Search results

1

THE RISK OF IMBALANCES IN THE FINANCING OF SOCIAL PROTECTION IN YJE CONTEXT OF DEMOGRAPHIC AGEING

100%

Boboc C., Voineagu V.

Contemporary Economics

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2008

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issue 1(5)

69-81

EN

In the next decades, developed countries will experience dramatic changes in their demographic trends. The retirement of the wide baby-boom generations, the increase in life expectancy and the decline in fertility ratios are likely to modify the size and the age-structure of their populations. The expected population ageing in European countries will burden the pension systems, especially wherever the pay-as-you-go pillar is predominant. Recently, migration has received a widespread attention as a solution to expected population decline and ageing in these countries. The flow of (young) migrants to developed countries is perceived as a means to alleviate the financial burden of pension systems. The aim of this contribution is to clarify the issue of aging on labor and capital markets in a macroeconomic perspective. A special attention is given to the risk of imbalances in the financing of social protection in the context of demographic ageing.

2

MINOR DEPRESSIONS IN ADVANCED AGE

100%

Arochova O., Potasova A.

Studia Psychologica

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2003

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vol. 45

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issue 2

121-130

EN

In a research on a group of senior citizens (N = 101, aged 60-87 yrs), the highly loaded items in the Anxiety-Insomnia Subscale of the General Health Questionnaire-28 imply that advancing age is a risk factor for the onset of the so-called minor depressions. In addition, it was found that the symptoms anxiety/insomnia are more highly loaded among senior citizens than in a group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, thus giving support to the view that there may be considerable discrepancy between real indicators of the quality of life and that experienced by an individual.

3

AGEING FROM A PLURALISTIC PERSPECTIVE

100%

Slováček P.

Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied

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2019

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vol. 22

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issue 2

1 – 9

EN

The issue of old age and ageing covers only the periphery in philosophy. This may be illustrated by taking a look at the history of philosophy within which only a few texts and authors could be found taking pains to shape our understanding of old age. There are two essential reasons for the historical marginal positioning of old age in philosophy: Firstly, the topic of old age and elderly people is less attractive; it struggles to make its way against the great issues of philosophy and is more found in its shade when regarding the issue of death. This statement proves valid both in considering the history of philosophy and modern philosophy within which not many authors pay attention to questions of old age and ageing. Secondly, it was only the qualitative development of environmental conditions, the possibilities of medical science and nursing care in the modern era, and also the low demographic increase in population, that have made the elderly an important part of the population, which, in turn, had them facing a number of challenges: self-realisation, the ideal of youth and, hopefully, the ideal of a successful old age. The article approaches the topic of the elderly, old age, and ageing from what is called a pluralistic position because this can allow for the avoidance of oversimplification which is often connected with the concept of loss.

4

LIFE SATISFACTION AND AFFECTIVITY (A RESEARCH PROBE)

100%

Potasova A., Prokopcakova A.

Studia Psychologica

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2003

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vol. 45

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issue 3

203-209

EN

A sample of 99 subjects from three age groups took part in a research probe intended to clarify the relationships between life satisfaction, accommodation flexibility and negative affectivity (anxiety). Although a comparison according to age failed to make it evident, a selection of Ss according to whether they are extremely satisfied or extremely dissatisfied with life showed that those satisfied achieve significantly higher scores in accommodation flexibility and statistically lower scores in anxiety measures than Ss extremely dissatisfied with life.

5

Evaluation of effects of fertility and mortality changes under the socio-economic transformation in Poland

100%

Kurkiewicz J., Stanowski M., Wegrzyn D.

