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Funkcia vlastných mien vo vzťahu k politickej ideológii socializmu: na príkladoch zo straníckeho denníka Pravda v 60. rokoch

100%
Molnárová P.
Acta onomastica
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2021
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vol. 62
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issue 2
335-352
EN
Proper names are an essential part of political discourse that has a high descriptive value in relation to many aspects of society. This paper deals with proper names as a part of the ideologically influenced language of socialism in Slovakia in the 1960s. The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of contemporary ideology on a selected group of anthroponyms and chrematonyms in the official paper of Slovak Communist party ‒ Pravda. The source material consists of 232 texts from the years 1961‒1970, from which 662 proper names were selected and used in analysis. The research shows the influential position of personalities and institutions connected with the official ideology of socialism. Proper names also reflect the modification of public discourse as result of political changes in 1968.
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Vědeckotechnická revoluce a sovětská technická inteligence: Formování názorů na možnosti vývoje SSSR v 60. letech 20. století

100%
Muraško G. P.
Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
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2014
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vol. 100
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issue 1
95-111
EN
This study sets its goal to establish, on the basis of documents in the Russian archives that have been made accessible, that in the Soviet society of the 1960s a new concept was expressed about the possible development of the USSR. It was took shape in the milieu of the scientific, technical, and artistic intelligentsia and it emerged from an understanding of the social significance of the global changes that accompanied the transformation of industrially advanced countries into the new postindustrial period. The conception of potentially asserting a greater degree of freedom in public life predominated. The so-called “science cities” became the centers of these activities in the USSR. These towns had been built in various parts of the country and were equipped with top-of-the-line technical facilities and above- standard living and working conditions for the Soviet scientific elite.
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Kościół olkuski w reprezentatywnym raporcie Służby Bezpieczeństwa z 1960 roku

100%
Glugla P.
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie
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2019
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vol. 24
64-88
EN
This article contains information and analysis of the Security Service's operational activities against the Catholic Church in Olkusz, based on an archival document produced by the security apparatus. The territory in question belonged administratively to the Krakow Province, while in the church administration it belonged to the Diocese of Kielce. The document includes a number of important issues: a description of the Catholic Church in Olkusz, including deaneries, and the description and staffing of individual religious congregations (for which the security police also kept up-to-date documentation); Catholic activities, being part of the structures of the church organization of individual deaneries and their parishes; a current list of Catholic agents and assets; agent cases conducted against individual church objects and the clergy; repression of the clergy; issues of catechization; cases of religious construction; cooperation between the security division and civic militia; difficulties in the work of the Olkusz security service in church matters; and “hotspots” in Olkusz. Thanks to the agents it acquired, the security apparatus had current information on the functioning of the church in Olkusz, especially the clergy. Therefore, it could effectively watch over the church’s activities, neutralize many of its intentions, and punish defiant clergy in various ways. This edited archival document illustrates a wide range of issues dealt with by the Security Service of the 1960s. Its form, and this systematic range of issues, was imposed from above and was compulsory throughout the entire territory of the People's Republic of Poland.
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Mocenské prejavy KSČ v reflexii vlastných mien v straníckej tlači

100%
Molnárová P.
Acta historica Neosoliensia Vedecký časopis pre historické vedy
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2020
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vol. 23
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issue 1
52-71
EN
A research of proper nouns in language focuses on analysis of their persuasive function in journalism. The results are part of the dissertation project on the manifestations of political ideology of 1960´s socialism in language. The aim of the study is to point out, through names of institutions, political documents and anthroponyms, the way of enforcing a power of the Communist Party in society. Analyses based on political party press material reflect not only the built of party authorities, but especially the interconnection between history, language and the media. In the study there is a consideration between historical context of the era and its linguistic representation in the chosen sphere of language. As a result of the research of the power components in order to bring their ideological and authoritarian character closer, the text contributes to the critical analysis of political and ideological discourse of the 1960s in Slovakia.
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Modernizm a film autorski lat sześćdziesiątych w Chorwacji

