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EN
Blood is not solely a body part and a medicinal substance; it’s likewise a metaphor for life. Blood as a social concept has mainly been explored as a symbol of kinship, genetic heritage and lineage, nationalism, race, taboo, in rituals, and blood donations. Besides that, ethnic or national survival is also written on the map with bloody place-names. When the soil is soaked with blood of patriotic defenders and endangering others, the collective memory creates new bloody geographical names. They record the evidence of historically important harsh events, remind us of heroic battles, neighbouring antagonisms, or, provide an insight into religious changes in the area. The stories of violent killings and bloodshed in defence of a country, enriched with fears, imagination and prejudices towards the bloodthirsty foreign invaders, such as Turks or French, upset people’s blood. Though the base kri, blood, Blut, krvav, blutig is proportionally rare in Slovene toponymics, these geographical names describe historic episodes of groups and a nation. The tales about the origin of bloody place-names and about the horrific blood spill, which stops the blood in the veins, became a part of the nation’s cultural heritage.
EN
The article shows, taking as an example the works of the Russian writer, the new and interesting version of the motif of vampirism. Kryzhanovska (Rochester) creates supernatural creatures close to typical vampires, who live in the place between life and death, but use not only the blood but spiritual energy too. Kryzhanovska uses the topic of vampire to present the occult system of men and necessity of spiritual metamorphosis. The Russian writer shows how important the blood is in the occult. This symbol of life and death joins different levels of human body: from physical through astral to spiritual aspect.
EN
The present work deals with the role of the macabrism in creating baroque effects in literary work. The macabrism is present first of all within two themes. First one was Christ’s birth with crucified body (bones, wunds, blood) and other Bible martyrs or saints. The second theme was an ugly woman who is being changed by artificial means into the beauty but the means that are used are of macabre origin. All this was acompanied by macabre symbols: man’s skull, dry bones, cut up bodies, conversations with the dead body or skull. Macabre details played an important role in forming unusual effects and this was the main feature of baroque stylistic expression.
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