been analysed: sodium, potassium, chlorides, sulphates, arsenic, zinc, cadmium, copper, lead, nickel and chromium. The analysis of the results has demonstrated, above all, that fly ash eluates contain much more substances than slag eluates. This is particularly evident in the case of chlorides and sulphates, as well as nickel, which practically was not found in slag eluates. The leached substances included among others zinc, lead, chromium, which are potentially toxic to living organisms. It should be noted, however, that the contents of these substances in the eluates did not exceed the permissible concentrations in industrial wastewater discharged into the environment. Exceedances occurred only in the case of sulphates contained in ash eluates. The concentrations of a given substance in the tested eluates were found to be different during the entire research period. These differences, especially in fly ash eluates, reached several dozen and even more than one hundred percent. This shows that the use of power plant waste in civil or water engineering should be preceded by an analysis of potential environmental impact.
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