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EN
A review of a book by Christina Thornell & Karsten Legére (eds.) "North-South Contributions to African Languages".
EN
A review of a book by Anja Oed and Uta Reuster-Jahn (eds) "Beyond the Language Issue. The Production, Mediation and Reception of Creative Writing in African Languages".
EN
A review of a book by Thomas Bearth, Jasmina Bonato, Karin Geitlinger, Lorenza Coray-Dapretto, Wilhelm J.G. Möhlig, Thomas Olver (eds.) "African Languages in Global Society. Les langues africaines à l’heure de la mondialisation. Lugha za Kiafrika kwenye enzi ya utandawezi".
EN
A review of a book by Gabriele Sommer and Clarissa Vierke (eds.) "Speech Acts and Speech Events in African Languages".
EN
A review of a book by Norber Cyffer & Georg Ziegelmeyer (eds.) "When Languages Meet. Language Contact and Change in West Africa".
EN
A review of a book by Georg Ziegelmeyer, Norbert Cyffer (eds.) "Aspects of Co- and Subordination. Case Studies from African, Slavonic, and Turkic Languages".
FR
Le ‘Sprachbnud’ de l’Afrique Nord-Est ou, autrement, Macroethiopien, existe malgre des oppositions hypercritiques de certains linguists. Il englobe au moins 9 moindre ‘Sprachbuende’ que j’ai déjà identifie en 1991 et, a cette occasion, j’ai aussi demontré que seulement 6 traits des langues appartenant a ce ‘Sprachbund’, figurant sur la liste de Ferguson (et de Bender!) de 1976, peuvent etre considerés comme etant apparus a la suite de contacts et d’interferences, tandis que les autres traits communs decolent de la parente dans le cadre du semitique et du chamitosemitique. Je propose, au total traits types pour ce ‘Sprachbund’, auxquels il faut ajouter ceux etablis par Crass, Meyer et Bisang et cette liste sera, tres probablement, elargie. En Afrique, il existe de nombreux autres ‘Sprachbuende’ qui, souvent, s’embriquent, mais ne sont pas fondés, notamment a cause d’un degré trop elevé de generalité et du hasard, les tentative de considerer toute l’Afrique comme un seul grand ‘Sprachbund’ et de chercher des traits pretendument africains typiques.
EN
The goal of the article is to present the multilingualism in the countries emerged from former Portuguese colonies in Africa where, alongside the official Portuguese, more or less numerous native African languages are to be found together with various mixed languages. All of the analysed countries are bi- or multilingual, in each the status of Portuguese is different, and so are the number and the status of national languages. In some, creole languages have developed while in others such mixed languages do not exist. One might ponder the reasons for this linguistic diversification, and as a result, observe both the differences and the shared characteristics of the analysed countries, and identify the factors that might have created this sharp contrast. It is the goal of the present paper to attempt to answer these questions.
EN
The article deals with the influence of words of African origin on the formation of American English [AE] word stock. It provides new interpretation of Africanisms and shows the significance of this part of vocabulary in determining the characteristics of the American culture. The investigation is based on the existing sources (mainly lexicographic works) and is aimed at their new structural and functional analysis. As a result of the research, it became clear that most of the words of African origin were introduced to English spoken in America in the 17th century and some in the 18th and 19th centuries. The number of words and expressions from African languages that were introduced was closely related to African Americans’ way of living, their spiritual believes, rituals and attitudes and various objects used by them such as weapons. The word stock of the English language was enriched due to the assimilation of loanwords from languages of Africans living in America. A significant contribution to AE is the great amount of words naming animals, fruit, foodstuff, names of states, rivers and lakes, cities and towns.
EN
The article discusses greetings and farewells of a typical conversation in two Bantu languages: Swahili and Zulu. The conversation usually comprises the greeting followed by the enquiry about each other’s well-being, the actual conversation, and then the parting farewell. The article outlines the importance of nonverbal, sociolinguistic, and situational factors of the salutation. The objectives of the paper are to explore the feasibility of considering the salutation in Bantu languages as being uniform, to determine some common trends in the salutation, and to discuss the aspects that may have an impact on the form of the salutation, in languages in general and in Swahili and Zulu in particular.
EN
In Africa, the use of African languages in education is often reduced to a mere change of medium. This cannot work, as past experiences have amply shown and this rationale is even reinforced by globalization. The use of African languages in school must be buttressed on their inner strength, viz., local lore and orality. We suggest this can be achieved through a revamped and rebased primary schooling relying on the implication of community members. This in turn could alleviate some of the shortcomings formal education presently experiences. Such a change of framework is urgent, particularly in urban areas, to ensure transmission of linguistic and cultural legacies.
Roczniki Humanistyczne
|
2021
|
vol. 69
|
issue 6
171-187
PL
Znajomość języków obcych pomaga w nawiązywaniu kontaktów. Do biegłej komunikacji nie wystarcza znajomość słownictwa i reguł gramatycznych danego języka, ale równie ważne są kompetencje socjokulturowe, czyli znajomość norm dyskursu. Nawet jeśli nie jesteśmy biegli w danym języku, stosując właściwe normy konwersacji i zachowania niewerbalne, możemy wpłynąć na przebieg rozmowy. W artykule przybliżam kulturowe zasady komunikacji w kilku językach afrykańskich na przykładzie pozdrowień.
EN
Knowledge of a foreign language facilitates communication. In order to be fluent in a foreign language, it is not enough to learn its words and grammatical rules, but one has to also be aware that there are additional, culture-bound norms that govern communication practices among various language groups. Even if one is not fluent in a foreign language, it is possible to make communication successful by applying appropriate non-verbal behaviour. In this article, I present communicative culture-related greeting rules among different African communities. I focus on the main factors that govern acts of greeting in different African languages.
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