Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 5

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDS
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1

Odzież z krypt grobowych archikatedry w Lublinie. Analiza kostiumologiczna

100%
Drążkowska A., Grupa M.
Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej
|
2012
|
vol. 60
|
issue 2
319-329
EN
During the exploration of St John’s metropolitan cathedral in Lublin in 2002 a large collection of lay clothing was gathered from the crypts under the southern aisle. Apart from garments and accessories the finds included fragments of textiles used to line coffins, cushions, scapulars and haberdashery (lace, gold and silver braid, silk cords). Unfortunately, only a few selected garments underwent conservation. Despite the poor condition of the remaining items, and taking into consideration that they will decay with time, the whole collection of 70 items was analysed from the costume-studies perspective. The garments were divided into two classes: those that were normally worn before the burial and those that were prepared especially for the burial. The division was based on differences in cut, in ways of joining elements and in trimming. Within the first class three categories were further distinguished: men’s national dress, men’s clothes modelled on Western fashion and women’s clothes. Features of dress intended for normal use were also found in some accessories, e.g. headgear, belts, gloves and stockings. All the elements of those garments were carefully cut, modelled and trimmed, and they were neatly joined with close backstitch or straight stitch. The second class, that of “one-use-only” garments, comprises items in which the cut and the joining of elements indicate that they were prepared especially for the funeral and could not be normally worn. Their elements were joined with shoddy straight stitch or basted and the edges were folded and ironed flat. There were several examples of simplifying the construction by not attaching the back part of the garment. This class also embraces garments that were used as everyday clothing but were specially adjusted for the burial. Special garments sewn for burial only include the so-called “death shirts”, dresses and some headgear. Two of the items found in Lublin were children’s overcoats of Polish national style remade for burial dress. Almost all the items analyses were made of silk; the only exception is a cap cut of felt. The finds from Lublin form the largest collection of burial clothes excavated in Poland.
2

Wyposażenie grobowe zmarłych od średniowiecza do XVIII wieku z cmentarza przy kościele p.w. św. Katarzyny na warszawskim Służewie

100%
Dąbrowska M.
Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej
|
2012
|
vol. 60
|
issue 2
330-354
EN
In 1996-2001 St Catherine’s church in Służew in Warsaw was the site of archaeological exploration undertaken in connection with conservation works. Due to numerous cracks in the elevation, caused by the rapid development of urban infrastructure and changes in the structure of the ground, the church had to be renovated, which was also a chance for archaeological excavations in the temple itself and around it. St Catherine’s church is one of the oldest in Warsaw. The first temple built in this place by canons was probably wooden; the stone church was erected in the 15th c. Despite damages and reconstructions the church survived until our times in basically unchanged size and form, preserving many characteristics of the Masovian gothic style. The surroundings and the inside of the church served as burial ground since the parish was established until 1840. The excavations revealed 621 burials – 285 inside the church and 336 around it - as well as 16 mass re-burials. The mass graves contained loose bones from graves destroyed in the course of various reconstructions of the church and dug out while preparing new graves. This indicates that in fact the area explored was the interment place for many more bodies, especially that it proved impossible to delimit the precise boundaries of the cemetery. The bodies were buried, depending on the social status and affluence of the dead, in box coffins, coffins made of hollowed tree trunks or without coffins, wrapped in shrouds. The most elaborate burials, with coffins placed in stone tombs, were found in the presbytery, which was traditionally reserved for the founders and benefactors of the church. In about 15% of the 621 explored burials more sepulchral accessories were found than was required by the funeral convention of the epoch. They were classified into three groups. The first group comprises ornaments: earrings, temple rings, beads, parts of necklaces, rings and wreaths. The second group are devotional items: medallions, crosses, holy pictures, plaques, scapulars and rosaries. The third groups are coins, given to the dead in accordance with an ancient tradition as “Charon’s fee”. Each group is loaded with different meanings. Ornaments were certainly tokens of the devotion of the living and their commemoration of the dead person’s likings. Devotional items marked the person’s belonging to a religious community, while coins should be treated as a proof of ancient traditions and beliefs still being remembered. In the case of St Catherine’s church the finds come from a span of several centuries - from the mid 13th c. to the mid 19th c., which helps in interpreting the significance of sepulchral accessories. The largest group were ornaments; among the oldest ones are temple rings dated to the 2nd half of the 13th c. (fig. 4, 5a) and a ring with a viper’s head (fig. 8). This group also includes wreaths, of which only fragments survived (wires, sequins, dried flowers). Wreaths were found in burials dated to the 17th-18th c. Most numerous among the ornaments were beads of various shapes and sizes. The oldest ones, 2.5-3 mm in diameter, are dated to the second half of the 13th c., while the newest, mass-manufactured ones probably come from the 18th c. (fig. 7). Ornaments also comprise rings; notable among them are rings with painted-glass stones showing Our Lady of Częstochowa (fig. 11). Other notable finds of this class are golden earrings from the 19th c. and a golden ring with an inscription inside, reading “A friend’s gift”. Devotional items included bronze crosses and medallions showing saints, as well as medallions painted on glass (one- and two-sided). Notable among them medallions showing Our Lady of Częstochowa (fig. 16-18). The Madonna is shown wearing a crown as the Queen of Poland, which is a detail important in dating. Most of the coins found were low-value coins from the times of Sigismund III and John Casimir, but there was also a coin from the times of Alexander I, issued in 1823, and a coin issued under the rule of Frederic Augustus, which was in circulation until 1840. The excavations reveal two periods marked with sepulchral accessories: the late Middle Ages, from which only ornaments have survived, and the period from the 17th to the 19th c., when the accessories were more varied, including headgear, jewellery, devotional items and coins. Their material value was insignificant, but they certainly carried a huge emotional load
3

