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1
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A COSMOLOGIC CONTEXT OF MEDITATION. THE BUDDHIST MODEL OF THE WORLD

100%
Koehler B.
Archeus. Studia z bioetyki i antropologii filozoficznej
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2006
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vol. 7
125-131
EN
The article is concerned with the detailed overview of the Buddhist model of the World and specifies the subject from the perspective of the Buddhist cosmology. The fundament of Buddhist cosmology are the so-called Buddhist Worlds (loka) - areas of existence (bhumi). They are the effect of the immediate experience (meditation) and evidence for the multiperspectivity of individual awareness. From the starting point of a dynamic and relative character of Buddha's science, the authoress draws attention towards the cosmological context of practice of meditation as a process of creative act of self-realization. She elucidates an interesting, characteristic of Buddhism, interdependence between cosmological area of existence (bhumi), state of consciousness (cittani), and level of meditation (jhana). The aim of meditation is to transform the reflexive and intuitive form of learning into a dynamic evolution of consciousness.
2
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Sprawozdanie z III konferencji naukowej „Myśl i kultura buddyjska” (Kazimierz Dolny, 20-22 października 2010 roku)

100%
Jakubczak K.
Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
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2011
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issue 4(18)
441-443
3
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ANALYSIS OF ACTIVITY OF FACTORS OF CONSCIOUSNESS ON THE BUDDHIST PATH OF SELF-REALIZATION

100%
Koehler B.
Archeus. Studia z bioetyki i antropologii filozoficznej
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2007
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issue 8
101-112
EN
The following publication specified the subject from the perspective of Abhidhamma - the Buddhist empirical study of personality. From the starting point of a structure of consciousness and a classification of factors (cetasika) of consciousness the authoress outlines the psychological dimension of Buddha's science. The fundament of Buddhist psychology is a dynamic process of transformation of individual consciousness (bhavanga-sota) on the Buddhist path (atthangika magga). The positive (kusala//sobhana)-, negative (akusala)- and neutral (annasamana) factors of consciousness determine the creative act of evolution of spirit. The aim of the immediate experience (meditation) is to eliminate the negative (akusala) factors of consciousness. On the highest (lokuttara) levels of consciousness negative (akusala) factors of consciousness do not subsist.
4
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Křesťanská a buddhistická spiritualita – dialog v jinakosti

100%
Sládek K.
Studia theologica
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2009
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vol. 11
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issue 1
70-79
EN
The dialogue between Christianity and Buddhism became the prompt of the 20th Century. Christians in the dialogue with Buddhists remind themselves of the wealth of ways of meditations in their own tradition, while looking at the Buddhist ascetical practice. Buddhists in spiritual meeting with Christians inspire themselves to horizontal love to the fellow, which arises from the vertical contact with the love of God. The meeting with the Christian's love encourages the interest in the affairs of this world, as is evidenced by today's activities of Buddhists in the fight for human rights. Christians and Buddhists together turn to the world to advocate the human rights, the justice and the peace of the world - to near the reality of Kingdom of God.
5
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BLURRED BOUNDARIES: FRANCIS BACON’S PORTRAITS

100%
Lelik T. A.
World Literature Studies
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2019
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vol. 11
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issue 4
84 – 96
EN
In his oeuvre Francis Bacon hints at the fact that portraiture sacrifices the subject for the sake of representation. For this reason, portraiture as a genre needs to re-determine the conditions that originally shaped it. Through an analysis of the manner in which Bacon depicts his subjects I will argue that his portraits blur the boundaries between object and subject, portrait and viewer, in order to remodel conventional notions of portraiture. Through Gilles Deleuze’ s theory on Francis Bacon, I will reinterpret Bacon ’s works through the prism of Buddhism, arguing that understanding the works through Buddhist practices opens the possibility of a complete transformation of pre-existing concepts which traditionally shaped portrait making.
6
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MĚNÍ SE PATRIARCHÁLNÍ REŽIM V MYANMARU?

88%
Boháčová E.
Annales Scientia Politica
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2018
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vol. 7
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issue 1
29 – 43
EN
After the elections in November 2015 Myanmar has had a new and, although some wouldn’t agree, democratic government. And the head of the new government is a woman – Aung San Suu Kyi. In a country where the government had been led by an army dominated by men for more than five decades, there is now a quasi-democratic government led by a woman. Could this fact imply that the situation of Myanmar’s women in general is improving? Does democratization have any implications for a gender regime that has been dominantly patriarchal for decades? And how do the democratisation process and the rising Buddhist nationalism effect the antidiscrimination agenda declared after the abandonment of military rule?
7

THREE DIMENSIONS OF SUFFERING. THE SUFFERING IN RUSSIAN LITERATURE

88%
Szymczyk M.
Slavia Orientalis
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2006
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vol. 55
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issue 1
57-75
EN
The authoress shows the analysis of three aspects of suffering: mental, physical and spiritual. This kind of differentiation is taken from the works of John Paul II, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, and other philosophers and thinkers. First, she refers to the problems of the sense of suffering in selected religious doctrines. Much attention is dedicated to the suffering in Christian aspect, based mainly on the Bible. The authoress also presents the sense of suffering in Buddhism. Later, the reflection on mental suffering and methods of treatment is raised (Konrad Stettbacher's concept). Next, based on the works of Cornelius van der Poel, the connection between the physical and mental suffering is stressed. She presents scholarly opinion suggesting that the psychical state of mind influences the ability to cope with physical suffering. The authoress choses works of Russian literature whose main subject is suffering to be presented as a very important element of her consideration. Fyodor Dostoyevsky's 'Brothers Karamazov' and 'The Idiot' are presented. Using the artistic works of Vladimir Maximov and Lev Tolstoi she shows the so-called extreme situations. Methods of depression treatment are showed with an example of Mikhail Zoshchenko's 'Before sunrise'. Closing, the author focuses on Alexander Solzhenitsyn's novel 'The Cancer Ward' which presents the problem of suffering in the age of communism.
8

