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FROM THE ORIGINS OF THE BBWR (NON-PARTY BLOC OF COOPERATION WITH THE GOVERNMENT): CONTROVERSIES ABOUT THE POLITICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE PILSUDSKIITE CAMP PRIOR TO THE PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS OF 1928 (Z genezy BBWR...)

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Duber P.

Dzieje Najnowsze

2008

issue 4

133-144

In the wake of the May 1926 coup d'etat members of the Pilsudskiite camp faced the following dilemmas: should they disband the existing Sejm and announce new parliamentary elections, or wait until the end of the term in office of the heretofore legislative chambers? Having closely examined this issue, they concluded that an eventual election would bring victory for the communists and national minorities; consequently, it was decided to opt for the second solution. In order to win the coming election, to be held in 1928, it was necessary to create a political group. First secret talks were conducted already in the spring of 1927, but their intensification, associated with attempts at winning over the cooperation of political groups up to then not connected with the Marshal, took place in the autumn of that year. Initially, the conception of the so-called Government Intermediaries planned to set up leftist and conservative election lists, within whose range it was decided to attempt to concentrate numerous social activists, self-governments, etc. The first practical test of this notion was the election to the Warsaw Municipal Council in May 1927, when Kazimierz Switalski, Director of the Political Department at the Ministry of Internal Affairs, questioned the division of the candidates into two groups and launched the idea of placing socialist and moderate activists on a single list. This politician also became, next to Walery Slawek, who initially did not support the idea, the prime organiser of an election campaign conducted by the ruling camp. His undertakings encountered the opposition of the then Vice-Premier, Kazimierz Bartel, incapable of proposing an alternative conception that would ensure victory in the coming elections. Ultimately, the 'sanacja' camp, with few exceptions, took part in the election as a bloc within a single list, and won a much greater success than was originally anticipated. As a result, Switalski became, alongside Walery Slawek, the most important collaborator of Marshal Pilsudski.

Polityka Józefa Piłsudskiego wobec parlamentu w pierwszych latach reżimu autorytarnego 1928-1930

100%

Mroczka K.

Kwartalnik Naukowy OAP UW "e-Politikon"

2012

issue 2

145-169

W niniejszym artykule podjęta została próba przedstawienia problemu funkcjonowania instytucji demokratycznych w okresie Sejmu II kadencji. W tym czasie decydującą rolę na scenie politycznej odgrywał Józef Piłsudski, który mówił o sobie: ja należę do ludzi silnych, powiedziałbym bardzo wyjątkowo obdarzonych siłą charakteru i mocą decyzji . Pełnię swojej mocy decyzyjnej Piłsudski mógł stopniowo urzeczywistniać od momentu przeprowadzenia zamachu stanu. Do 1930 r. miał jednak obok siebie parlament, w którym większość wybranych przedstawicieli narodu starała się przeciwstawiać dyktatorskim zapędom sanacji. Dopiero po listopadowych wyborach 1930 r. w obu izbach parlamentu znalazła się bezwzględna większość bezgranicznie popierająca Piłsudskiego.

The aim of this paper is to present the problem of the function of democratic institutions during the second term of the Sejm. In the Sejm's activity the decisive role in the political area was played by Józef Piłsudski who said: I belong to strong people, I would say very exceptionally endowed with strength of character and power of decision. Piłsudski implemented the fullness and power of the decision-making since then. By 1930, however, the parliament with the majority of the elected representatives tried to oppose Piłsudski and his dictatorial tendencies of the financial restructuring. It was not until the November election, 1930, when both houses of parliament appeared to be absolute supporters of Piłsudski.

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1 Dzieje Najnowsze

1 Kwartalnik Naukowy OAP UW "e-Politikon"

1 Duber P.

1 Mroczka K.

1 2012

1 2008

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FROM THE ORIGINS OF THE BBWR (NON-PARTY BLOC OF COOPERATION WITH THE GOVERNMENT): CONTROVERSIES ABOUT THE POLITICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE PILSUDSKIITE CAMP PRIOR TO THE PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS OF 1928 (Z genezy BBWR...)

Polityka Józefa Piłsudskiego wobec parlamentu w pierwszych latach reżimu autorytarnego 1928-1930