Studia Demograficzne

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2004

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issue 1(145)

25-54

EN

The population structures and demographic processes and their interrelations are considered as the main determinants of future developments of the population. This study evaluates the influence of mortality and fertility changes on the population structure by age and sex in Poland in the period of socio-economic transformation. The different impact for the urban and rural populations is also taken into account. In the 1990s, the radical changes of fertility and family pattern took place, similar to those observed in the developed countries since the 1960s and called 'the second demographic transition'. However, due to different economic setting, changes in Poland had their particular characteristics and dynamics. Between 1990 and 2000 number of people in Poland rose slightly (by about 464 thousands). In these years positive trends in mortality were observed, concerning adult and older people as well as infants, which resulted in the extended life expectancy. In the same time, number of births was constantly declining and fertility went down. Population ageing was progressing. Projections of the population in Poland with the cohort-component method revealed that without improvement in mortality the increase of population would be smaller by 60 thousands of people. The greater increase was possible due to decline in mortality of men but the projected number of women in 2000 was also greater than observed. The residents of cities benefited more from the decline in mortality than the rural population. The most influenced by the mortality decline were children aged 0-10 years, men in age groups 45-55 and older people of both sexes (60-84). No increase was observed in the oldest age group (85+). Distributions of gaining and losing age groups were different for urban and rural areas. Improvements in mortality hardly influenced population ageing. With the constant mortality at the level of 1990, ageing at the bottom of the age pyramid would be faster than it was observed. Greater projected number of births than observed was the straightforward result of the fertility decline. The differences in the observed and projected numbers of births went up with time. The fertility decrease in the period under study contributed to population ageing, especially at the bottom of the age pyramid. Indirectly, it also influenced the structure at the top. Since the analysis was based on period measures, one can expect that the cohort fertility will be higher than the level shown by period rates. There are indications that a decline in fertility are mostly the result of postponing births rather than an established pattern of childlessness.

6

STARNUTIE S „DOPOMOCOU“ – ÚČASŤ STARŠÍCH ĽUDÍ V PROJEKTOCH VYVÍJAJÚCICH TECHNICKÉ ZARIADENIA PRE SENIOROV. PRÍKLAD AMBIENT ASSISTED LIVING

100%

Endter C.

Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

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2016

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vol. 64

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issue 3

271 – 279

EN

One of the strategies of successful coping with the challenges of population ageing is the development of assistance systems for elderly people. Thanks to them they can live in their own households for the longest time. This paper is based on an ethnographic case study and explains the ways elderly people are involved in the development of intelligent assistance systems. On the basis of participatory observation and qualitative interviews, it can be concluded that the participation of elderly people in the design of technological devices often happens at the final stage of approval of technical prototypes, as a result of which the perspective of the testing users cannot be appropriately considered in the prototype design. This means that the appearance and functions of the technical facilities are based mainly on the cultural premises and designer’s perceptions of the old age and ageing, and less on the experience and needs of their future users. The contribution observes this tension in relationships through ethnography.

7

Analiza procesu fotostarzenia folii opakowaniowych z tworzyw sztucznych

100%

Cholewa-Wójcik A.

Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie

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2012

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issue 893

15-25

EN

Plastic packaging materials during both use and storage are exposed to various factors that cause their destruction. One of the most destructive external factors for polymeric materials is ultraviolet radiation, which initiates photo-degradation processes. Possessing knowledge of the mechanisms of photo-aging and understanding the factors that intensify this process are essential to maintaining the plastic sheeting specified range of performance values during storage and use. The aim of this work was to analyse the photo-oxidising ageing process for chosen types of packaging films. Laboratory tests sought to determine the influence of UV radiation on polyolefin packaging films. The tests of how chosen factors affect the range and intensity of the changes in the properties of polyolefin films during ageing tests concern the physical properties of structural changes.

8

Genderové nerovnosti ve stáří: marginalizace a zvýhodnění žen ve stáří

100%

Hasmanova Marhankova J.

Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)

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2008

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vol. 9

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issue 2

28-36

EN

Ageing is process that is always gendered. Gender shapes the life biography and the norms and expectations that are imposed on individuals as they age. On the other hand, the experience of ageing affects the mechanism of creating and negotiating gender identity. This article critically discusses debates surrounding gender inequalities in old age. These debates often focus on older women as a group that is highly disadvantaged owing to the combined effects of sexism and ageism. This article critically discusses this 'problem of old women' and shows alternative views of women's experiences of ageing. It highlights the necessity to understand age and gender as two intertwining systems. It points out that ageing can in many respects create room for a redefinition of gender roles and expectation. The intersection of age and gender cannot be seen as a simple combination of two categories and must instead be viewed as a process that creates a specific social location, which can generate new forms of inequalities.

