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Interrupce v socialistickém Československu z foucaultovské perspektivy

100%
Dudova R.
Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)
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2009
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vol. 10
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issue 1
25-36
EN
The right to end an unwanted pregnancy as an integral part of the full citizenship of women has been influenced, reinfluenced, and questioned by different actors in the Czech Republic since the 1950s. Until 1986 the right to abortion was not viewed as a woman's personal right, but depended upon the decision of abortion commissions and was influenced by the current demographic and political situation. The decision-making process was a very embarrassing experience for many women, who in fact had no other means of contraception available to them. In this paper, the authoress analyses the legal and political regulation of abortion from the perspective of Foucault´s theory of governmentality and biopower. Abortion regulation is an example of how state power influences and disciplines the bodies of its subjects, how it regulates the population and shapes it according to the government's needs. Through the regulation of abortion, the state not only attempted to restrict a woman's right to make decisions about her own body, but also defined which of its citizens should or should not become a parent and under what circumstances, and who should or should not have the right to be born. In the text the authoress first presents the theory of governmentality, then she analyses the periods of the regulation of abortion in socialist Czechoslovakia, and finally she shows how this regulation can be understood as an instrument of a specific form of governmentality typical of totalitarian communist regime.
2

METAPHYSICAL AND MORAL ASSUMPTIONS OF THE DISCUSSION ABOUT INTERRUPTION (Metafyzicke a moralni predpoklady debaty o interupci)

100%
Belohrad R.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
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2009
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vol. 16
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issue 2
214-237
EN
The work analyzes two competing arguments in the issue of abortion and shows that each requires a different theory of personal identity. Further, the author analyzes those theories and he shows what moral premises they are compatible with and what implications there are for the abortion debate.
3
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RATIONAL PERSUASION, COERCION OR MANIPULATION? THE ROLE OF ABORTION IN CHINA´S FAMILY PLANNING POLICIES

88%
Quanbao J., Yixiao L., Shuzhuo L., Basten S.
Annales Scientia Politica
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2016
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vol. 5
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issue 1
5 – 16
EN
China’s recent history of family planning restrictions is well known. An increasing amount of attention has been paid to the role of abortion in both national and local policy implementation as well as individual-level decision-making. In this paper, we explore the recent history of abortion within the Chinese family planning policies within a broad bioethics framework. In particular, we explore themes of rational persuasion, coercion and manipulation at the various levels of implementation.
4
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O aborcji w perspektywie etyki szacunku dla życia. Polemika ze stanowiskiem Mary Anne Warren

88%
Brylla D.
Archeus. Studia z bioetyki i antropologii filozoficznej
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2013
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vol. 14
29-40
EN
The article presents the ethical orientation being against abortion. The text shows arguments that support the thesis of the reasonableness for not performing abortion and does it on the basis of the so-called Reverence for Life conception of morality, of which the main representative (at the same time the author) is Swiss philosopher and theologian Albert Schweitzer. The ethical philosophy in question proclaims that every Will to Live – i.e. life in its every manifestation – has the right to live. Because foetus, according to this orientation, will obtain the onthic status (since it is a manifestation of Life and in fact constitutes a kind ofWill to Live), the act of abortion will be disapproved. This viewpoint is in opposition to Mary Anne Warren’s one, who in her article Abortion is pro (performing) abortion – although she, in some way paradoxically, is reffering to Schweitzer’s moral system too. The present article argues with Warren’s point of view on abortion, advancing arguments for the contrary standpoint. Nevertheless, the present text does not opine that foetus has a status of human being – it claims for the right to life for embro due to its onthological worth and the fact that it hypostasises Schweitzer’s category of Will to Live.
5

