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Zarządzanie i Finanse
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2012
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vol. 1
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issue 1
123-136
EN
In the article the basic guidelines on management of an operational risk in the bank were put through a description (characterization). The essence of the operational risk, organization and separate stages of a process of risk management, as well as role of units in bank in a scope of operational risk management were presented. It was Resolu-tion of the Banking Supervision Authority that was the subject of consideration taken up in this article. This resolution may be found in „Recommendation M - that is about operational risk management in banks”.
EN
Organizational structures are differing for different banks. They depend on individual bank economic situation, its technology, strategy and form of competition struggle. Usually the biggest EU banks are consists from formally or really independent divisions. The most common divisions are Retail Banking, Corporate Banking, Treasury and Investment, sometimes Insurance. PKO BP, the biggest Polish Bank, ought to change its structure due to implementation new IT system.
EN
The article presents empirical research on public relations in banks. The research was conducted in August 2009 by the management staff in a number of Krakow’s banks. The investigation included task groups in public relations, means of action, and target groups at which public relations are aimed, together with the importance of such campaigns. The results showed that the biggest and most often used task area for public relations by Kraków’s banks is cooperating with the media. However, the respondents recognised phone and mail contact as being among the most important means of public relations as well. All of the banks’ clients comprised the target group to which public relations campaigns were directed. Interest aimed at investors and, to a small extent, educational institutions, was considered insufficient. The high degree of recognition of public relations campaigns by the management of banks in Krakow should be taken as a positive sign.
EN
The problems of rhe commercial banks use of new technologies and tools necessary to manage the restructuring and recovery of problem debts are considered. It was found that the situational center settlement of debts enables to create, implement and ensure the systematic prediction of undesirable consequences of decisions as well as the objective assessment of the level and risk factors in the management of problematic debts. Practical recommendations for using the Situation Center to improve the management of troubled corporate debt and individual credit transactions on applying the modern analytical techniques, procedures, methodologies and information technologies are offered.
EN
There are a lot of economic efficiency indicators in theory. It is necessary to choosee some of them for concrete purposes. ROA, ROE and C/I play important role due to last experience of polish banks. Cost to Income Ratio plays very important role affecting not only efficiency monitoring process in the banks but also becoming a very important target in strategy or finance plan. There are several methodological approaches to construct this index in detail. Results are differing due to implementing methodology. This article describes trends C/I concerning both polish and foreign banks. It is difficult to compare banks in emerging country and real giants in finance mature economies.
EN
The article puts forward and proves the hypothesis regarding the relationships between corporate social responsibility and efficiency of the banking business. The main modern methods of evaluating the effectiveness of the banking business are determined. It considers the expediency of the use of stochastic methods frontier boundaries to establish a link between the corporate social responsibility of the bank and the efficiency of its operations, which is the ability to identify deviations of the effectiveness of a particular bank of the limit of the bank with reference efficiency. It proposes production approach in the theory of banking, where the bank is able to perform its key function – the financial intermediary. According to the production function a list of direct and indirect impacts on profit before tax was established, that is the main indicator of the efficiency of the banking business. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the study of the relationship focused within a short period in which profit maximization is not contrary to the key principles of the concept of corporate social responsibility.
Zarządzanie i Finanse
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2012
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vol. 4
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issue 2
257-269
EN
The purpose of this paper is to present practical applications of multidimensional comparative analysis to assess the competitive position of domestic banks listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange with the use of financial and non-financial value drivers. The research included a group of 10 domestic banks and 2007-2011 period. As a result of research author creates ranking of banks.
Communication Today
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2012
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vol. 3
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issue 1
106-123
EN
Young people play a specific role in financial institutions. Their role depends on the group, to which they fall into. The first group are young people who have not established any commercial relationship with a bank yet. They are influenced by several factors arising from internal and external environments, in which young people exist. The second group are young people who are already customers of the bank. This group has the biggest fluctuation. The aim of the research study is to analyze current issues and problems in communication of the banks with young people. The results of the survey indicate that most young people aged 15 to 24 have entered into a commercial relationship with the bank. This age group is by the selection of banks influenced by the views and experiences of parents.
EN
The European banking industry has experienced profound change in regulation, technology and market structure over the last two decades. Since the late 1990s, a strong wave of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and market consolidation process have been induced by the changing external environment. The aim of this paper is to find out whether M&A transactions in the European banking sector can be justified by creating value for involved banks' shareholders. For this purpose the authors conduct an event study examining value implications of 59 M&A transactions of listed European banks carried out between 1998 and 2007. Their findings suggest large value creation for the targets' shareholders. On contrary, significant value destruction is found for shareholders of the bidding banks. The net wealth effect for combined entities of targets and bidders is still significantly positive; therefore, they conclude that banking M&A have been successful in the observed period. Moreover, they present results for several sub-samples analysing differences in terms of value creation between domestic and cross-border deals, cash and equity-financed deals and transactions of different sizes.
EN
One of elements of financial safety net are the deposit insurance systems. The first suggestions about insurance of deposits were mentioned in recommendations of the European Commission 87/63/EEC of 22 December 1986. These recommendations were not compulsory. More strict form of protection of deposit and the base aiming to harmonize the solutions used in deposit insurance systems in the member countries of EU gave Directive 94/19/EC which was changed by Directive 94/19/EC. On 12 July 2010 European Commission introduced the project of a new directive for deep reform of deposit insurance systems. Among others it regulates: level of deposit insurance, range of insurance, period of payments of deposit insurance, the way of financing and using of financial funds.
