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EN
This article offers a two-fold contribution. On the one hand, it includes a review of the key junctions in the research landscape related to migrant children and youth by bringing together youth studies, migration studies and a child-centered paradigm with the focus on the meso-level and the concept of belonging. On the other hand, by seeing belonging as a valuable analytical framework for the integration of approaches at the tripartite analysis favoring the meso-level, the paper encourages studies to dynamically overcome the dichotomy, incompleteness and a static nature of the research conducted separately on either macro or micro levels.
EN
Vietnamese immigrants are the third largest group of immigrants in the Czech Republic. At the same time, in comparison with other immigrant groups and even the majority population there is higher share of children under 15 years of age. As they are mostly economic migrants and usually working as entrepreneurs, stall-keepers and owners of shops and restaurants, the pace of their work life in a new country is intense. Private family life is minimized and Vietnamese parents have to hire Czech nannies to look after their children. Spending more time with their Czech nannies than with parents, these children are slowly integrating into Czech society – through Czech fairy tales that their paid Czech nannies read them, the Czech songs they sing them, or the Czech food they cook for them. Drawing upon qualitative research conducted with Vietnamese mothers, Czech nannies, and children of Vietnamese immigrants, the paper looks into how children (born both in Vietnam and in the Czech Republic) of Vietnamese parents who grow up Czech with their Czech nannies perceive the role of the Czech nanny in their lives and what meanings they put to the delegated caregiving. It focuses on how children describe the role of their nannies as a “door to the majority” teaching them the “authenticity” of the Czech culture, mediating them their social networks, and enabling them to understand and partly experience what it means to be the part of the majority society.
EN
An original scale of spirituality was constructed and verified on a sample of 108 Prague students of human sciences and technical universities. Factor analysis of 30 items indicates the existence of three factors. 'Pagan eco-spirituality' includes spiritual experiences in relation to earth, amazement with elements of nature and experience of connectedness with past and future generations. 'Belonging' refers to the experience of harmony of souls with close people, emotional closeness, respect towards and responsibility for people as well as for natural entities. A factor interpretable as 'transcendental mysticism' concerns experience of 'highest reality', catharsis from inner impurity, endless awe, deeper understanding of the world's substance and sense of integration with all life. All three aspects of spirituality bear on historical religious systems and trends, in the framework of which they have always existed. Theoretical base and results of the investigation are discussed in relation to Hood's Scale of Mysticism, Spiritual Transcendence Scale of Piedmont, Expressions of Spirituality Inventory of MacDonald, Index of Core Spiritual Experiences of Kass, Friedman et al., and other scales of spirituality (Reker, Moberg).
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