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EN
Bishop Michał Klepacz’s view on the educational and pedagogical situation of the period between world wars
PL
Poglądy Biskupa Michała Klepacza na sytuację oświatowo-pedagogiczną okresu międzywojennego
EN
This article focuses on activities of Bishop Michał Klepacz at the Plenary Session of the Episcopal Conference of Poland and the Main Committee of the Episcopal Conference of Poland. In 1953–1956, during imprisonment and internment of the Primate of Poland, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński, the Łódź ordinary was a chairman of the Episcopal Conference of Poland. Circumstances of his election and his attitude towards problems of social and political life were marked by a direct interference of the Polish People’s Republic (PRL) authorities. The most important tasks executed by Bishop Michał Klepacz included: 1) specifying main directions and contents for pastoral teaching; 2) shaping relationships with the PRL authorities; 3) control and supervision over vicars capitular with powers of the residential bishop in Western and Northern Lands; and 4) general supervision over activities of religious congregations. At the same time, Bishop Michał Klepacz held a position of a chairman of the Main Committee of the Episcopal Conference of Poland, of which he had been a member already since 1949. On the return of Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński to primatial sees in autumn of 1956, he remained his faithful co-worker, mainly involved in shaping relationships between the state and the Church.
PL
Biskup Michał Klepacz odegrał, w okresie powojennym, kluczową rolę w pracach Konferencji Episkopatu Polski. Latem 1949 r. powołany został w skład Komisji Głównej, pełniącej rolę prezydium Episkopatu. Aktywność ta miała związek z zasiadaniem przez ordynariusza łódzkiego w Komisji do Rozmów z Rządem/Komisji Wspólnej przedstawicieli Rządu PRL i Episkopatu Polski. Pod koniec września 1953 r. wobec aresztowania i uwięzienia kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego objął funkcję przewodniczącego Konferencji Episkopatu Polski, stając się pierwszoplanową postacią Kościoła w Polsce. Jego wybór oraz postawa wobec bieżących problemów życia społeczno-politycznego naznaczone były bezpośrednią ingerencją władz PRL. Czas rządów biskupa Michała Klepacza charakteryzowały nasiąknięte językiem propagandy komunistycznej treści nauczania pasterskiego oraz oparte na daleko posuniętym kompromisie relacje z przedstawicielami aparatu władzy. Po powrocie kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego jesienią 1956 r. na stolice prymasowskie pozostał jego oddanym współpracownikiem, przede wszystkim angażując się w kształtowanie stosunków państwo-Kościół.
PL
This article focuses on activities of Bishop Michał Klepacz in the specialised committees of the Episcopate of Poland. Already in 1947, the Łódź Bishop was appointed to the Committee for Theological Studies at Church Faculties and in Seminaries, later transformed into the Studies/Studies and Seminars Committee chaired by the bishop in 1959–1967. Since 1947, he had also worked in the School Committee. Two years later, he was appointed a member of the Committee for Negotiations with the Government representing the Church (since 1956, that Committee operated as the Joint Committee of the PRL Government and the Episcopate of Poland Representatives), which was to standardise and organise relations between the Church and the Communist authorities. As a part of works of that Committee, he was one of the authors of the agreement of April 14, 1950. His activities in that body ended in 1963, with a unilateral freezing of its functioning by the PRL government. Bishop Michał Klepacz also made a substantial contribution to the works of the Press Committee, of which he was a member in the first half of the 1950s, and of the Council Committee. It should be added here that his involvement into that last body was strongly influenced by the fact that he was one of the few dignitaries of the Polish Church participating in all four sessions of the Second Vatican Council.
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