EN
This paper focuses on modelling the real operational data of an anonymous Central European bank. We have applied the Extreme Value Theory, in which we have used two estimation methods – the standard maximum likelihood estimation method and the probability weighted moments (PWM). Our results proved a heavy-tailed pattern of operational risk data as documented by many researchers. Additionally, we showed that the PWM is quite consistent when the data is limited as it was able to provide reasonable and consistent capital estimates. Our findings show that when using the Advanced Measurement Approach rather than the Basic Indicator Approach used in Basel II, the researched bank might save approx. 6 – 8% of its capital requirement on operational risk.
EN
The aim of this article is verification of Rainer Haselman's thesis, stating that foreign banks operating in local markets do not take into their account macroeconomic situation in the country of origin. The verification was carried on example of Bank WBK S.A. and Irish Group AIB. In the study correlation indicator was used.
EN
The aim of this paper is to present some aspects which are taken into account during the elaboration of the strategy of management of Islamic Banks. Those entities utilize the Koran norms in their strategies of running business. Those norms are totally different from those based in developed countries. Islamic Banks started their business nearly 50 years ago and now they are a key player on the market. If anyone would like to enter this market, they are supposed to cooperate with Islamic Banks.
EN
The instruments of state influence on consolidation processes in banking system of Ukraine are researched. The list of state instruments of influence according to Ukrainian practice and taking into account world experience is defined concretely. Specificity and peculiarities of using concrete instruments are observed. It is emphasized that today quasi fiscal operations of the NBU as regulatory instruments of consolidation of banks in Ukraine are more popular and effective than others. In this research they include capital support for banks, refinancing operations on easy terms, selling non-performing loans to specialized institutions initiated by state et al. Division of instruments of state influence on those, which activate consolidation processes in banking system, and those, which hold them on, is made.
EN
The article presents the significance and impact of construction and management of commercial banks' portfolio in terms of bank - customers' relationships. At the same time the Author presents an empirical analysis of the structure of commercial banks' investment portfolios in the years 2001 - 2008, including the periods of boom and slump in the capital market.
EN
The article concerns law aspects of obligatory takeover of the bank that faces the threat of bankruptcy. It has been proven the existing procedures in that field, that are based on the decision of Polish Financial Supervision Authority, are not comprehensive and satisfactory. Furthermore the complex and long-lasting procedure may be finished unsuccessfully, as the banks may not be granted the required concentration permission from the president of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection. Regulations concerning obligatory takeover of the bank do not include unequivocal definitions that allow the bank (that takes over the bank under the threat of bankruptcy) to start due-diligence, in particular concerning the information that are protected under the bank secrecy. This bank is exposed to higher risk, therefore article 147 of Bank Law may have limited utilization. In the text the postulates have been formulated concerning the change within regulations in the area of obligatory takeover of the bank, through the increase of importance of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority in the whole process, that would allow the potential bank/s to proceed due-diligence of the bank to be taken over and indicate solutions to be implemented, when more than one bank expresses interest in the takeover. This last area is not the subject of any regulation.
EN
This paper uses quantitative modelling methods to assess the potential impact of the new capital requirements defined in Basel III and Capital Requirements Directive IV (CRD IV) on European banks. In our analysis we explore the impact of the higher capital requirements on the level of profitability of European banks. More specifically, we try to pinpoint which of the variables will have the most significance. Based on the results of our analysis which employs a simultaneous equations model on 594 banks operating in the European Union in the 2006 – 2011 periods, we conclude that higher capital requirements under the CRD IV proposal would cause a decrease in banks’ profitability accompanied by a drop in their risk taking. Additionally, we show that a higher level of capital held by banks would cause them to decrease their risky assets held relative to total assets.
EN
In this article the questions of development of financial relations are considered between the industrial enterprises of machine-building industry, communal sphere and by jars in the process of reengineering of business processes of productive sphere. The factors of affecting system of competences of industrial enterprise are investigational with bank establishment during development of financial mechanism of subjects during realization of reengineering. Improved cluster of competences by combination with realization of reengineering of business processes on industrial enterprises. Offered competences of industrial enterprise and bank during realization of the investment regional program, which is directed on reengineering of motor transport complex of enterprises of communal sphere, as development of the system of competences of industrial enterprise “Sumygazmash” at forming of the associated company LTD “Sumygazmashcapital” and bank the Sumy branch of propulsion “Raifaisenbank-Aval” during financing of the program of translation of motor transport on the compressed natural gas.
EN
The essence of central bank' quasi-fiscal operations is researched. It is determined that central bank has dominant character during realization of quasi-fiscal operations because of its decisive role in supporting macroeconomic stability and substantial possibilities to accumulate profit. Their consequences on economic development are concretized and systematized in the context of its macroeconomic and financial influence. Key types of quasi-fiscal operations are investigated. They are divided into two groups: operations in financial sphere and operations in sphere of exchange control. Operations in sphere of exchange control are divided into those, which are connected with system of multiply exchange rates, and those, which arise as a result of taking risk of change in exchange rate by central bank. Quasi-fiscal activity experience of the National Bank of Ukraine is examined with providing characteristics and features of specific quasi-fiscal operation.
EN
Regulators and policymakers pay an increasing attention to the possible pro-cyclical nature of banks’ behaviour in provisioning. Loan-loss provisioning practices of banks are perceived as one of the sources of this pro-cyclicality. The main objective of this study is to provide the evidence on pro-cyclical behaviour and capital management of banks through loan-loss provisions in South-Eastern European countries for the period 2004 – 2015. Our results show that loan-loss provisions of banks are pro-cyclical; however, there is no evidence to indicate a relationship between loan-loss provisions and capital management. The findings suggest that a dynamic provisioning system would be beneficial if it is implemented in South-Eastern Europe. The results also show empirical evidence that loan-loss provisions are not used for income smoothing in banks in South- -Eastern Europe.
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