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Rola nacjonalizmu w azersko-ormiańskim sporze wokół Górskiego Karabachu

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Konarzewska N.
Studia Politologiczne
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2012
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vol. 23
407-432
EN
This article attempts to explain relation between nationalism and ethnic conflict – the derived hypotheses are tested on the Nagorno-Karbakh conflict – Armenian- Azeri conflict that has developed into war after collapse of the USSR. In particular, author polemizes against popular statement that ethnic animosity between Armenians and Azeris is primordial and rooted in ancient times. Roots of ethnic nationalism and ethnic conflict can be seen in Russian Empire and USSR nationalities policy, which were partially responsible for nationalistic mobilization after both empires collapsed. It is worthwile to mention that nationalistic mobilization is only partially responsible for conflict militarization, because danger of ethnic violence is usually higher during transitional periods. However ethnic nationalism can play major role in defining an aim and possible mechanisms of ethnic mobilization. Also, it can be assumed that nationalism is partially responsible for lack of peaceful settlement of Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. First part of the analysis deals with methodological problems in research on nationalism in the South Caucasus. Second part provides historical overview and explains rise of nationalism as well as possible causes of Armenian-Azeri animosity. Third part deals with Soviet nationalities policy, which instruments: ethnofederalism and institutionalization of ethnicity are key factors responsible for strenghtening titular nationalities and rise of ethnic nationalism after collapse of the USSR. Finally, article explains role of myths of ethnogenesis in diffusion of the ethnic nationalism.
2
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Ormiański Kościół Apostolski w procesie transformacji ustrojowej w Armenii

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Fedorowicz K.
Our Europe. Ethnography – Ethnology – Anthropology of Culture
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2019
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issue Vol. 8
7-11
EN
The Armenian Apostolic Church has played a very important role in Armenia’s social developments. Due to the Church’ role in the nation’s history, it has become of the most significant institutions in the lives of Armenians. The article is an attempt at showing the role of the Armenian Apostolic Church in the process of system transformation in Armenia. The author indicates its privileged role and the difficulties accompanying acceptance of other denominations in Armenia. Attention is also paid to the Church’s close cooperation with the political elites.
3
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Służby specjalne w systemie ustrojowym Armenii

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Fedorowicz K.
Studia Politologiczne
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2017
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vol. 43
36-59
EN
The article presents the role and place of secret services in the political system of Armenia. The following publication tries to answer the question of whether secret services are subordinate to the interests of the state. Presents complicated political conditions of Armenia and their impact on the creation and functioning of secret services. The article indicated been selected examples of interference of special services in the political life of Armenia and the cooperation of the special services of Armenia and Russia.
4
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Stosunki turecko-ormiańskie w świetle opinii tureckiej

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Chmielowska D.
Studia Europejskie-Studies in European Affairs
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2017
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issue 4
203-218
EN
Turkey, as a state operating in accordance with the well-known saying by its first President, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Evde sulh cihanda sulh, and aspiring to good relations with all its neighbours, started negotiations on establishing diplomatic relations with Armenians in 2009, using Switzerland as a mediator. Armenia’s increasing economic and financial dependency on Russia contributes to the growing poverty in widening social circles in the country, which are to a certain extent interested in opening the border with Turkey. Cross-border trading could improve the material situation of many Armenians. Turkey, on the other hand, aspires – although not unanimously – to join the European Union, who is pressuring it to raise the standards of, among other things, democratic behaviour towards its ethnic minorities; the current Turkish government is therefore very interested in softening and regulating its relations also with Armenia (who wants to strengthen its relations with Europe), which would be very well received by the West and to a certain extent move forward the difficult process of integrating Turkey with the EU. Therefore in both countries, Armenia and Turkey, the trends towards establishing diplomatic relations and open the borders have been growing recently. This was supported by the pressure from the USA, as the American diplomacy was making efforts to bring both feuding countries to start negotiating.
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