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The Rulemaking Procedure – Definition, Concepts and Public Participation

100%
Rakar I., Tičar B.
DANUBE: Law and Economics Review
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2015
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vol. 6
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issue 2
109-119
EN
The importance of delegated legislation is growing in both the quantitative and qualitative sense. Under the American system, the so-called division of rulemaking authority between the legislative and executive branch was resolved at a very early juncture and in a highly pragmatic manner by applying the fundamental principles of the legislative procedure to the level of the rulemaking procedure, which primarily implies the transparency and openness of the latter. Conversely, Continental Europe did not develop a general theory of public participation which could provide a basis for the search for solutions to the situation. The purpose of this paper is to present different concepts of the rulemaking procedure and discuss the question of public participation. We conclude that, as the quantity and complexity of societal relationships grow, it is fruitful to use the so-called problem-solving model of the rulemaking procedure as a starting point for its procedural arrangement. This allows us to focus on the role that civil society, interest groups and the general public play in the contemporary governance process.
2
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Biden’s Burden: Cleaning up Trump’s environmental mess

100%
Cole D. H.
Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne
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2021
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vol. 19
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issue 2
43-68
PL
Zanim Stany Zjednoczone będą w stanie zrobić postęp w dziedzinie polityki klimatycznej czy, mówiąc ogólniej, polityce środowiskowej, nowa administracja Josepha R. Bidena musi najpierw naprawić zniszczenia dokonane przez jego poprzednika na urzędzie prezydenckim, który rozmontował działającą do tej pory politykę klimatyczną USA, wyprowadził kraj z Porozumienia Paryskiego i rozpoczął proces odbierania Agencji Ochrony Środowiska (EPA) możliwości przeciwdziałania trucicielom. Sądy blokowały niektóre z bardziej jawnych antyśrodowiskowych polityk forsowanych przez Administrację Trumpa z uwagi na naruszenia Ustawy o Procedurach Administracyjnych z roku 1946 i/lub wyraźnych postanowień zawartych w statutach o ochronie środowiska (takich jak Ustawa od Czystym Powietrzu lub Ustawa o Czystej Wodzie), ale Administracja Bidena wciąż ma wiele pracy do wykonania w tej kwestii. Do tej pory Biden już ogłosił, że USA powrócą do Porozumienia Paryskiego, jako część swoich planów nie tylko odbudowania lecz także rozszerzenia polityki klimatycznej przyjętej wcześniej przez Administrację Obamy. Niniejszy esej wyjaśnia jak Administracja Bidena planuje osiągnąć cele polityki klimatycznej, stosując w większości te same narzędzia administracyjne jakie Administracja Trumpa wykorzystała ażeby zdemontować politykę klimatyczną z czasów prezydentury Obamy. Autorzy koncentrują się, między innymi, na zaletach i wadach jakie niesie ze sobą administracyjne realizowanie celów raczej niż omawiają procesy prawne typowe dla tego obszaru
EN
Before the US can make progress on climate policy or environmental policy more generally, the new administration of President Joseph R. Biden must first undo the damage created by his predecessor in office, who dismantled existing US climate policy, pulled the US from the Paris Agreement, and sought to disable the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) from regulating polluters. The courts blocked some of the Trump Administration’s more egregious anti-environmental protection policies for violating the 1946 Administrative Procedures Act and/or the express terms of an environmental protection statute (such as the Clean Air Act or Clean Water Act), but the Biden Administration still has a great deal of work to do. Already, Biden has announced that the US will rejoin the Paris Agreement as part of its plans not just to reinstate but to expand on climate policies adopted during the Obama Administration. This essay explains how the Biden Administration plans to achieve these climate policy goals, using mostly the very same administrative tools that the Trump Administration used to undo Obama era climate policies. Inter alia, advantages and disadvantages of pursuing policy goals administratively, rather than through legislative  processes, will be addressed.
3

Inspection Regulation between General Procedural Codification and Field Specifics – a Case Study of Slovenia

100%
Kovač P.
DANUBE: Law and Economics Review
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2016
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vol. 7
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issue 1
1-17
EN
Inspection, as the authoritative supervision of private liable persons to comply their activities with sector-specific laws, should ensure the full implementation of public policies. Slovenia adopted the Inspection Act (IA) in 2002, in order to conduct efficient inspection, and simultaneously guarantee the defence rights of the supervised parties pursuant to the fundamental principles of the EU, the national Constitution, and general Administrative Procedure Act. This article addresses the search for a balance between general codification and sector-related specifics as stipulated by the IA, applying normative, constitutional case law and comparative methods. Special attention is dedicated to the IA rules regarding participants, their legal protection and stages of respective proceedings. It has been concluded that the most of the IA specifics are justified in order to efficiently serve the public interest. This study reveals that the Slovene IA can represent a role model for efficient yet democratic supervision in other MS as well.
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