9

ENVIRONMENTAL ATTITUDES IN AN INTERGENERATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

100%

Petrová Kafková M.

Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

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2019

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vol. 67

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issue 2

201 – 215

EN

Environmentally oriented attitudes and values can be one of the sources of intergenerational tension or consent. Considering that climate change has become one of the major societal themes today, the issue of intergenerational tension or consent in approach to the environment is crucial. This issue could bring about a generational gap. Questions about intergenerational tensions bring us to age influence on environmental values. The influence of age on environmental values has been researched using the European Values Study (EVS) 1991 – 2017 in six countries. The cohort/age period effect is differentiated using cross-country comparison, comparison of age groups and cohorts. The results showed that the differences in environmental values are not affected by the cohort effect; age has only a weak influence. The period effect, the change in societies seems to be the major explaining factor. Great differences among European countries were found and this diversity is much higher than the effect of age.

10

VIRTUALL PROJECT IN 6 MUNICIPALITIES IN THE CENTRE REGION OF PORTUGAL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

100%

Sousa M., Cadima T., Veríssimo C., Assunção M., Fidalgo M.

Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

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2023

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vol. 71

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issue 3

227 – 243

XX

There is a growing interest in empowering older adults to age in place by different types of technology. In the last few years isolated programs with virtual reality, augmented and exergame was been developed in order to address the active and healthy ageing. The focus of this article is to analyse the influence of the VirtuALL project on 810 participants over 65 years old (76.5 ± 7.27 years; 76% female) from 6 Municipalities in the Centre region of Portugal. The findings revealed an improvement in digital skills, social interaction, physical and cognitive performance, suggesting that interventions that combine different technology with social innovation are assumed as an important strategy for the promotion of healthy aging and ageing in place, but additional research is needed to prove its effectiveness.

11

“SUCH IS LIFE THAT PEOPLE GET OLD AND CHANGE”: GENDERED EXPERIENCES OF AGEING BODIES FROM OLDER PERSONS’ VIEW

88%

Zeman Z., Geiger Zeman M.

Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

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2016

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vol. 64

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issue 4

447 – 462

EN

Ageing/aged bodies reflects gender norms and power relations. The paper is based on analysis of four focus groups realized in homes for older and infirm persons with participants older than 65 years. Old age and ageing are not gender neutral phenomenon – perception, experience, interpretation and strategies of managing of ageing/ aged body are gendered. For participants tidiness and cleanliness are most important despite gender. Dominant interpretations of focus groups’ participants reflect traditional understanding of gender roles, gender ideals and internalization of gender and age stereotypes: physical appearance is more important to women than to men; beauty and physical attractiveness are reserved for youth; female sexuality is interpreted as burden, obligation and source of pain for women; menopause is interpreted as beginning of declining; male ageing bodies were interpreted in functional terms. Negative attitudes toward all types of surgical interventions on face and body are dominant and in this aspect participants reject socio-cultural pressures for youthful and glamorous looking in old age.

12

LIVING THE AGEING

88%

Sasaki K.-i.

ESPES

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2023

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vol. 12

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issue 1

24 - 32

EN

Ageing is basically a natural or physical phenomenon. For a human being, it belongs to the body. When this fact is noticed, a drama of oldness and life/death begins: ageing is a problem of experience. There are losses and gains in this experience. Indeed, a particular respect was paid to a rhapsodist/bard and a hermit because of their memory power and deep wisdom respectively. Since we recognize in these cases accumulation and maturation, the core subject in the experience of ageing is memory and the time structure. Vis-à-vis the hard memories such as stone monuments and IC memory, the live memory is characterised by a creativity, which vivifies our past time. I pay a particular attention to friendship, because one of the most painful experiences of ageing consists in the loss of dear friends. Recollecting creatively the time shared with them, we can vivify our past, i.e. our being: that is the appropriation of ourselves.