K NAJNOVŠEJ LIBERTARIÁNSKEJ POLEMIKE O EVIKCIONIZME

88%
Turčan M.
Právny obzor. Teoretický časopis pre otázky štátu a práva (Juridical Review. Theoretical journal for the questions of state and law)
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2021
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vol. 104
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issue 1
54 – 65
EN
The paper deals with the libertarian conception of evictionism, as formulated by Walter Block, and its latest critique by Kerry Baldwin. They base their views on the value of private property, which includes body ownership, and both are opposed to current abortion practices. However, they differ in the question of the admissibility of the fatal „eviction“ of the fetus from the mother‘s body. In the paper the author critically analyses their arguments and concludes that, from the perspective of Rothbardian libertarianism, Block’s conception is basically more persuasive, but only if it is slightly modified.
6

NÁBOŽENSKO-ETICKÝ POHĽAD JUDAIZMU A ISLAMU NA PROBLEMATIKU ABORTOV

75%
Repková E.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
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2014
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vol. 17
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issue 2
-
EN
An abortion is a serious moral and social issue and arouses strong emotions all around the world. It is one of the most divisive issues in religion, science and law today. Is it ever right to terminate a pregnancy? Relatively it happens often that members of particular churches do not have cognizance of the stance on the issue of abortion of their church community. This may be caused by general public liberal approach to „not-interference, not-care“ that prevails in society. Much of the focus of this contribution, therefore, is on the historical and canonical sources which compared denominations – Islam and Judaism and are based on and also attempt to partially clarify the prevailing views on abortion of selected churches. The comparison of this contribution focuses on basic differentiating criteria - under what circumstances selected churches accept abortion. The article covers European monotheistic religion, which oppose deliberate abortion as immoral especially in the past.
7

REGIONÁLNE ROZDIELY V ČINNOSTI INTERRUPČNÝCH KOMISIÍ NA SLOVENSKU V 60. ROKOCH 20. STOROČIA

75%
Škorvanková E.
Populačné štúdie Slovenska
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2022
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vol. 15
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issue 2
107 - 135
EN
In the period of the 1950s and 1960s, the situation in Slovakia in the aspect of demographic development was very different from that of the Czech part of the republic. Marriage and birth rates declined throughout the country, but Slovakia maintained a more positive population trend. Slovak society was specific for a higher level of fertility than the Czechoslovak average, and the rate of fertility decline was also lower. This development accelerated in the first half of 1958, when the adoption of the law on abortion became more significant. However, the natural increase in population in Slovakia continued to be noticeably higher in 1959. Local differences within Slovakia are also interesting. In some regions, a high birth rate was recorded (e.g. in the Prešov, Žilina and Košice regions), while elsewhere the situation was negative (Bratislava). In this regional context, the problem of abortion and abortion commissions should also be analysed. In this paper I provide some regional differences in the activities and approaches of abortion commissions and regional differences in the approach to abortion based on the preserved sources.
8

Przypadek Marii spod Bochni. Próba analizy mikrohistorycznej procesu o aborcję z 1949 roku

75%
Klich-Kluczewska B.
Rocznik Antropologii Historii
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2012
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issue 1(2)
195-209
EN
The article presents possibilities and limits of adaptation of micro-historical methods to the studies of post-war Polish society on the example of the abortion trial that took place at the threshold of a social transformation of Stalinism era.
9
Content available remote

REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH LAW AND POLICY: LEGAL REFORMS IN THE AFRICAN SUB - REGION

75%
Aniekwu N. I., Uzodike E. N.
Hemispheres. Studies on Cultures and Societies
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2008
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issue 23
41-48
EN
Generally, law aims to achieve behaviours and actions that promote public good or limit harmful consequences to individuals. Reproductive health laws are legislative instruments by which states regulate reproductive health practices, and give effect to reproductive health policies. The emergence of concepts of reproductive health and rights that require implementation by pragmatic legal rules often presents special challenges to religious and moral authorities especially in African countries. In sub Saharan Africa, certain societal and cultural factors are increasingly being recognised as severely compromising women's health and well - being, and the need for principle -based legal provisions on reproductive and sexual health in national laws and Constitutions that would express the obligations entrenched in international instruments and human rights law have never been more paramount. This paper looks at the emerging developments in reproductive health law and policy in the African sub - region, and the impact of legislative reforms on gender specific issues such as abortion, female genital mutilation, harmful traditional practices, sexual and domestic violence.
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