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Abstrakcja od konkretu? Rola abstrakcji w myśleniu socjologicznym

100%

Marczak-Markowski J. J., Markowska-Marczak B.

Kultura i Społeczeństwo

2023

vol. 67

issue 1

123-143

The article’s main aim is to analyse the sources of the opposition between the notions of abstraction and the concrete, widespread in common thinking, and the assumption that each abstraction is secondary to empirical (concrete) reality. The authors call these concepts “abstraction from the concrete”. The article consists of a historical introduction pointing to the potential sources of the above prejudice and a critical reconstruction of the pattern of thinking regarding the ladder of abstraction metaphor, based on the example of the work of Richard Swedberg. In its final section, The last part of the paper focuses on interpretation and analysis of the consequences of the author’s main argument and the definition of abstraction he proposes in light of Alfred Korzybski’s general semantics and Alfred N. Whitehead’s philosophy of science.

Logika racjonalności. W stronę modalnego platonizmu matematycznego

89%

Wilczek P.

Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce

2011

issue 49

98-122

In this article Whitehead’s philosophy of mathematics is characterized as a Structural Second-Order Platonism and it is demonstrated that the Whiteheadian ontology is consistent with modern formal approaches to the foundation of mathematics. We follow the pathway taken by model-theoretically and semantically oriented philosophers. Consequently, it is supposed that all mathematical theories (understood as deductively closed set of sentences) determine their own models. These models exist mind-independently in the realm of eternal objects. From the metatheoretical point of view the hypothesis (posed by Józef Życiński) of the Rationality Field is explored. It is indicated that relationships between different models can be described in the language of modal logics and can further be axiomatized in the framework of the Second Order Set Theory. In conclusion, it is asserted that if any model (of a mathematical theory) is understood, in agreement with Whitehead’s philosophy, as a collection of eternal objects, which can be simultaneously realized in a single actual occasion, then our external world is governed by the hidden pattern encoded in the field of pure potentialities which constitute the above mentioned Field of Rationality. Therefore, this work can be regarded as the first step towards building a Logic of Rationality.

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1 Kultura i Społeczeństwo

1 Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce

1 Marczak-Markowski J. J.

1 Markowska-Marczak B.

1 Wilczek P.

1 2023

1 2011

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Abstrakcja od konkretu? Rola abstrakcji w myśleniu socjologicznym

Logika racjonalności. W stronę modalnego platonizmu matematycznego