13

POPULATION AGEING AS GENERATION SUBSTITUTIONS: ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL ASPECTS

88%

Káčerová M., Mládek J.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2012

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vol. 60

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issue 3

259 – 276

EN

The goal of the paper is recognition of the population ageing processes. They are using some new methods and techniques of study long-term trends and regional differentiation of population ageing in Slovakia. Number of many cognitive tools, the focus was mainly on the group of those using comparisons of different age generations – index of potential economic support, coefficient of inflow, outflow and exchange, index of social support, dynamic economic and reproduction ageing index. Applying these methods we were obtained new knowledge about trends and regional differentiation of population ageing in Slovakia.

14

Demographic Aspects of Labour Resources in Poland till 2030

88%

Rozner A., Stanny M.

Polityka Społeczna

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2008

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vol. 35

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issue 1(406)

1-5

EN

he presented analysis reveal some important facts to which attention should be drawn: (1) The period of systemic reforms inaugurated in 1989 coincided with the phase of demographic development characterised by exceptionally strongly extended reproduction of the population of working age. (2) After 2009 the demographic reproduction of labour resources will have a narrowed character. This fact will contribute to the emergence of far more favourable conditions for reducing unemployment. However, in rural areas narrowed reproduction will start later than in urban areas and it will have a less dynamic character. (3) In rural areas the narrowed reproduction of labour resources will start after 2014. More favourable conditions will emerge then for the restructuring of agriculture designed to lead to a reduction in the number of persons employed in agriculture and in the share of farming in the total structure of employment. (4) However, after a few years a new unfavourable phenomenon will surface, namely the phenomenon of the ageing of the labour resources and, consequently, of diminished propensity of persons looking for a job to show both spatial and vocational mobility. The process of ageing of the labour resources will be intensifying at a relatively high rate, especially after 2020. Although this tendency will surface both in rural and urban areas the labour resources in rural areas will be relatively younger and, consequently, characterized by greater mobility.

15

Healthy Ageing

88%

Golec M.

Polityka Społeczna

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2008

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vol. 35

|

issue 1(406)

5-7

EN

Ageing - this elementary biological process never before was so common within human population. This is due to prolongation of an average age, especially in developed countries. Population ageing results in deep changes within healthcare systems. Ageing processes can be described as growth of entropy causing decrease of repair. This results in elevated risk of disease. Healthy ageing is strictly connected to preservation of organs functionality. This depends on repair potential: proper response to stress factors. Thus it seems inevitable to change the main interest within health care sector from treatment of acute diseases to less spectacular, more composed methods of maintaining organs functionality and slowing down ageing processes. Due to these needs healthcare system is inevitably evolving into interdisciplinary health sector with increasing role of health promotion

16

PREFERENCE AKTIVNÍHO ŽIVOTNÍHO STYLU V KONTEXTU VĚKU A MÍRY EKONOMICKÉHO, SOCIÁLNÍHO A KULTURNÍHO KAPITÁLU

88%

Petrová Kafková M.

Sociológia (Sociology)

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2019

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vol. 51

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issue 2

198 – 218

EN

Activity is currently an integral part of the ageing concepts and is becoming more of a normative pressure to select and perform "appropriate" activities in old age. Therefore, the paper focuses on the determinants of the active lifestyle and their change with age. It confirms the influence of age and health on the inclination towards a more passive way of life and the limitation of the number of activities with age. However, there is also a strong conditionality by cultural, economic and social capital. People with higher levels of capitals have a more pro-active lifestyle and fulfil a wider range of activities. There is also a certain tension between the preference of active lifestyle in old age and the lower level of actual fulfilment in older age.

17

Možnosti migračního řešení perspektivního úbytku a demografického stárnutí obyvatelstva České republiky...

