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Pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum in wealthy noble families in the first half of the 18th century in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

100%
Penkała-Jastrzębska A.
Res Gestae. Czasopismo Historyczne
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2021
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vol. 13
22-41
EN
The article deals with the experience of pregnancy and early motherhood in relation to the milieu of the magnates and nobility of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the first half of the 18th century. The analysis covers extensive source material which includes the preserved collections of private correspondence of  representatives of wealthy nobility and magnates, with particular emphasis on the female half of this population. In turn, this material has been split by selected key issues, such as: trying to have children, pregnancy, birth, postpartum period, and early motherhood. Problems resulting from these stages of motherhood have been analysed in a broad context, considering both mental issues - fulfilling the socially expected role of wife and mother, dealing with new situations and diffi culties, building relationships with new-born children - and physical elements, such as health, sickness, dealing with weakness and new responsibilities.
2

Rola diariusza Hieronima Floriana Radziwiłła w edycji listów Magdaleny z Czapskich Radziwiłłowej

100%
Maciejewska I.
Prace Literaturoznawcze
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2016
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issue 4
255-267
EN
The paper characterizes the diary of the duke Hieronim Florian Radziwiłł, as the sourceused during edition of his second wife's letters to her fiancé and subsequently husband from1744-1750. Due to the fact that most of Radziwiłł's answers have not been retained, the diary lets settle doubts on issues encountered during research on his wife's collection partly. It provides researches with chance to complement missing dates and places, recognize described persons, solve unclear issues. The notes let decode crucial features of addressee's difficult personality, whereas for a few years the author had only spoken highly about him. Later sheran away from him and pleaded for invalidation of the marriage.
3
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Il teatro delle e per le monache (Napoli, secolo XVIII)

100%
Novi Chavarria E.
Italica Wratislaviensia
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2019
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issue 10.2
119–133
EN
Recent studies have focused on the musical environment and the theatre in female monasteries of many Italian cities between the 16 th and 18 th centuries. These art forms became famous as forms of entertainment in travel literature and in the chronicles of the time but were forbidden in the age of the Counter-Reformation. However, the theatrical performances, both in prose and in music, enjoyed enormous success and spread in male and female monasteries. As of the 17 th century, if not even earlier, travellers from half of Europe arrived in Naples, attracted by the excellence of the musical and theatrical performances that they could enjoy in the monasteries of the city. This essay aims to reconstruct the times, the modalities, and the contents of the theatrical offerings in the female monasteries of Naples at the beginning of the 18 th century, all of which are still unknown today. In particular, the case of the Franciscan monastery of St Chiara will be examined. Through the patronage of Queen Maria Amalia, musical and theatrical performances played an active leading role in the configuration of a specific theatrical type and taste and increased the education of the nuns and young women who were educated in the monastery, representing and legitimising new feelings and sensibilities. The religious women found a way to talk of their feelings and concerns together; they forged relationships even with the environments outside of the monastery and especially with the Queen’s court and with the courts of the aristocratic palaces of their families of origin.
IT
Studi recenti hanno fatto luce sull’ambiente musicale e sul teatro monastico femminile di molte città italiane tra Cinque e Settecento, conferendo spessore documentario alla fama di cui tali forme di spettacolo godevano nella letteratura da viaggio e nella memorialistica cittadine dell’epoca. Si trattava di pratiche culturali vietate dalla normativa post-tridentina, eppure spettacoli teatrali, sia in prosa che in musica, ebbero una enorme fortuna e diffusione nei monasteri maschili e femminili. Napoli, in particolare, sin dal secolo XVII, se non da addirittura prima, richiamò viaggiatori provenienti da mezza Europa anche in virtù della eccellenza delle esecuzioni musicali e teatrali di cui era possibile fruire nei monasteri della città. Il saggio prova a far luce su tempi, modalità e contenuti dell’offerta teatrale dei monasteri femminili napoletani agli inizi del secolo XVIII, in particolare del monastero delle francescane di S. Chiara che, grazie al patronage della regina Maria Amalia, pare abbia avuto un ruolo attivo e trainante nella configurazione di uno specifico genere e gusto teatrali volto a incrementare l’istruzione delle religiose e delle giovani che venivano educate nel monastero, ma anche a rappresentare e legittimare sentimenti e nuove sensibilità. Le religiose vi trovarono un modo per raccontarsi, fare affiorare e comunicare i propri sentimenti e inquietudini, attivare forme di sociabilità e di relazioni sociali dentro e fuori il monastero, tra i monasteri e le corti, quella della Regina e le corti dei palazzi aristocratici delle loro famiglie di origine.
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