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EN
The paper investigates revealed comparative advantages and competitiveness of the Hungarian and Slovenian agro-food trade in the three main European Union markets between 1993 and 2003. The Balassa index indicates that both countries have lost comparative advantage for a number of product groups over time. The results show that in Hungarian two-way agro-food trade the prevalence is on successful price competition and on successful quality competition. In Slovenian two-way agro-food trade the prevalence is on unsuccessful price competition and unsuccessful quality competition. The tests for consistency associations between the revealed comparative advantages and the competitiveness measures confirm similarities and differences in the results.
EN
EU accession has changed the agro-food trade of New Member States, including Hungary. The article focuses on analysing the changing structure and comparative advantage of Hungarian agro-food trade by product group and degree of processing. It aims to provide a clearer analysis of the effects of EU accession on Hungarian primary and processed agro-food trade by employing the latest data. Results confirm that revealed comparative advantages have weakened after accession and that the vast majority of products had a revealed comparative disadvantage after 2004. It is clear that accession has radically changed the survival time of agro-food trade, reasons for which are also identified.
EN
We analyse Slovak imports and exports of selected agro-food commodities between 1996 and 2005. The analysis includes the EU-15, selected new member states and candidate countries (Romania, Bulgaria), the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), USA and the rest of world (ROW). We show that the dynamic panel data models are appropriate tools for modelling of the agricultural trade flows. We find positive effects of the accession to the EU on Slovak agro-food export flows to the EU-15 and the other regions, while the Slovak agro-food imports show lower growth dynamic. Thus, the agricultural and food processing sectors in Slovakia have benefited from the gradual liberalization of the agro-food trade after the EU enlargement.
EN
The authors analyse agro-food trade structures of Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) with the European Union (EU-15) market to identify the specialisation patterns during the pre-accession using different trade indices. The analyses assess whether these patterns in the CEECs agro-food trade structures indicate convergence of the agro-food trade specialisation. They find that CEECs agro-food export has converged towards greater structural similarity with the EU-15 market, but less in high and very high quality differentiated agro-food products. This implies some of the CEECs pre-accession integration difficulties with higher valued agro-food products on the EU-15 market during adjustments and structural changes of CEECs' agro-food export patterns towards more competitive EU-15 market.
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