88%

Drbohlav D., Burcin B., Kucera T.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2008

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vol. 44

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issue 4

653-683

EN

The article draws on the concept of 'replacement migration', widely presented by the Population Division of the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs in 2000 and 2001, which elaborated a concept and conducted a comprehensive analysis of international migration as a solution to the problem of population declines and demographic ageing. This concept was applied as an example to selected countries in the world, the European region, and the European Union as a whole. It involves calculating the number of foreign migrants necessary to completely offset future changes in the size or age structure of the given country's population as a result of the predicted demographic trends. The following article describes the formulation of this concept and looks at its application on a general methodological level and in the specific case of the Czech Republic. A detailed description is given not just of the model used but also of its internal and external assumptions. The constructed model is then applied towards determining the necessary number of 'replacement migrants' in order to prevent a significant change in the Czech Republic in: 1) the total size of the population, 2) the average age of the population, 3) the percentage of people of working age, and 4) the ratio of people of post-productive to productive age. With the aid of the results the authors clearly demonstrate that while international migrants could effectively help maintain the current size of the population, they would not be able to prevent the continued ageing of the population or even have a decisive impact on the course of this process. With these findings the authors hope to contribute to the debate on the topic of the ageing population in the Czech Republic, and they call strongly for more intensive and especially more effective preparations for this real and unavoidable era in the development of Czech society.

18

CONSIDERING THE PREFERENCES OF ADULTS AND ELDERLY INDIVIDUALS WHILE EXAMINING THE SPATIAL JUSTICE OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF URBAN FACILITIES: A CASE STUDY OF THE SMALL TOWN OF FIĽAKOVO (SLOVAKIA)

88%

Póczošová V., Rišová K.

Sociológia (Sociology)

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2023

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vol. 55

|

issue 4

411 – 433

EN

By commonly requiring smaller walking distances, elderly have been considered more vulnerable when accessing urban facilities, and thereby have fewer urban opportunities than an “average adult”. Yet is not clear if this disadvantage remains significant after considering the different needs of the elderly. The main aim of this study was to provide an analysis of the spatial distribution of urban facilities, while considering differences in preferences for facility types of the elderly (over 65 years of age) and adults (under 65 years of age). Participants residing Fiľakovo (Slovakia) were asked to state a visitation frequency of urban facilities. All the facility types mentioned by the residents were then mapped. Accessibility to opportunities was calculated in a trigonometric model of fictitious public space users, with the differences between the age groups being tested with a Mann-Whitney U test. Areas of interest for adults and the elderly were calculated using Kernel density analyses. The results showed that even after considering the different needs and preferences of the elderly, there were still significant differences in opportunities within their walking distance compared to adults. The spatial patterns of the areas of interest were similar, but with higher values of the Kernel density in the case of adults. Inequalities emerged particularly in areas where facilities catering to daily needs were absent. Indeed, to mitigate the socio-spatial injustice, it would be beneficial to deconcentrate the municipality-controlled facilities.

19

LOCAL DEMOGRAPHIC TREND IN SLOVAKIA: PERCEPTION, SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS AND INTERDISCIPLINARY PROSPECTS (Lokalny demograficky vyvoj na Slovensku: percepcia, spolocenske implikacie a interdisciplinarne vyzvy)

75%

Bleha B.

Sociológia (Sociology)

|

2011

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vol. 43

|

issue 4

362-390

EN

Rapid demographical changes and ageing belong to the essential features of the transformation in post-communist countries. This issue was analysed by plenty of studies and publications characterised by a general as well as detail character. Thus, we know quite enough about the demographic essence of these changes, however, the social, macro-economical and social consequences and other wider aspects have been rarely analysed in Slovakia, in the Czech Republic as well as in other Central European countries. There is a scarcity of research on wide public perception of demographic trend. Moreover, we have not found any study about the perception of demographic trend by local authorities and central governments in these countries. This study tries to fill this gap. It represents a pilot research on how the Slovak local self-government authorities (mayors) perceive demographical changes. They have been asked if they understand population ageing, if they realize what factors influence it, what social consequences the demographical development brings, and if they have any population strategies and forecasts for their own municipalities. Since the spatial differentiation is very peculiar with regard to the demographic processes, the author tried to select different answers of mayors by linking them with several delimited regional types of municipalities and settlements. In addition to this geographical view, he discusses the need for a comprehensive approach in this field linking together demographical, geographical and sociological methods.

