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THE EXISTENTIAL QUANTIFIER AND THE PROBLEM OF THE PREDICATION OF EXISTENCE IN BOLZANO

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Vlasakova M.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
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2005
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vol. 12
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issue 2
168-175
EN
Instead of the existential quantifier Bernard Bolzano uses his notion of 'Gegenständlichkeit einer Vorstellung an sich' (objectivity of a representation in itself). This approach makes it possible for him to solve the traditional problem of the predication of existence (i.e. whether it is possible to consider existence as a standard property of individuals) in accordance with an approach common today, namely to take existence to be primarily a property ('occupation') of a corresponding representation in itself, and not a characteristic of individuals. However, Bolzano considers a property of real existence to be attributable also to particular individuals, which is essentially different from the usual practice.
2

Premises and Main Claims of Theodicy by Bernard Bolzano

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Lukasiewicz D.
Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria
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2007
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vol. 16
|
issue 1(61)
223-238
EN
The article presents the main logical and metaphysical assumptions of Bolzano's theodicy. The conception of truths in themselves is understood as a logical assumption of Bolzano's proposal, and the conception of substance is the metaphysical assumption of the theodicy in question. The world, according to Bolzano, is causally determined and it is also logically determined to the effect that the world is a model of a system of truths in themselves. Truths in themselves are independent of God (the nature of relation between God and truth is explained in the article), and hence God is not responsible for evil in the world.
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