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Język Polski
|
2015
|
vol. 95
|
issue 4
342-353
PL
Przedmiotem rozważań są problemy z klasyfikowaniem historycznych (szesnastowiecznych) jednostek reprezentujących pojęciową kategorię nazw narzędzi. Dało się zaobserwować znaczną liczbę derywatów tworzonych za pomocą sufiksów z podstawowym -k-, wśród których często znajdowały się formacje tautologiczne względem podstawy. W tekście wskazuje się, że problem jest ciągle otwarty: w historycznej polszczyźnie derywaty tautologiczne oraz deminutywne występują paralelnie i często rozstrzygnięcie, czy do czynienia mamy z funkcją deminutywno-ekspresywną, czy tylko strukturalną, jest bardzo trudne, jeśli nie niemożliwe.
EN
The main subject of consideration in this paper is the problem of classifying a large number of 16th century Polish derivatives representing the conceptual category of nomina instrumenti. The analysis revealed that during this period many of these words, formed with affixal -k-, were derivatives representing only the tautological function of the suffix. There is another problem to discuss — how to distinguish between diachronic expressive-diminutive and structural affixal functions.
EN
The article describes how to present vocal music in the most complete edition of Kronika of Marcin Bielski (1564). The view of the linguistic formation of this fragment of reality in an idiolectic approach from the 16th century confirms the use of several groups of words to describe this part of music that Bielski considers singing: the names of the melodic process of producing sound (śpiewać, odśpiewawać, przyśpiewawać, śpiewanie), what is sung (antyfona, cantica, gradał, hymn/hymna, kantyki, pienie, pieśń, proza, psalm, psałterz, responsyja, śpiewanie, żołtarz) and singers (psalterzysta, śpiewaczka, śpiewak). The conducted analyzes showed some features of Bielski’s lexical and research workshop and confirmed that his work is the beginning of perfecting the Polish language in many areas of its functioning.
EN
The article discusses a selected group of metatextual comments made in the 3rd edition of Marcin Bielski’s Kronika published in 1564. The analysis focuses on those referring to the contents of his Chronicle, i.e. the comments informing about what Bielski has already written and where he has written it, what he is about to mention, what and for what reason has been omitted or added by the author when compared to his sources, and what he has only treated superficially. A review of the variety of the linguistic methods used for constructing these metatextual comments allows for disclosing the possible motivations behind the writer’s choices: his wish to direct the reading process and to lead the reader into assuming that the presented content is credible and accurate, combined with an educational and moralistic drive.
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