87%
Gilić N.
Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication
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2019
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vol. 25
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issue 34
148-154
EN
Gilić Nikica, Modernizm a film autorski lat sześćdziesiątych w Chorwacji [Modernism and auteurial Cinema in Croatia in the 1960s]. “Images” vol. XXV, no. 34. Poznań 2019. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. Pp. 148–154. ISSN 1731–450X. DOI 10.14746/i.2019.34.09. Croatian film of the 1960s is colored by the poetics of auteurial cinema which was already emerging in the previous decade, but dominated in the 1960s, both in the production of cinema (both fiction films and animation), but also in the reception of these films with independent and ambitious critics. The text discusses the production modes of the era in Croatia and Yugoslavia, as well as several aspects of the poetics of cinematic modernism (its history and the importance of innovation), with Branko Ivanda’s feature debut Gravity (Gravitacija), in which all sorts of stylistic experiments blend well with traditional motifs and cinematic procedures, anticipating Ivanda’s auteuristic oevure.
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Helfer, šnobl, plejer, dacan : Domácí beletrie šedesátých let očima exilových recenzentů

72%
Přibáň M.
Česká literatura (Czech Literature)
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2016
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vol. 64
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issue 1
23-34
EN
During the 1960s émigré publishers book output fell markedly, which contemporary émigré critics responded to by shifting their attention to fiction published by official domestic publishers. Although émigré critics, as opposed to those at home, were in direct contact with current developments in world literature, they did not know the conditions under which Czechoslovak authors were working (and in which Czechoslovak publishers were preparing their new books for publication) from their own experience. On the one hand this enabled them to see new Czech fiction in its worldwide context, but then again they often found themselves entirely outside the readers’ and writers’ communication axis (and communication codes). The author of this study clarifies the personnel situation in 1960s émigré criticism, its value criteria and complex relations with the developments at home that were slowly moving towards the Prague Spring in 1968.
CS
V šedesátých letech zřetelně poklesla knižní produkce exilových nakladatelství, na což soudobá exilová kritika reagovala tak, že svou pozornost přesunula k beletrii vycházející v oficiálních domácích nakladatelstvích. Exilová kritika byla sice na rozdíl od té domácí v přímém kontaktu s aktuálním vývojem světové literatury, z vlastní zkušenosti však neznala podmínky, v nichž tvořili domácí autoři (a v nichž domácí nakladatelé připravovali jejich nové knihy k vydání). To jí na jedné straně umožnilo vidět novinky české beletrie ve světových souvislostech, na druhé straně se však často ocitala zcela mimo komunikační osu (a komunikační kódy) spisovatelů a adresátů jejich děl. Autor studie objasňuje personální situaci exilové kritiky šedesátých let, její hodnotová kritéria a složitý vztah k domácímu vývoji, pomalu mířícímu k tzv. pražskému jaru 1968.
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„Kadzidła i miętówki”. Orientalizm a psychodeliczne okładki płytowe w drugiej połowie lat sześćdziesiątych XX wieku

72%
Kaźmierczak J.
Prace Kulturoznawcze
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2017
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vol. 21
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issue 4
153-168
EN
The article focuses on three intertwining subjects: 1) psychedelic culture of the 1960s, 2) orientalism in culture and 3) album cover art. Its most important goal is to support the process of inclusion to the discussion about the orientalist phenomenon in popular music in the 60s the problematics of the design of album covers, which had been rarely taken into consideration in such context up to this day. Secondly, regarding the fact that the narration on the reflection about the album cover art of that decade tends to focus almost entirely on the artworks related to very few musical groups — most importantly The Beatles — another aim of this article is to point to the wider range of artists, who experimented with orientalist motives both in their music and in their professional image. Psychedelia can be seen in such context as an artistic current which produced the most fertile and culturally most significant fusion between orientalism and popular music in the 1960s. As the examples of this process, the album covers of such artists as The Byrds, Curved Air, The Jimi Hendrix Experience, The Moody Blues, The Rolling Stones or The Strawberry Alarm Clock, et al., are being named. The formal and contextual analysis of the presented spectrum of album covers (here narrowed down solely to American and British editions) rests upon the definition of psychedelic art as an artistic action inspired by the aesthetic components of psychedelic experience, rather than occurring under the direct influence of a psychedelic drug.
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Everyday Life as a Building Element of the Documentary Authenticity: about Scholars’ and Film Makers’ Common Paths

