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MÚZEÁ BEZ BARIÉR: SPRÍSTUPŇOVANIE VÝSTAV A EXPOZÍCIÍ PRE NÁVŠTEVNÍKOV SO ŠPECIÁLNYMI POTREBAMI

100%
Jamrichová L.
Muzeológia a kultúrne dedičstvo
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2016
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vol. 4
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issue 2
47 – 66
EN
It is not only a legal obligation, but also a moral and ethical imperative, that every cultural institution makes itself and its activities accessible to the public which includes people with various special needs. A careful analysis of these needs and the way to address them in a person‘s day-to-day life can be an inspiration for the creation of more accessible exhibitions and expositions. This paper analyses several types of such accessibility-improving measures by type, e.g. a guiding line through the exhibition, labels in Braille, haptic models and audio guides for those with visual impairments, video monitors and sign-language guides for those with auditory impairments, improved physical access for those with reduced mobility and alike. Additionally, the author highlight various small changes to the overall active and passive communication with the visitors that can be improved to access the exhibition‘s accessibility - after all, a well-prepared museum guide can often do much more to increase the visitors‘ engagement with the museum than any special tools. The final section of the paper contains a report on a survey of current exhibitions and expositions which are aimed at special needs visitors.
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Financování studia a vývoj v nerovnostech v přístupu k vysokoškolskému vzdělávání v České republice a Nizozemsku

86%
Mateju P., Konecny T., Weidnerova S., Vossensteyn H.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2009
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vol. 45
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issue 5
993-1032
EN
This article focuses on the connection between financial aid systems in higher education and the development of inequalities in access to higher education. Although the student financial aid system is just one of a number of factors that influence a person's chances of studying in higher education, its role in a person's decision to pursue higher education may be of fundamental significance for those with lower socio-economic status. Therefore, the authors of this article focus on the effect of the financial conditions of study on the chances that individuals from families with low socio-economic status have obtained higher education. The analysis looks at developments in the Czech Republic and the Netherlands, because Czech and Dutch student financial aid systems have been evolving in very different directions over the last two decades, while their secondary school systems continue to share very similar features. The analysis reveals that student financial aid based primarily on direct financial support (as in the Netherlands) was accompanied by a decline in inequalities in access to education, even though students had to pay tuition, while a system of financial aid primarily involving indirect support (as in the Czech Republic) applied over the same period did not inhibit increasing inequalities, despite the fact that during the period under observation students were not required to pay tuition.
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