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Problematika jmenování a postavení biskupů německé národnosti v českých diecézích pohledem Svatého stolce

100%
Jonová J.
Studia theologica
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2014
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vol. 3
133-147
EN
An the time of the Habsburg Monarchy, the government in Vienna had a preference for candidates of German nationality for the Archbishop‘s sees. The situation changed significantly after the year 1918. It was acknowledged by the Holy See that believers of German origin had become a minority in Czech dioceses. They were not an insignificant minority, however, and consequently the Holy See continued to appoint German bishops as well. There was a German suffragan bishop in Prague, and a residential bishop of German nationality in the Diocese of Litomerice. In both cases, acceptance on the part of Czech believers (and government) was an important aspect in the process of choosing the German bishop. While in the Prague archdiocese, it proved appropriate to appoint a German auxiliary bishop (Remiger) for specifically the German believers, in Litoměřice, the appointed German bishop Weber demonstrated that due to his popularity and language skills, the issue of appointing an Auxiliary Bishop of Czech nationality was irrelevant.
2
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OSOBNOST BENITA MUSSOLINIHO A OBRAZ ITALSKÉHO FAŠISMU V ČESKÉM KATOLICKÉM PROSTŘEDÍ V KONTEXTU PRVNÍ REPUBLIKY

86%
Šmíd M.
Studia theologica
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2012
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vol. 14
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issue 4
127–144
EN
The aim of this study is to analyze the attitudes of the Czech Catholic milieu towards Italian fascism and the authoritarian leader of this movement Benito Mussolini over the years 1918–1938. Although the topic itself is appealing and intellectually stimulating, the relationship between the Czech Catholic Church and Fascism has not been systematically studied and analyzed yet. Enthusiastic Catholics were appreciative of this new dynamic movement with its spiritual anchor, morality, law and spirituality, which Fascism outwardly manifested. Over the course of the 1930s, as the relationship between Pope Pius XI and the Italian regime changed, Czech Catholics also realized that the authoritarian Fascist movement was not a third way, as it might have seemed in the mid–1920s. The study links to additional sources and literature.
3
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Americkí Slováci a autonomistické hnutie na Slovensku (1918–1938)

81%
Kucík Š.
Dvacáté století - The Twentieth Century
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2013
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vol. 5
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issue 2
79-114
EN
The author of the paper deals with the participation of American Slovaks in the autonomist movement in Slovakia in 1918–1938. He points to the significance of the Pittsburgh Agreement as one of the pillars of the autonomist movement, and its identicalness with the Cleveland Agreement, in the requirement of the federal organization of Czechoslovakia. He explains the initially cool attitude of the Slovak League of America to the question of the autonomy for Slovakia, its disapproval of the policy of the Slovak People’s Party and the split between the Slovak League of America and the Catholic faction of American Slovaks in this regard. The author further clarifies the eventual switch of the Slovak League of America to the autonomist movement in Slovakia. In the next part of the paper the author zeroes in on the support of American Slovaks for Slovak autonomist political parties in the parliamentary elections of 1925 and to Andrej Hlinka during his trip to the USA in 1926. He emphasizes the firm standpoint of American Slovaks in their demands for the autonomy of Slovakia from when the Hlinka Slovak People’s Party joined the Czechoslovak government in 1926–1928, all the way to 1938. The author also describes the determination of American Slovaks to bring the “Slovak question” in Czechoslovakia to international forums. The author further deals with the journey of the delegation of the Slovak League of America to Czechoslovakia in 1938 and its significance for the Slovak autonomist movement. He also points out that the Law on the Autonomyof the Slovak Province, passed on November 22, 1938, became the basis for the future asymmetrical reorganization of Czechoslovakia in defiance with the requirement of its federal organization on the basis of the Pittsburgh Agreement.
SK
Autor sa v štúdii zaoberá podielom amerických Slovákov na autonomistickom hnutí na Slovensku v rokoch 1918 — 1938. Poukazuje na význam Pittsburskej dohody ako jedného z hlavných východísk slovenského autonomistického hnutia a jej obsahovú totožnosť s Clevelandskou dohodou pokiaľ ide o požiadavku federatívneho štátoprávneho usporiadania Česko‑Slovenska. Vysvetľuje počiatočný zdržanlivý postoj Slovenskej ligy v Amerike v otázke autonómie Slovenska, jej odmietavé stanovisko voči politike Slovenskej ľudovej strany a rozkol medzi Slovenskou ligou v Amerike a katolíckou frakciou amerických Slovákov v tejto otázke. Autor ďalej objasňuje príklon Slovenskej ligy v Amerike k autonomistickému hnutiu na Slovensku. Poukazuje na podporu amerických Slovákov slovenským autonomistickým politickým stranám v parlamentných voľbách roku 1925 a Andrejovi Hlinkovi počas jeho pobytu v USA v roku 1926. Zdôrazňuje zásadné stanovisko amerických Slovákov v otázke požiadavky autonómie Slovenska od vstupu Hlinkovej slovenskej ľudovej strany do vlády v rokoch 1926 — 1928 až do roku 1938. Opisuje tiež odhodlanie amerických Slovákov predostrieť „slovenskú otázku“ v Československu medzinárodným fóram. V ďalšej časti štúdie sa autor venuje ceste delegácie Slovenskej ligy v Amerike do Československa v roku 1938 a jej významu pre slovenské autonomistické hnutie. Zároveň upozorňuje, že zákon o autonómii Slovenskej krajiny vydaný 22. novembra 1938 sa stal základom asymetrického členenia Česko‑Slovenska v rozpore s požiadavkou jeho federatívneho usporiadania v zmysle Pittsburskej dohody.
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Herrschaftsvermittlung an der Staatsgrenze?  : Der Staatsfeiertag und die Besuche der Präsidenten in Znojmo/Znaim während der Zwischenkriegszeit

72%
Kontny J. F.
Střed. Časopis pro mezioborová studia Střední Evropy 19. a 20. století. / Centre. Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies of Central Europe in the 19th and 20th Centuries.
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2015
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vol. 7
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issue 2
59-88
EN
The article deals with the celebrations for the Czechoslovak First Republic on the state holiday (October 28) and the visits of Presidents Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk and Edvard Beneš to the Moravian border town Znojmo/Znaim. Th is town on the Czech-German “language border” only became part of Czechoslovakia in late December 1918. During the interwar period, both the state holiday as well as the visits of the presidents were used to create loyalty to the state and its local representatives. Th ese events refl ect the understanding of the state in local politics. During the twenties, the celebrations on October 28 were solely dominated by Czech parties and resulted in confl icts with their German counterparts. The understanding of the state holiday changed during the thirties. Against the backdrop of political turmoil in Czechoslovakia and Europe, the festivities on October 28 provided an opportunity to construct unity in a multinational state.
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