I po szpilkę warto się schylić. Znaleziska późnośredniowiecznych i wczesnonowożytnych szpilek z wykopalisk na zamku w Pucku

100%
Talaga M.
Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej
|
2012
|
vol. 60
|
issue 1
3-20
EN
The ongoing progress in techniques of archaeological exploration results in increasing numbers of late medieval and early modern pins being discovered. 164 such pins were obtained during recent excavations at castle site in Puck, Poland. Since this kind of artifacts has been only rarely researched this paper aims at assessing the potential they carry for studying the culture of Middle Ages and Modern Era. It presents the archaeological literature concerned with describing, classifying or publishing pins. Since such literature is scarce outside Great Britain mainly British researchers are quoted. Due to this fact the methodology of description and classification has been based on British, most notably C. Caple’s, works. However, the typology based on forms of pin heads proposed by C. Caple proved insufficient to grasp all the examples of pins from the Puck assemblage. Thus the introduction of some additional types has been necessary. The assemblage from Puck has been characterized including the historical and archaeological context. The material used, traces of coatings visible on the surfaces of the artifacts, metric traits and state of preservation were all described. The analysis started with gathering the available information on the techniques of production employed in pin-making. Due to the limitations of the sources only the production of pins with wound-wire heads could be precisely inferred. The connection between pin-making industry and early attempts at labor division and mechanization has been briefly discussed. Then the evolution of pin forms, observed by the author and other researchers, has been examined. Moreover, an attempt at solving the problem of what craftsmen in Poland were responsible for producing pins has been made. Comparisons with the analogies from German Empire and examination of written, iconographical and linguistic sources lead author to the hypothesis that it was the iglarze (needlers), who were producing pins in Poland. Finally many written, ethnographic and iconographic sources from Western Europe and a few archaeological discoveries from Poland have been quoted in order to present the ways the pins were used in the past. Especially their sepulchral functions have been closely studied. The paper ends with an attempt at inferring the specific functions fulfilled by pins in an unusual household which was the castle in Puck.
4
Content available remote

QUESTIONABLE SKULL TREPANATIONS IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS OF HUMAN SKELETAL REMAINS FROM SLOVAKIA

88%
Jakab  J.
Študijné zvesti
|
2023
|
vol. 70
|
issue 2
213 – 220
EN
The aetiology of openings in the skull can be of different origin. Apart from disease, they can be associated with intentional surgical interventions, accidents, or violent encounters. It is not easy to distinguish between individual types of openings, especially if showing signs of healing. In general, it seems that especially the re-evaluation of skull openings labelled as ‘trepanations’ is required, as most of the lesions seem to have been insufficiently documented and/or may have been misdiagnosed, as demonstrated in this article on the example of cases from Slovakia. By providing detailed description of skull perforations caused by trepanation and those caused by injury, the author of the article discusses the allegedly trepanned Early Bronze Age skulls from Slovakia, pointing to the need of proper documentation and anthropological evaluation of the perforated skulls in general.
5

HLOHOVECKÁ VETVA RODU ABA

88%
Gálik Z.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2018
|
vol. 66
|
issue 1
3 – 25
EN
The aim of the study was to point the importance of the Hlohovec branch of the Aba family. It owned and created not only the castle lordship of Hlohovec, but also Dobrá Voda or Branč. Therefore, it is important for knowledge of this region in the second half of the 13th and beginning of the 14th centuries. The study also devotes attention to the architectural monuments and archaeological finds of this period from Hlohovec. It describes the domain of the Aba family not only in the immediate surroundings of Hlohovec, but also in the Galanta district. It traces the fate of Hlohovec, closely connected with the Aba family in the period 1276–1316. Finally, it considers the property exchange between the Aba family and Abraham Rufus in 1297 and the granting of a second settlement to Abraham Rufus of Červeník in 1294 and his military achievements.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.