72%
Štoll M.
Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)
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2019
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vol. 29
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issue 4
297 - 307
EN
Everyday life is a natural subject-matter of historians’, philosophers’ and anthropologists’ research as well as a natural content of documentaries. Scholars’ and film-makers’ analytic methods are not identical, however their objectives are similar: to describe and to express what the world is and what it was. The study shows that the results of the research into everyday life can also be applied to the audio-visual material, and even to compact dramatic films and TV works. The author of the text proceeds mainly from Petr Sedlák’s approaches and he innovatively extends the terms “the scenery of everyday life”, introduced by Milena Lenderová, by the term “the props of everyday life”. He substantiates his arguments with three documentaries which are linked together by the theme and time of their origin (late 1960s). The films also represent three different approaches of their authors when working with the environment visualisation and with dynamics, rhythmisation, repetitiveness, and motivisation of their principal characters’ lives. With the films “Ztištění” by Rudolf Adler, “Císařští poddaní” by Jindřich Fairaizl, and “Respice Finem” by Jan Špáta, the author proves that everyday life and mainly its audio-visual presentation is used by documentary-makers as the basic ingredient of credibility, truth-resemblance, and building of their works’ authenticity.
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Arbeiterproteste gegen die Wirtschaftsreformen der 1960-er Jahre in Ostdeutschland und in Ungarn

72%
Bartha E.
Central European Papers
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2018
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vol. 6
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issue 1
115-138
EN
The article seeks to interrogate the question of how workers in the GDR and Hungary responded to the economic reforms of the 1960s, when the Communist leadership in both countries sought to implement a policy, which would lead to higher levels of consumption and consumer satisfaction. I chose two factory case studies to answer this question: the case of Carl Zeiss Jena in the GDR and the Hungarian Rába in Győr. The most important common characteristic of the two case studies is that the period of economic reform spoilt the established political consensus and even within the party there was a search for alternatives. As part of this political struggle, the party widened the social dialogue with the working class. Concerning the nature and content of working-class criticism of the economic reform, I single out three main similarities. Firstly, the working class widely responded to the dialogue that the party initiated: in the reform era workers accepted the party as a conversation partner and a respected political actor. It is important to stress that workers voiced remarkably open and harsh criticisms of the economic reform, which was implemented by the party in both countries, at public forums. This clearly shows that in the reform era the government took the social ‘feedback’ into consideration and the party took a sincere interest in the social dialogue with the working class. The second common characteristic is the fact that workers addressed not only the social consequences of the economic reform that they held to be harmful for the working class (increasing inequalities between managerial and working-class wages) but also the existing contradictions of the socialist system. This criticism was, however, an essentially left-wing criticism of actually existing socialism; the purpose of the critics was the reform of a socialist system and not the restoration of capitalism. As I document in the article, workers in both countries criticized unjust managerial privileges and increasing social and material inequalities, which we can hardly interpret as longing for a capitalist regime, which produces not less but more inequalities. The documented working-class criticisms rather lead us to conclude that in this era workers were open to a democratic reform of socialism. Thirdly, I list the most important common elements of the working-class criticism of the reform in the two countries. In both cases anti-reformist attitudes were manifest in working-class communities. East German workers protested against the economic incentives, which decreased average working-class wages; at the same time they also complained that other social strata (intellectuals, managers, self-employed) lived better under socialism than the working class. The Hungarian workers even more vehemently opposed the reform, which in their eyes benefited only the managers and the ‘peasants’. Apart from this criticism, however, workers in both countries spoke of the formality of enterprise democracy and the actual powerlessness of the working class in the state-owned factories. The statement that ‘at these meetings officials and the state leaders speak only, workers never make any comments’ indicates that the East German workers were as much critical of the missing working-class control of the factories as the Hungarians.
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Академик Петър Динеков и младият полски българист Едвард Можейко (епистоларни свидетелства от 60-те години на ХХ век)

58%
Иванова М.
Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne
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2020
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issue 19
169-190
EN
The article presents hitherto unknown letters in Polish by Edward Możejko, a Canadian scholar of Polish origin, to the Bulgarian scholar Petar Dinekov. These letters reveal the professional contacts between the two men in the 1960s when the young Możejko defends his dissertation on a topic in the field of Bulgarian studies at the Jagiellonian University and Dinekov is one of his reviewers. The letters are explored in the context of other documentary sources. The present study is part of a larger project on epistolary heritage testifying the active professional contacts of Dinekov with the Polish cultural intelligentsia.
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Parlament a parlamentarismus v budování a proměnách československé státnosti