20

THE EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN VIEWING TIME ON DEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES

75%

Antal Z. L.

Tarsadalomkutatas (Social Science Research)

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2007

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vol. 25

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issue 3

275-295

EN

The paper surveys the demographic processes observable in the industrially developed countries, and next it studies the effects of religion on changing birth rates. Based on foreign and domestic researches the author calls attention to an effect hitherto not sufficiently studied of the 19th-century change of paradigm eliminating the infiniteness of the dimension of time, and reducing life to an interval between birth and death, refuting the possibility of existence after death. As a result fear of death has become stronger, and efforts are made to extend life by all means, burdening medical science and demanding new areas of research. Meanwhile the dignity of dying and the acceptance of death are lost. Societies are becoming aged, and the individual has 'forgotten about' the ancient axiom that life has to be passed on, but makes efforts to realise the self within the narrowly limited lifespan instead of having children, or just a limited number making developed societies unable to reproduce themselves.

Refine search results

THE RISK OF IMBALANCES IN THE FINANCING OF SOCIAL PROTECTION IN YJE CONTEXT OF DEMOGRAPHIC AGEING

MINOR DEPRESSIONS IN ADVANCED AGE

AGEING FROM A PLURALISTIC PERSPECTIVE

LIFE SATISFACTION AND AFFECTIVITY (A RESEARCH PROBE)

Evaluation of effects of fertility and mortality changes under the socio-economic transformation in Poland

STARNUTIE S „DOPOMOCOU“ – ÚČASŤ STARŠÍCH ĽUDÍ V PROJEKTOCH VYVÍJAJÚCICH TECHNICKÉ ZARIADENIA PRE SENIOROV. PRÍKLAD AMBIENT ASSISTED LIVING

Analiza procesu fotostarzenia folii opakowaniowych z tworzyw sztucznych

Genderové nerovnosti ve stáří: marginalizace a zvýhodnění žen ve stáří

ENVIRONMENTAL ATTITUDES IN AN INTERGENERATIONAL PERSPECTIVE

VIRTUALL PROJECT IN 6 MUNICIPALITIES IN THE CENTRE REGION OF PORTUGAL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

“SUCH IS LIFE THAT PEOPLE GET OLD AND CHANGE”: GENDERED EXPERIENCES OF AGEING BODIES FROM OLDER PERSONS’ VIEW

LIVING THE AGEING

POPULATION AGEING AS GENERATION SUBSTITUTIONS: ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL ASPECTS

Demographic Aspects of Labour Resources in Poland till 2030

Healthy Ageing

PREFERENCE AKTIVNÍHO ŽIVOTNÍHO STYLU V KONTEXTU VĚKU A MÍRY EKONOMICKÉHO, SOCIÁLNÍHO A KULTURNÍHO KAPITÁLU

Možnosti migračního řešení perspektivního úbytku a demografického stárnutí obyvatelstva České republiky...

CONSIDERING THE PREFERENCES OF ADULTS AND ELDERLY INDIVIDUALS WHILE EXAMINING THE SPATIAL JUSTICE OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF URBAN FACILITIES: A CASE STUDY OF THE SMALL TOWN OF FIĽAKOVO (SLOVAKIA)

LOCAL DEMOGRAPHIC TREND IN SLOVAKIA: PERCEPTION, SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS AND INTERDISCIPLINARY PROSPECTS (Lokalny demograficky vyvoj na Slovensku: percepcia, spolocenske implikacie a interdisciplinarne vyzvy)

THE EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN VIEWING TIME ON DEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES