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Образы мстителей в Безотцовщине А. П. Чехова. Герой в ситуации возмездия

100%
Szymańska A.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Rossica
|
2010
|
issue 3
52-59
EN
The aim of this article is to analyze the images of the two heroes of Chekhov`s early drama – the horse-thief Osip and Sophia Voynitseva, as characters that are similar to Commander, one of the heroes of the Don Juan story. A rtesponse to the Commander in Fatherlessness allows us to interpret Chekhov`s play in an ironic way and contributes to new value of this drama.
2
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„Nie można obejść się bez teatru”. O poziomach metateatralności w Mewie Antona Czechowa

100%
Hasiuk M.
Pamiętnik Teatralny
|
2016
|
vol. 65
|
issue 3(259)
151-168
EN
The Seagull (1896) holds a special place in the oeuvre of Anton Chekhov for the richness of metatheatrical devices deployed in it. It is the only drama by the playwright where one can find all the kinds of metatheatricality distinguished by Sławomir Świontek. It may be worth to add a fourth kind that manifests itself at the level of composition of the dramatic form and has been defined as “a play with genres” (Ewa Partyga) or “quoting of structures” (Danuta Danek). The present study of kinds of metatheatricality reveals Chekhov’s emphasis on the multitude of ways in which the audience can play a creative part in the theatre experience. The dramatist vindicates some elements hitherto considered to be secondary, passive, and weak. At the same time, Chekhov uses the image of the theatre of everyday life in order to expose the inner workings of society’s oppression that crushes its most sensitive individuals. This situation becomes a mirror for the processes going on within the self (as conceived of by the Dialogical Self Theory by Hubert Hermans). The disfunctionality of the world presented in the drama indicates fractures within the human psyche, where weaker personal positions must be suppressed or eradicated. The aim of the metatheatrical devices utilised in The Seagull is to construct a multi-level representation of reality and to display the multitude and changeability of personal perspectives on the reality, which illuminate one another. Out of this multitude of points of view and diversity of personal voices, Chekhov constructs a thoroughly modern representation of the world, whose governing principle combines dialogicality and theatricality.
3
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Пейзаж с водой у Мопассана и Чехова (На воде и Чайка)

88%
Ищук-Фадеева Н.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Rossica
|
2010
|
issue 3
42-51
EN
The article is dedicated to the comparative analysis of water metaphors in Maupassant’s and Chekhov's comedies, which enables a clear understanding of the nature of their heroes. This, in turn, helps understand the nature of art and the picture of the world in general.
4
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A sour cherry orchard. An excursion through Chekhovian green spaces

75%
Negro F.
Studia Rossica Posnaniensia
|
2021
|
vol. 46
|
issue 2
105-124
EN
The cherry orchard marks the end of Anton Chekhov’s life, consecrating him as the author who defined the threshold of the new epoch. In this article, I construe the garden as the motif linking Chekhov’s sensitivity to the general spirit of his era, revealing his poetics to the global stage as the distinctive mark of a historical and socioeconomic shift. On this path, I will clarify how the subtle difference between sour cherries and sweet cherries becomes a symbol of Chekhov’s dramatic construction, and how his poetics are built on nuances and subtle shifts in meanings, representing the irrevocable fading of a culture. A philological reflection combined with an attentive reading of Chekhov’s letters, Stanislavsky’s memoirs and scenic sketches reveal the author’s interest in the relationship between man and nature as well as the need to read his work from a more spatial-oriented standpoint. Chekhov clearly anticipates the so-called ‘spatial turn’, approaching space not through the description of a specific landscape or dramaturgical setting, but from a phenomenological point of view, leading him to profound reflections on the relationship between physical planning and socio-political development, as later conceptualised by key social thinkers such as Henry Lefebvre and Edward Soja. Chekhov’s dramaturgical construction and symbology are the result of this awareness and endless passion for nature in all its forms.
5
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Historia trzech zdań. Przemiany wewnętrzne w prozie Antoniego Czechowa

63%
Sadecki A.
Acta Humana
|
2016
|
vol. 7
EN
In the article, the main focus is put on the notion of evolution, in other words, on the internal transformations in Anton Chekhov’s prose. By means of cognitive methodology, it is shown which processes of thinking perform a vital role in the formulation and development of the writer’s work. For this reason, three symbolic sentences were chosen along with the cognitive mechanisms connected to them. The first mechanism, which is the conceptual metaphor, illustrates variants of the development of the same thought in various Chekhov’s literary works. Narrative universals and stereotypes serve as the second and third mechanism. Resignation from these mechanisms lets the writer create an entirely original image of the world presented in the mature phase of his writing. As a result, the reader is provided with a specific task. When no traditional images and techniques are found in the stories composed late in the writer’s life, the readers are meant to determine on their own the whole cognitive-emotional attitude to phenomena around them.
PL
W artykule zwracamy uwagę na kwestię ewolucji, czyli wewnętrznych zmian w prozie Antoniego Czechowa. Prezentujemy, uwzględniając metodologię kognitywną, jakie procesy myślowe odgrywają ważną rolę w formułowaniu i rozwoju twórczości pisarza. W tym celu zostały wybrane trzy symboliczne zdania i związane z nimi mechanizmy kognitywne. Pierwszy mechanizm to metafora pojęciowa, dzięki której Czechow pokazuje warianty rozwoju takiej samej myśli w różnych utworach. Drugi oraz trzeci mechanizm to uniwersalia narracyjne i stereotypy. Rezygnacja z nich pozwoliła pisarzowi na stworzenie w dojrzałym etapie twórczości całkowicie oryginalnego obrazu świata przedstawionego, a w konsekwencji – na postawienie przed czytelnikiem określonego zadania. Odbiorca, czytając późne opowiadania Czechowa i nie napotykając w nich tradycyjnych obrazów i chwytów, powinien samodzielnie określić własny poznawczo-emocjonalny stosunek do zachodzących zjawisk.
RU
В настоящей статье мы обращаем внимание на проблему эволюции, т.е. внутренних изменений в прозе Антона Чехова. Учитывая когнитивную методологию, мы показываем, какие процессы мышления играют важную роль в формировании и развитии творчества писателя. Для этой цели мы выбрали три символические предложения и связанные с ними когнитивные механизмы. Первый механизм – это концептуальная метафора, благодаря которой Чехов в разных произведениях показывает варианты развития одной и той же мысли. Второй и третий – это универсальный нарратив и стереотипы, отказ от которых позволил писателю создать вполне оригинальный образ художественного мира в зрелом периоде творчества, и, следовательно, поставить перед читателем определенную задачу. Ее суть в том, что читатель, читая поздние рассказы Чехова и не встретив в них традиционных образов и приемов, должен самостоятельно определить свое познавательно-эмоциональное отношение к происходящему.
6
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«Nie można obejść się bez teatru»: O poziomach metateatralności w «Mewie» Antona Czechowa

63%
Hasiuk M.
Pamiętnik Teatralny
|
2016
|
vol. 65
|
issue 3
151-168
EN
The Seagull (1896) holds a special place in the oeuvre of Anton Chekhov for the richness of metatheatrical devices deployed in it. It is the only drama by the playwright where one can find all the kinds of metatheatricality distinguished by Sławomir Świontek. It may be worth to add a fourth kind that manifests itself at the level of composition of the dramatic form and has been defined as “a play with genres” (Ewa Partyga) or “quoting of structures” (Danuta Danek). The present study of kinds of metatheatricality reveals Chekhov’s emphasis on the multitude of ways in which the audience can play a creative part in the theatre experience. The dramatist vindicates some elements hitherto considered to be secondary, passive, and weak. At the same time, Chekhov uses the image of the theatre of everyday life in order to expose the inner workings of society’s oppression that crushes its most sensitive individuals. This situation becomes a mirror for the processes going on within the self (as conceived of by the Dialogical Self Theory by Hubert Hermans). The disfunctionality of the world presented in the drama indicates fractures within the human psyche, where weaker personal positions must be suppressed or eradicated. The aim of the metatheatrical devices utilised in The Seagull is to construct a multi-level representation of reality and to display the multitude and changeability of personal perspectives on the reality, which illuminate one another. Out of this multitude of points of view and diversity of personal voices, Chekhov constructs a thoroughly modern representation of the world, whose governing principle combines dialogicality and theatricality.
PL
Mewa (1896) zajmuje szczególne miejsce w twórczości Antoniego Czechowa ze względu na bogactwo zastosowanych w niej środków metateatralnych. Jest to jedyny jego dramat, w którym można odnaleźć wszystkie rodzaje metateatralności wyróżnione przez Sławomira Świontka. Warto być może dodać jeszcze czwarty rodzaj, który przejawia się na poziomie kompozycji formy dramatycznej i został określony jako "gry genologiczne" (Ewa Partyga) lub "cytowanie struktur" (Danuta Danek). Niniejsze studium typów metateatralności ujawnia, że Czechow kładzie nacisk na wielość sposobów, w jakie publiczność może odgrywać twórczą rolę w doświadczeniu teatralnym i przywraca wartość postawom dotychczas uważane za drugorzędne, pasywne i słabe. Jednocześnie Czechow wykorzystuje obraz teatru życia codziennego, aby obnażyć wewnętrzne mechanizmy opresji społecznej, która miażdży najbardziej wrażliwe jednostki. Sytuacja ta staje się zwierciadłem dla procesów zachodzących wewnątrz jaźni (zgodnie z teorią dialogicznego ja Huberta Hermansa). Dysfunkcyjność świata przedstawionego w dramacie wskazuje na pęknięcia w ludzkiej psychice, gdzie słabsze pozycje osobiste muszą zostać stłumione lub wykorzenione. Celem metateatralnych środków zastosowanych w Mewie jest zbudowanie wielopoziomowej reprezentacji rzeczywistości oraz ukazanie wielości i zmienności osobistych perspektyw na rzeczywistość, które wzajemnie się oświetlają. Z tej wielości punktów widzenia i różnorodności osobistych głosów Czechow konstruuje na wskroś nowoczesną reprezentację świata, której naczelną zasadą jest połączenie dialogiczności i teatralności.
7
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В тени А. П. Чехова: Е. М. Шаврова как писатель второго ряда

51%
Собенников А.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Rossica
|
2018
|
issue 11
111-117
EN
The article is devoted to Anton Chekhov’s creative connection with Yelena Shavrova, for whom he edited her works and helped her have them published. Shavrova followed Chekhov’s advice: she shortened descriptions and removed fragments calculated for effect. The young writer indeed absorbed Chekhov’s artistic principles: narrating “in the spirit and tone of the character”, relinquishing external eventfulness for the sake of focusing on the characters’ psychological states, open endings. Like her mentor, Shavrova was also interested in gender issues. After Chekhov’s death, Shavrova gave up literary activities.
RU
Статья посвящена творческой связи А. П. Чехова с Е. М. Шавровой, произведения которой он редактировал и продвигал в печать. Шаврова прислушивалась к советам Чехова: сокращала описания, убирала фрагменты, рассчитанные на эффект. Отмечается усвоение художественных принципов Чехова молодым писателем: повествование в «духе и тоне героя», замена внешней событийности психологическим состоянием персонажа, открытые финалы. Шаврову, как и Чехова, интересовала гендерная проблематика. После смерти писателя Шаврова уходит из литературы.
8
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Функционирование итератива в рассказах А. П. Чехова

51%
Семенова Н.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Rossica
|
2020
|
issue 13
189-199
EN
The article presents the hypothesis that in Chekhov’s late stories the increasing share of iterative storytelling is a consequence of the reduction of eventfulness. The relations between the singular and the iterative in the story “The Two Volodyas” are presented. Lexical markers of the iterative are considered, which makes it possible to reconstruct the event in the logic of movement from the deep, verbal, level to the “surface” structures.
RU
В статье излагается гипотеза об увеличении доли итеративного повествования как следствии редукции события в поздних рассказах А. П. Чехова. Представлены соотношения сингулятива и итератива в рассказе Володя большой и Володя маленький. Рассматриваются лексические индикаторы итератива, что позволяет произвести реконструкцию события в логике движения от глубинного, словесного, уровня к «поверхностным» структурам.
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