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Article focuses on the issue of active and contemplative life in medieval thought, especially in the concept of St. Thomas Aquinas. It consists of three parts. The first one presents briefly the basic philosophical problems (concerning issues like vita activa and vita contemplativa) which arose in the commentaries on X book of Nicomachean Ethics by Aristotle. Then it shows how Thomas Aquinas’s perception of Ethics as a integral whole sheds light on his solution of the dispute. The first part ends with Aquinas’s most important arguments in favor of vita contemplativa. In the second part it will be presented dispute regarding the purpose and nature of contemplation. Commentary tradition of X book takes dual understanding of contemplation into account: it is recognized either as a mystical union with God, or as the cognitive function of the intellect. Thomas developed concept of two kinds of happiness and it seems to be the answer to this problem. The third part of the article develops the issue of Thomas interpretation of Ethics by analyzing the meaning of vita activa (expressed in the formation of virtues) for contemplation.
EN
This study aims at showing the St. Francis from Assisi’s Third Regular Order Nuns‘ historical outline in Poland. At the beginning, the author presented a short genesis of the Convent, and next he described the first foundation in Cracow, as well as the other foundations and spiritual life of the sisters. The last part of the article shows the history of the three Observants’ convents in Łódź archidiocese.
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