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EN
In his paper Vincent Múcska seeks to explore the links between St. Bruno of Querfurt and Hungary in the early eleventh century. First, the Slovak historian addresses the issue of White and Black Hungarians, terms that are present in a variety of medieval sources, i.e., The Tale of Bygone Years or De administrando imperio, the work of the Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus. The author examines also the route of St. Bruno to Hungary and briefl y presents his missionary activity in the area (1002–†1009). Furthermore, Vincet Múcska outlnes the activity and the reasons for the presence of the papal legate Azzo in Hungary in 1009. Finally, the author attempts to provide his own explanation of the reasons for distinguishing between White and Black Hungarians.
EN
In her paper Hagiografie v 10. a 11. Století, Marie Bláhová of Charles University in Prague examines the early history of the development of this genre. First, she discusses what hagiography is and when and under what circumstances this branch of the Latin literature was born. The author points out to the ancient roots of hagiography (the second century). Next to the history and the causes of the emergence of hagiography, the paper presents the development of its forms and changes in the choice of types of holiness, which could be included in such works since the late antiquity until the eleventh century. Marie Bláhová has presented readers with a wide panorama of centers and individuals distinguished in creating and rewriting hagiographic literature, noting their role at the time of birth of a given work and its subsequent dissemination. This panorama is made up of activities of both various centers and literary circles in older Europe, i.e., Empire, England, France, Italy, and in Central Europe, namely Hungary, Czech and Poland.
PL
Przedmiotem tej pracy są kwestie ewentualnego miejsca produkcji denara krzyżowego z napisem otokowym +UVALHVZE, wiązanego z miejscowością Wallhausen nad Helmą. Poruszono tematykę chronologii jego produkcji, a także kierunki przepływu w świetle rozrzutu znalezisk z udziałem tej monety. Na temat tych szczególnych monet stoczona została u progu lat 30-tych XX wieku zażarta dyskusja, pomiędzy dwoma znakomitymi numizmatykami epoki - Juliusem Menadierem a Marianem Gumowskim. Niemiecki numizmatyk datował tę monetę na początek XI wieku i przypisywał działalności menniczej opatki kwedlinburskiej Matyldy. W napisie widział nazwę niewielkiej miejscowości Wallhausen nad Helmą, w której znajdował się cesarski dwór. Gumowski przypisywał tę monetę palatynowi Sieciechowi i datował na około 1080 rok. Analiza skarbów i pojedynczego znaleziska z wyspy Schulzenwerder pozwoliła na zawężenie chronologii monety na lata po 1060 a przed 1070 rokiem. Prawdopodobnie Menadier miał rację widząc w legendzie nazwę miejscowości Wallhausen, brak jest innych możliwości interpretacji tej legendy. Emitentem monety mógł być biskup naumburski Eberhard (1045-1079), lub też arcybiskupstwo magdeburskie, pod którego zwierzchnictwem znajdował się Naumburg. Moneta wybita została jednym stemplem awersu, który był poddawany naprawom, oraz dwoma stemplami rewersu.
EN
The topic of this paper is the issue of a possible place of coining the cross denarii with the legend +UVALHVZE, associated with the town of Wallhausen on the Helme river. Chronology of the coin production is touched upon, as well as the direction of its inflow based on the spread of hoards containing that piece. In the early 1930’s a heated debate regarding those coins took place between two distinguished numismatist of that time – Julius Menadier and Marian Gumowski. The German scholar dated the coin to the beginning of the 11th century and connected it with Mathilde the Abbess of Quedlinburg. In the legend he saw the name of a small town – Wallhausen on the Helme, where the Emperors palace was located. Gumowski on the other hand linked the coins with the count palatine Sieciech and dated it close to the year 1080. The analysis of hoards and a single find from the Schulzenwerder island allowed for the narrowing of the coins chronology to the years 1060-1070. It was Menadier who was probably right in linking it with the town of Wallhausen as we lack other interpretations of the legend. It could have been minted by Eberhard the Bishop of Naumburg (1045-1079), or by the Archbishopric of Magdeburg which was the superior of Naumburg. The coins had been minted with one obverse die, which with the passage of time was repaired and two reverse dies.
EN
The autor of this study is concerned with the occupation of a part of the northwestern Kingdom of Hungary by Bolesław I the Brave at the beginning of the 11th century. He analyses the military campaigns of the Polish prince in medieval narrative sources and annals. The author tries to find out why Bolesław I the Brave occupied part of the Kingdom of Hungary, what was the territory and who ruled there in the early third of the 11th century.
EN
The author of this study tries to determine the years, when Bolesław I the Brave occupied a part of the northwestern Kingdom of Hungary and when Stephen I of Hungary regained this part. He rejects the previous opinions of historians, who dated this event from the year 1000 / 1003 to the year 1025 / 1029 / 1030 / 1031. According to the author the military campaign of the Polish prince to the Kingdom of Hungary took place in the first third of the 11th century during Polish-German wars. Bolesław I the Brave lost a part of the northwestern Kingdom of Hungary in the final phase of Polish-German wars.
DE
Seitdem Polen das Christentum angenommen hatte (966), strömten Mengen von Büchern heran, unter denen Sammlungen von Predigten vorhanden waren. Die umfangreichsten von ihnen gelangten an Kathedral-, Kollegiatkirchen und Klosterbibliotheken, sporadisch an Pfarrbibliotheken und Bücherbestände der Professoren der Krakauer Akademie - dann an ihre Bibliothek überwiesen. Die Sammlungen von Predigten sollten der Ausbildung der Nachwuchskader der Seelsorger dienen. Sie sollten auch Hilfe leisten bei der Verkündung der Offenbarungswahrheiten von den Predigern sowie bei der Bearbeitung neuer, die Nach-frage der Seelsorger befriedigenden Predigten. Der größten Popularität erfreuten sich - unabhängig von Zeit und Milieau -Sammlungen von Predigten und Homilien der Kirchenväter: Jakub de Voragine und Peregryn aus Opeln.
PL
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