58%
Felcman O., Hradecký T.
Historia Slavorum Occidentis
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2019
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issue 4 (23)
32-71
EN
The study focuses on the importance of the Parliament’s involvement in construction of the Czechoslovak state. With the exception of the German occupation, as the legislature of the Czechoslovak Republic, the National Assembly played an important role in affecting its republican and democratic character. The article discusses two of the most important stages of the formation of the Czechoslovak statehood. First is the Interwar period when the Czechoslovak statehood demonstrated features typical of parliamentary democracy with assumed parliamentary power, followed by the 1960s when the common state of the Czechs and Slovaks developed on a federal level.
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Umberto Eco’s New Paradigm and Experimentalism in the 1960s

58%
Pujol Duran J.
Zagadnienia Rodzajów Literackich
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2015
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vol. 58/116 z. 2
51-61
EN
In this paper I analyse the results of a paradigmatic shift in the history of experimental writing. Drawing from the historiographical structure of natural sciences proposed by Thomas S. Kuhn in The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962), I read Umberto Eco’s theory of the ‘open work’ as a narrativisation of that shift or ‘change of paradigm’. In The Open Work (1962) Eco reads James Joyce’s Ulysses (1922) as a watershed for Western history. Joyce’s writing, according to Eco, offered a successful response to the European context of the 1920s that would change the experience of reading and writing forever, as well as the understanding of literary experimentation. This Joycean shift becomes apparent in the 1960s, when experimental publications by authors such as Italo Calvino, Julio Cortázar, B. S. Johnson and Georges Perec indicate that something characteristic was shared under this new paradigm; something that I call an experimentalism.
PL
W niniejszym artykule analizuję wyniki paradygmatycznej zmiany w historii piśmiennictwa eksperymentalnego. Czerpiąc z historiograficznej struktury nauk przyrodniczych proponowanych przez Thomasa S. Kuhna w Strukturze rewolucji naukowych (1962), czytam teorię Umberta Eco o dziele otwartym jako narratywizację tej zmiany lub właśnie "zmianę paradygmatu". W Dziele otwartym (1962) Eco uznaje Ulissesa Jamesa Joyce'a z 1922 za datę przełomową w historii Zachodu. Pisarstwo Joyce'a, zgodnie z Eco, dało udaną odpowiedź na europejski kontekst lat 20., który na zawsze zmienił doświadczenie czytania i pisania, a także rozumienie doświadczenia literackiego. To przejście staje się widoczne w 1960 roku, kiedy wydawnictwa eksperymentalne publikowane przez autorów takich jak Italo Calvino, Julio Cortázar, B.S. Johnson i Georges Perec wskazują, że coś charakterystycznego było współdzielone w ramach nowego paradygmatu; coś, co nazywam tu eksperymentalizmem.
13
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El Movimiento Ecuménico y los orígenes mendocinos de la Teología de la Liberación

58%
Barón G.
Revista del CESLA. International Latin American Studies Review
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2020
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issue 26
327-346
EN
We propose in this paper a refinement and reformulation of the idea, popularized by Michael Löwy in his book The War of the Gods, of an elective affinity between Catholicism and anti-capitalism at the base of Latin American Liberation Theology. For this, we trace the story of the ecumenical dialogue at its origins in one of its South American poles, the city of Mendoza, Argentina. As a conclusion, we propose to revisit the definitions of Christian left, ecumenical movement, and liberation theology.
ES
En el siguiente artículo nos proponemos matizar y reformular la idea popularizada por Michael Löwy de una afinidad electiva entre catolicismo y anticapitalismo en la base de la Teología de la Liberación Latinoamericana. Para ello trazamos un recorrido histórico del diálogo ecuménico en el origen de esta corriente en uno de sus polos sudamericanos: la ciudad de Mendoza, en Argentina. Como conclusión proponemos revisitar las definiciones de izquierda cristiana, movimiento ecuménico y teología de la liberación.
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"An Offer Not to Be Refused": Ideology and Communist Party Membership before 1968 in the Narratives of the Czechoslovak Officer Corps

44%
Hlaváček J.
Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej
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2018
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vol. 8
81-105
PL
This study focuses on the reflection of the relationship between the army and ideology in Czechoslovakia in the 1960s. The main attention is paid to the issue of membership of Czechoslovak People's Army officers in the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia before 1968. Through the analysis of oral-historical interviews, the author follows the narrative and legitimizing strategies of rejecting or accepting party membership, which was one of the conditions of career growth in the military during the period under review. An important factor in (re) constructing narrators’ memories in this case is the current media image of the communist regime in Czech society.
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