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Поколение: модель и ее динамика (на материале русской классической литературы)

100%

Olaszek B., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. F.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Rossica

2015

vol. Zeszyt specjalny 2015

В статье на материале русской литературы XIX – начала XX веков рассмотрено становление модели поколения и ее динамика. На основании анализов сделаны следующие выводы: в изображении русских писателей модель поколения образовалась не столько на возрастной основе, сколько на почве общности исторического и культурного опыта. Модель поколения трансформировалась под влиянием важных исторических событий, интересов (искусство/наука), модных идеологий. Наиболее выразительный облик у поколений сороковых и шестидесятых годов – литературных отцов и детей. Отношение к этим двум традициям и тенденция освободиться от них стали основой идентификации очередных поколений: 1880-х, 1890-х и начала XX века. Внешним проявлением поколенческих отличий стал стиль жизни.

The paper presents an attempt to reconstruct a generational model and brings some reflections on the dynamics of its changes. The following conclusions have been drawn from the analysis of a selection of works: – the model of a generation was not age-related, but emerged in the consciousness of Russian writers on the basis of a shared social, cultural and historical experience; – the ways in which individuals make sense of the past and establish generational identities are manifest in their attitude towards the prevailing values and norm systems of older generations, as well as in references to the literary images – in this case particularly to those of the 1840s and 1860s generations, of ‘fathers and sons’ – through acceptance or rejection thereof; – members of the post-1880s generation rejected the legacy of their fathers, without offering anything in return, thus becoming a generation at the crossroads. The turn-of-the-century generation was characterized by an ambivalent attitude towards their predecessors: – the generational model evolved under the impact of historical events, fashionable ideologies and fascinations for art or science, which offered a common generational experience; – the style of life came to be the outward manifestation of generational differences.

Obraz nekrofilii w fantastycznej literaturze rosyjskiej XIX wieku (na podstawie twórczości Włodzimierza Odojewskiego i Aleksego Tołstoja)

84%

Kamińska-Maciąg S.

Slavica Wratislaviensia

2015

vol. 160

31 - 40

The phenomenon of using psychoanalysis in the study of literature has its roots as far as the beginning of the 20th century, when actual results of studies on psychiatric patients were first used as the key to understand the meaning of literary works. In this manner, Erich Fromm, the German psychiatrist whose theories on necrophilia and biophilia are the basis for this article, employed the psychoanalytic method to analyze works of literature. Inspired by Fromm’s conclusions, the author of the article proves that 19th century Russian literature is an adequate source for presenting Fromm’s theories applied to a fictional world. Considering the notions of necrophilia and biophilia as a suitable basis for interpretation, the author comes to a conclusion that the main character of Vladimir Odoyevsky’s Fairy Tale of a Dead Body that Belonged to Nobody Knows Whom, may be a valid epitome of Fromm’s notion of necrophilia, as well as the main character in Aleksey Tolstoy’s The Family of the Vourdalak, may be an example of a person with an inclination towards biophilia or at least a mixed tendency. The psychoanalytic exegesis of these works is a notable extension to the studies of that particular period in Russian literature.

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1 Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Rossica

1 Slavica Wratislaviensia

1 Kamińska-Maciąg S.

1 Olaszek B.

1 Uniwersytet Łódzki W. F.

2 2015

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Поколение: модель и ее динамика (на материале русской классической литературы)

Obraz nekrofilii w fantastycznej literaturze rosyjskiej XIX wieku (na podstawie twórczości Włodzimierza Odojewskiego i Aleksego Tołstoja)