RACIONALIZMUS A EMPIRIZMUS BUDDHISTICKÉHO KÁNONU

75%
Hubina M.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2012
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vol. 67
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issue 1
72 – 82
EN
The article offers a critical appraisal of the modernist claim that the Buddha’s teaching (P. Dhamma) as recorded in the Pali Canon has rational and empirical character thereby meeting the criteria of scientific knowledge valid from the nineteenth century onwards. Buddhist modernism originated in the middle of the nineteenth century as a reaction to both Western science and religion which – in hands of colonial powers – challenged Buddhism as an instrument legitimizing indigenous political systems and offering a relevant worldview. Many of the arguments introduced by these early reformers are used by Buddhist and Western modernists even nowadays. The author argues that while formalization of the polemical discussion and rational argumentation played an important role in the maintaining further and spreading of the Dhamma and though personal “experience” is presented in the Pali Canon as a sole means legitimizing the teacher’s activity, these aspects are actually set in a context (e.g. uncritical acceptance of traditional philosophical concepts or “verification” of the teaching through alternations of consciousness) which prevents the Dhamma to be attributed the characteristics claimed by modernists.
9
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THE ROLE OF BUDDHISM IN ANCIENT INDO-ROMAN TRADE (200BC-200AD)

75%
Ingle D. S.
Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)
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2011
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vol. 109
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issue 2
218-234
EN
The age of the Shakas, Kushanas and Satavahanas (200 BC-AD 250) was the most flourishing period in the history of trade and commerce in ancient India. Particularly this period witnessed remarkable growth in the trade relations between Ancient India and Ancient Rome. Also this period is known for the dominance of Buddhism in the history of India. Buddhism was supported by royal patronage as well as by the laity who were engaged as a productive force in the fields of agriculture, crafts, trade and commerce. Historical sources suggest that Buddhism functioned as driving factor in this commercial activities. Ancient Buddhist texts, travelogues of Roman traders and the archeological evidences validate this fact. In this paper, my attempt is to throw light on some questions such as how the Buddhist ideology and civilization promote the economic growth in this period? How did this trade declined after the downfall of Buddhism in the cultural conflict with Brahmanical religion which was antagonist to Buddhism?
10

ASIA’S CHANGING HISTORY: INDIA’S RELATIONS WITH AFGHANISTAN AND PAKISTAN

63%
Rath S. K.
Asian and African Studies
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2013
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vol. 22
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issue 2
302 – 331
EN
Indians in Afghanistan and Pakistan, although lucky to live in the neglected neighbourhoods, are victims of the hostile and discriminatory state persecution and local environs. Historically acknowledged as one of the centres of Indian civilization, where Buddha himself had travelled, Afghanistan has substantially differed from India in recent times. People of Indian origin in Afghanistan are now dwindling and diminishing, and their conditions are palpable and precarious. Across the Hindukush, Pakistan, the very heart of India till the mid-20th century, holds the dubious distinction of persuading an intolerant approach towards India since its creation. A professed Islamic state, Pakistan’s prejudice towards minorities, even against some Islamic sects, is reflected even in its constitution. Created after an artificial vivisection, it shed its secular character rather too soon to embrace Islam. Immediately after the vivisection, all non-Islamic living mortals, especially the Hindus and Sikhs, in the country were designated as unwanted. Not so long ago a cherished land of Hinduism and Indian civilization, Afghanistan and Pakistan are now nightmares for persons with Indian roots. The author has analysed three basic issues. Firstly, the paper discusses India’s intimate civilizational contacts with the region and how the course of history has changed over a period of time. Secondly, the paper tried to identify those catalysts, which were responsible for the abrupt and indiscriminate mutation of the hard-core ideologies in Pakistan and Afghanistan that has dislodged India from the two countries. Finally, the paper sheds some limited light on the contemporary time and events which have had a bearing on the changing history of Asia.
11

ÚVAHY O VÝZNAME NIEKTORÝCH BUDHISTICKÝCH DEDINSKÝCH SLÁVNOSTÍ V OBLASTIACH HORNÝ KINNAUR A ZÁPADNÝ TIBET

63%
Jahoda C.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
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2011
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vol. 59
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issue 4
385 – 400
EN
This paper deals with the question of meaning in the case of two Buddhist villages’ festivals or communal ritual performances in Upper Kinnaur and Western Tibet. For this purpose, the model of ´script´, ´ritual stage´ and the dynamic or constrained (re-) production of meaning (s) as they were employed by Joanna Pfaff-Czarnecka and Andre Gingrich in recent contributions to the debate on ritual theory in social and cultural anthropology are discussed. A particular focus is thereby on the emic aspects in the notion of ´script(s) ´. On the basis of two ethnographic case studies, including also relevant textual sources and local Buddhist concepts, it is suggested that what is termed ´script´ should be conceptualized in a wider sense that also includes visual and material aspects as well as music and dance. With regard to methodology and the assessment of the dynamics of the ritual process, the inclusion of a diachronically perspective and a greater variety of sources and aspects emerges as expedient for studies of this kind in village communities of Western Tibet and adjacent Tibetan-speaking areas in north western India.
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